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1867 Penang Riots
The 1867 Penang riots occurred on Penang Island, Malaysia, between 3 August and 12 August 1867 when it was a British Crown colony. They began as a result of rising tensions between two Chinese secret societies, the Gee Hin and the Toh Peh Kong, who were traditional enemies and were triggered by an incident involving the throwing of a rambutan skin at a member of the Toh Peh Kong by a Gee Hin member whilst calling him a thief, and became known as "the rambutan skin riots". Later, hundreds of members of each side took to the streets and fought pitched battles, many armed with muskets, and there was widespread arson directed particularly against homes and business of rival members. The British authorities were unable to restore order due to the ineffectiveness of its small police force and the absence of the island's garrison which had been temporarily assigned elsewhere. The riots ended after ten days when the troops returned and reinforcements arrived from Singapore on the same day ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Ghee Hin Membership Certificate
''The'' is a grammatical Article (grammar), article in English language, English, denoting nouns that are already or about to be mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the Most common words in English, most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with nouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers. Pronunciation In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as (with the voiced dental fricative followed by a schwa) when followed by a con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sepoy
''Sepoy'' () is a term related to ''sipahi'', denoting professional Indian infantrymen, traditionally armed with a musket, in the armies of the Mughal Empire and the Maratha. In the 18th century, the French East India Company and its European counterparts employed locally recruited soldiers within India, mainly consisting of infantry designated as "sepoys". The largest sepoy force, trained along European lines, served the British East India Company. The term "sipahi" (or sometimes "sepoy") continues in use in the Indian, Pakistan and Nepalese armies, where it denotes the rank of private. Etymology In Persian (Aspa) means horse and Ispahai is also the word for cavalrymen. The term ''sepoy'' is the anglicised form of the Persian word (), meaning the traditional "infantry soldier" in the Mughal Empire. In the Ottoman Empire the term was used to refer to cavalrymen. Historical usage The term ''sepoy'' came into common use in the forces of the British East India Com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conflicts In 1867
Conflict may refer to: Social sciences * Conflict (process), the general pattern of groups dealing with disparate ideas * Conflict continuum from cooperation (low intensity), to contest, to higher intensity (violence and war) * Conflict of interest, involvement in multiple interests which could possibly corrupt the motivation or decision-making * Cultural conflict, a type of conflict that occurs when different cultural values and beliefs clash * Ethnic conflict, a conflict between two or more contending ethnic groups * Group conflict, conflict between groups * Intragroup conflict, conflict within groups * Organizational conflict, discord caused by opposition of needs, values, and interests between people working together * Role conflict, incompatible demands placed upon a person such that compliance with both would be difficult * Social conflict, the struggle for agency or power in something * Work–family conflict, incompatible demands between the work and family r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Penang
The Penang, State of Penang, one of the most developed and urbanised States and federal territories of Malaysia, Malaysian states, is located at the nation's northwest coast along the Strait of Malacca, Malacca Strait. To a greater degree than other Malaysian states, the history of modern Penang was shaped by British Malaya, British colonialism, beginning with the acquisition of Penang Island from the Kedah Sultanate, Sultanate of Kedah by the East India Company, British East India Company in 1786. Developed into a free port, the city state was subsequently governed as part of the Straits Settlements, together with Singapore and Malacca City, Malacca; the state capital, George Town, Penang, George Town, briefly became the capital of this political entity between 1826 and 1832. By the end of the 19th century, George Town prospered and became one of the major entrepôts in Southeast Asia. During World War II, Penang was conquered and occupied by the Empire of Japan, Japanese Emp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Riots And Civil Disorder In Asia
A riot or mob violence is a form of civil disorder commonly characterized by a group lashing out in a violent public disturbance against authority, property, or people. Riots typically involve destruction of property, public or private. The property targeted varies depending on the riot and the inclinations of those involved. Targets can include shops, cars, restaurants, state-owned institutions, and religious buildings. Riots often occur in reaction to a grievance or out of dissent. Historically, riots have occurred due to poverty, unemployment, poor living conditions, governmental oppression, taxation or conscription, conflicts between ethnic groups (race riot) or religions (e.g., sectarian violence, pogrom), the outcome of a sporting event (e.g., sports riot, football hooliganism) or frustration with legal channels through which to air grievances. While individuals may attempt to lead or control a riot, riots typically consist of disorganized groups that are frequently " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Straits Dollar
