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1659 Calabria Earthquake
The 1659 Calabria earthquake devastated present-day southern Italy on 5 November. It had an estimated energy magnitude of 6.6. The towns of Filadelfia, Chiaravalle Centrale, Filogaso, Panaia, Polia Antica, San Demetrio Corone and Stefanaconi were assigned X (''Extreme'') on the Mercalli-Cancani-Sieberg scale. The reports of destruction corresponded with a section of the Serre Fault that did not rupture during the next major earthquakes in 1783. This meant the central portion of the Serre Fault is a probably candidate for the earthquake source. The rupture on this fault segment reduced the Coulomb stress, which was sufficient for it to remain unruptured in 1783. The 1659 earthquake affect the region between those affected by earthquakes on 7 February and 28 March 1783. It represents the first major earthquake in a seismic sequence on faults in southern Calabria, with the last major earthquake in 1908. At least 2,035 people died including 496 in Panaija, 203 in Polia, 193 in C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Italy
Southern Italy (, , or , ; ; ), also known as () or (; ; ; ), is a macroregion of Italy consisting of its southern Regions of Italy, regions. The term "" today mostly refers to the regions that are associated with the people, lands or culture of the Historical region, historical and cultural region that was once politically under the administration of the former Kingdoms of Kingdom of Naples, Naples and Kingdom of Sicily, Sicily (officially denominated as one entity and , i.e. "Kingdom of Sicily on the other side of Strait of Messina, the Strait" and "across the Strait") and which later shared a common organization into Italy's largest List of historical states of Italy, pre-unitarian state, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. The island of Sardinia, which was not part of the aforementioned polity and had been under the rule of the Alps, Alpine House of Savoy, which would eventually annex the Bourbons' southern Italian kingdom altogether, is nonetheless often subsumed into the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filadelfia, Calabria
Filadelfia () is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Vibo Valentia in the Italian region Calabria, located about southwest of Catanzaro and about northeast of Vibo Valentia. The city was built in 1783 by the people of Castelmonardo, on land that was from their city that was destroyed by an earthquake. It was named after the city of Philadelphia in the United States. As of 31 December 2013, it had a population of 5,500 and an area of .All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute Istat. The municipality of Filadelfia contains the ''frazioni'' (subdivisions) of Montesoro, Pontenisi, Zagheria, Shiocca, Scarro, Nucarelle, Lucente and many other tiny villages. Filadelfia borders the following municipalities: Curinga, Francavilla Angitola Francavilla Angitola is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Vibo Valentia in the Italian region Calabria, located about southwest of Catanzaro and about northeast of Vibo Valentia. Francavilla Angit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiaravalle Centrale
Chiaravalle Centrale ( Calabrian: ) is a and town in the province of Catanzaro in the Calabria region of southern Italy. Based on the first historical legends, Chiaravalle Centrale dates back to the domination of the Normans and the subsequent occupation, around the year 1075, by Roger I and his successor Roger II Roger II or Roger the Great (, , Greek: Ρογέριος; 22 December 1095 – 26 February 1154) was King of Sicily and Africa, son of Roger I of Sicily and successor to his brother Simon. He began his rule as Count of Sicily in 1105, became ..., around the year 1130. References Cities and towns in Calabria {{Calabria-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filogaso
Filogaso ( Calabrian: ; ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Vibo Valentia in the Italian region Calabria, located about southwest of Catanzaro and about east of Vibo Valentia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,397 and an area of .All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute Istat. Filogaso borders the following municipalities: Capistrano, Maierato, San Nicola da Crissa, Sant'Onofrio, Vallelonga, Vazzano Vazzano is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Vibo Valentia in the Italian region Calabria, located about southwest of Catanzaro and about east of Vibo Valentia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,170 and an area of .All .... Demographic evolution Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8) id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1) id:barra value:rgb(0.6,0.7,0.8) ImageSize = width:455 height:303 PlotArea = left:50 bottom:50 top:30 right:30 DateFormat = x.y Period = from: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polia, Calabria
Polia ( Calabrian: ; ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Vibo Valentia in the Italian region of Calabria. It is located about southwest of Catanzaro and about northeast of Vibo Valentia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,224 and an area of .All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute Istat. Polia's origins date back to 5th, 8th centuries BC when Greek pioneers coming from the Gulf of Squillace, located on the east coast of Calabria facing the Ionian Sea, decided to settle on a valley today known as Jammene (from ) thus permitting to ease goods traffic between Greece and Rome through the Apennine Mountains. Polia borders the following municipalities: Cenadi, Cortale, Filadelfia, Francavilla Angitola, Jacurso, Maierato, Monterosso Calabro and San Vito sullo Ionio San Vito sullo lonio is a ''comune'' and town in the province of Catanzaro located in the valley in Calabria region of Italy Italy, officially the Italia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Demetrio Corone
San Demetrio Corone ( Arbëreshë: ''Shën Mitri'') is a town and municipality in the Calabria region of Italy, at an altitude of 521 meters and with 3,387 inhabitants. The town is among the most important cultural centers of the Albanian communities in Italy and preserves the Albanian language, the Byzantine rites, customs, culture and ethnic identity of its origin. It is home to the Collegio of Sant'Adriano, a boarding school which produced many patriots and theorists/revolutionaries in the Italian Independence wars and is an important religious and cultural organism for the conservation of the oriental rite and of the Albanian traditions. It is part of the district of the Italo-Albanian Church of the Eparchy of Lungro. In the Macchia Albanese hamlet, located at 418 meters above sea level, Girolamo De Rada was born, supreme vate arbëresh, father of modern Albanian literature. For years the music, singing and new sounds of the Albanians of Italy have been grouped here in "The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stefanaconi