The Straits dollar was the currency of the Straits Settlements from 1898 until 1939. At the same time, it was also used in the Federated Malay States, the Unfederated Malay States, Kingdom of Sarawak, Brunei, and British North Borneo. History Background In the early nineteenth century, the most common currency used in the East Indies was the Spanish dollar, including issues both from Spain and from the new world Spanish colonies, which for the East Indies emanated from the Philippines in the Spanish East Indies originating from Mexico and Peru as part of the Spanish Empire, Spanish colonial empire. Locally issued coinages included the Kelantan keping, Kelantan and Trengganu keping, and the Penang dollar. In 1826, the Straits Settlements were formed under the auspices of the East India Company. The East India Company attempted to implement the Indian rupee as the sole official currency in the Straits Settlements, however it was unsuitable for trade and Mexican dollars (the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harry Ord
Sir Harry St. George Ord (17 June 1819 – 20 August 1885) was a British colonial administrator who served as Governor of Bermuda between 1861 and 1864, Governor of the Straits Settlements between 1867 and 1873, and Governor of Western Australia between 1877 and 1880. Education and career Ord was the son of Henry Gough Ord and grandson of Craven Ord (1756–1832) of Greenstead Hall, Essex, a prominent antiquarian. He was educated at the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich, (1835–1837). He served in the Royal Engineers, (1837–1856), principally in the West Indies, West Africa, and the Anglo-French expedition to the Baltic (1854), during the Crimean War. Ord later held many important colonial posts, including: * Commissioner of the Gold Coast (1855–1856) * Commissioner at the Courts of Paris and The Hague (1856–1857) * Governor of Dominica (1857–1861) * Governor of Bermuda (1861–1864) * Special Commissioner to West Africa (1864–1867) * Governor of the Strait ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Junk Ceylon
Phuket province, Phuket is the largest island in modern Thailand, locating in Southern Thailand on the western coast in the Andaman Sea. Historically at the fringe of Thai sphere of influence, Phuket has a unique place in Thai history, as its natural maritime wilderness hid lucrative tin resources that attracted both locals and foreigners who competed for control over the island, also a battleground for intensive Burmese–Siamese wars, Burmese–Siamese Wars, later becoming a Hoklo people, Hokkien Chinese labor immigration entrepôt in tin mining industry and eventually a world tourism hub. Historiography Locating on the southern frontier of Thai sphere of influence, far from Thai historical centers such as Ayutthaya Historical Park, Ayutthaya and Bangkok, closer to the Malay Archipelago, Malay archipelago, events in Phuket were rarely recorded by the mainstream official royal Siamese chronicles. Native records about Phuket are scarce and none of them described events prior to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Havildar
Havildar or havaldar ( Hindustani: or (Devanagari), (Perso-Arabic)) is a rank in the Indian and Pakistani armies, equivalent to sergeant. It is not used in cavalry and armoured units, where the equivalent is daffadar. Like a British sergeant, a havildar wears three rank chevrons. History "Havildar" is a Persian word in origin and means "person in charge", or more loosely "chief", from the Arabic ("charge", "responsibility") and the Persian (dâr, "holder"). Historically, a havildar was a senior commander, being in charge of a fort during the times of the Mughal Empire. It was used as the equivalent of a sergeant in the British Indian Army, which has led to its current usage. Appointments Indian Army Havildars could be further appointed to positions of higher authority. The appointments of company quartermaster havildar and company havildar major existed in the British Indian Army. Historically, the two senior-most havildars of a company became the CQMH and the CHM. How ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheval De Frise
The cheval de frise (, plural chevaux de frise ; , plural , "Frisian horses") was a defensive obstacle, existing in a number of forms, principally as a static anti-cavalry obstacle but also quickly movable to close breaches. The term was also applied to underwater constructions used to prevent the passage of ships or other vessels on rivers. In the anti-cavalry role the cheval de frise typically comprised a portable frame (sometimes just a simple log) with many projecting spikes. Wire obstacles ultimately made this type of device obsolete. The invention of the cheval de frise is attributed to ancient China. The concept of using a defensive obstacle made of wooden or metal stakes predates its use in Europe. Historical records suggest that similar types of defensive barriers, known as ''teng pai'' or ''mó pai'', were used in China as early as the 4th century BC. These early versions of the cheval de frise were employed to protect cities, forts, and other strategic locations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