Stefanaconi () () is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Vibo Valentia in the Italy, Italian region Calabria, located about southwest of Catanzaro and about east of Vibo Valentia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,477 and an area of .All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute National Institute of Statistics (Italy), Istat. The municipality of Stefanaconi contains the ''frazione'' (subdivision) Morsillara. Stefanaconi borders the following municipalities: Francica, Gerocarne, Pizzoni, Sant'Onofrio, Calabria, Sant'Onofrio, Soriano Calabro, Vazzano, Vibo Valentia. Demographic evolution Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8) id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1) id:barra value:rgb(0.6,0.7,0.8) ImageSize = width:455 height:303 PlotArea = left:50 bottom:50 top:30 right:30 DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:4000 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mercalli-Cancani-Sieberg Scale
The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS) measures the effects of an earthquake at a given location. This is in contrast with the seismic magnitude usually reported for an earthquake. Magnitude scales measure the inherent force or strength of an earthquake — an event occurring at greater or lesser depth. (The "" scale is widely used.) The MMI scale measures intensity of shaking, at any particular location, on the surface. It was developed from Giuseppe Mercalli's Mercalli intensity scale of 1902. While shaking experienced at the surface is caused by the seismic energy released by an earthquake, earthquakes differ in how much of their energy is radiated as seismic waves. They also differ in the depth at which they occur; deeper earthquakes have less interaction with the surface, their energy is spread throughout a larger volume, and the energy reaching the surface is spread across a larger area. Shaking intensity is localised. It generally diminishes with distan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1783 Calabrian Earthquakes
The 1783 Calabrian earthquakes were a sequence of five strong earthquakes that hit the region of Calabria in southern Italy (then part of the Kingdom of Naples), the first two of which produced significant tsunamis. The epicenters form a clear alignment extending nearly 100 km from the Straits of Messina to about 18 km SSW of Catanzaro. The epicenter of the first earthquake occurred in the plain of Palmi. The earthquakes occurred over a period of nearly two months, all with estimated magnitudes of 5.9 or greater. Estimates of the total number of deaths lie in the range 32,000 to 50,000. Tectonic setting The southwestern part of Calabria and the eastern part of Sicily are areas of active crustal extension within the Siculo-Calabrian rift Zone. This 350 km long zone developed within the Apennine chain during the Pleistocene and takes up WNW–ESE directed extension. Events February 5 This earthquake, with an estimated magnitude of 7.0, affected a large ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coulomb Stress Transfer
Coulomb stress transfer is a Seismology, seismic-related geology, geological process of Stress (mechanics), stress changes to surrounding material caused by local discrete deformation events. Using mapped displacements of the Earth's surface during earthquakes, the computed Coulomb stress changes suggest that the stress relieved during an earthquake not only dissipates but can also move up and down Fault (geology), fault segments, concentrating and promoting subsequent tremors. Importantly, Coulomb stress changes have been applied to earthquake-forecasting models that have been used to assess potential Seismic hazard, hazards related to earthquake activity. Coulomb stress change The Mohr–Coulomb theory, Coulomb failure criterion requires that the Coulomb stress exceeds a value σf defined by the shear stress τB, normal stress σB, pore pressure p, and coefficient of friction μ of a failure plane, such that It is also often assumed that changes in pore fluid pressure induced b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catanzaro
Catanzaro (; or ; ), also known as the "City of the two Seas" (), is an Italian city of 86,183 inhabitants (2020), the capital of the Calabria region and of its province and the second most populated comune of the region, behind Reggio Calabria. The archbishop's seat was the capital of the province of Calabria Ultra for over 200 years. It houses the '' Magna Græcia University'', the second-largest university in Calabria. Catanzaro is an urban centre, with much activity, including some coastal towns, such as Sellia Marina and Soverato, and the municipalities of Silas, with a total of 156,196 inhabitants. Catanzaro is being consolidated to form a greater metropolitan area, by the Region of Calabria, and in connection with the town of Lamezia Terme, comprising 10 municipalities. This will lead to the creation of an integrated area involving over 200,000 inhabitants. During the summer months, the Ionian coast from Catanzaro to Soverato is an important tourist attraction, espe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Earthquakes In Italy
This is a list of earthquakes in Italy that had epicentres in Italy, or significantly affected the country. On average every four years an earthquake with a magnitude equal to or greater than 5.5 occurs in Italy. Due to the particular geodynamic situation (convergence of the Eurasian plate with the African plate) the Italian territory is frequently subject to earthquakes, giving it the record in Europe for these phenomena. Out of 1,300 destructive earthquakes that occurred in the 2nd millennium in the central Mediterranean Sea, 500 affected Italy. The analysis of the earthquakes indicates that they are mostly distributed along the areas affected by Alpine and Apennine tectonics, where they are caused by movements along faults. The highest seismicity hazard in Italy has been concentrated in the central-southern part of the peninsula, along the Apennine ridge, in Calabria and Sicily and in some northern areas, like Friuli-Venezia Giulia, part of Veneto and western Liguria. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
