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1658 In Science
The year 1658 in science and technology involved some significant events. Astronomy * ''approx. date'' – Kamalakara compiles his major work, ''Siddhāntatattvaviveka'', in Varanasi. Life sciences * Jan Swammerdam observes red blood cells (in the frog) with the aid of a microscope. * Samuel Volckertzoon observes a quokka on Rottnest Island. Mathematics * Christopher Wren gives the first published proof of the arc length of a cycloid. Publication * Posthumous publication of Arzneibüchlein, pharmacopoeia compiled by Anna von Diesbach family, Diesbach. Births * March 5 – Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac, French people, French explorer (died 1730 in science, 1730) * April 2 - Pierre Pomet, French pharmacist (died 1699 in science, 1699) * April 8 - Georges Mareschal, French surgeon (died 1736 in science, 1736) * ''unknown date'' – Nicolas Andry, French physician (died 1742 in science, 1742) Deaths * January 9 - Pierre-Jean Fabre, French physician and alchemist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French People
French people () are a nation primarily located in Western Europe that share a common Culture of France, French culture, History of France, history, and French language, language, identified with the country of France. The French people, especially the native speakers of langues d'oïl from northern and central France, are primarily descended from Roman people, Romans (or Gallo-Romans, western European Celts, Celtic and Italic peoples), Gauls (including the Belgae), as well as Germanic peoples such as the Franks, the Visigoths, the Suebi and the Burgundians who settled in Gaul from east of the Rhine after the fall of the Roman Empire, as well as various later waves of lower-level irregular migration that have continued to the present day. The Norsemen also settled in Normandy in the 10th century and contributed significantly to the ancestry of the Normans. Furthermore, regional ethnic minorities also exist within France that have distinct lineages, languages and cultures such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1572 In Science
The year 1572 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed here. Astronomy * November 9 – A supernova, now designated as SN 1572, is first observed in the constellation Cassiopeia by Cornelius Gemma. Tycho Brahe, who notes it two days later, will use it to challenge the prevailing view that stars do not change. Cartography * Georg Braun begins publication of his urban atlas ' in Cologne. Mathematics * Imaginary numbers defined by Rafael Bombelli. Medicine * Girolamo Mercuriale of Forlì (Italy) writes the work ' ("On the diseases of the skin"), the first scientific tract on dermatology. Technology * Mathew Baker appointed Master Shipwright to Queen Elizabeth I of England. Births * November 25 - Daniel Sennert, German physician (died 1637) * Johann Bayer, German uranographer (died 1625) * Charles Bouvard, French herbalist (died 1658) * Cornelius Drebbel, Dutch inventor (died 1634) * Bartholomew Gosnold, English explorer and privateer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herbalist
Herbal medicine (also called herbalism, phytomedicine or phytotherapy) is the study of pharmacognosy and the use of medicinal plants, which are a basis of traditional medicine. Scientific evidence for the effectiveness of many herbal treatments remains limited, prompting ongoing regulatory evaluation and research into their safety and efficacy. Standards for purity or dosage are generally not provided. The scope of herbal medicine sometimes includes fungal and bee products, as well as minerals, shells and certain animal parts. Paraherbalism is the pseudoscientific use of plant or animal extracts as medicine, relying on unproven beliefs about the safety and effectiveness of minimally processed natural substances. Herbal medicine has been used since at least the Paleolithic era, with written records from ancient Sumer, Egypt, Greece, China, and India documenting its development and application over millennia. Modern herbal medicine is widely used globally—especially in Asia a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Bouvard
Charles Bouvard (1572 in Montoire– 25 October 1658) was a French chemist and physician. Bouvard served as the physician of France's King Louis XIII (as successor of Jean Héroard) and as the superintendent of the Jardin des Plantes in Paris. Biography Bouvard was himself a son of a physician from his native city who taught him his profession in Bouvard's earliest childhood, yet died when Bouvard was still a small child leaving him an orphan Recognising his skill, he was brought up by Marin Liberge, a professor at the famous university of Angers which was to be his Alma mater and the place where he received his doctor title in 1604. Shortly thereafter he came to Paris where he became a professor at the Collège Royal. Bouvard was known for using his knowledge of plants to create a number of medicines from common ordinary flowers. The flower Bouvard is most closely associated with is the evergreen herb and shrub genus '' Bouvardia''. Bouvard also wrote the ''Historicae Hodiernae Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1588 In Science
The year 1588 in science and technology, Armada year, included a number of events, some of which are listed here. Astronomy * Tycho Brahe publishes ''De mundi aetheri recentioribus phaenomenis'' in Uraniborg. * Giovanni Paolo Gallucci publishes his star atlas ''Theatrum Mundi et Temporis'' (Theater of the world and time). History of science * October 7 – The first biography of Nicolaus Copernicus (died 1543) is completed by Bernardino Baldi. Mathematics * Pietro Cataldi discovers the sixth and seventh Mersenne primes by this year. * Giovanni Antonio Magini is chosen over Galileo to occupy the chair of mathematics at the University of Bologna after the death of Egnatio Danti. * Ferdinando I de Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, appoints Galileo to the professorship of mathematics at the University of Pisa. Medicine * Joachim Camerarius the younger publishes ''Hortus medicus''. * Thomas Muffet publishes ''Nosomantica Hippocratea''. Technology * Agostino Ramelli publishes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre-Jean Fabre
Pierre-Jean Fabre (1588 – 9 January 1658) was a French doctor and alchemist. Born in Castelnaudary, France in 1588, he studied medicine in Montpellier, France. He became a practitioner of the Iatrochemistry, iatrochemical medicine of Paracelsus. Beginning in 1610 he practiced medicine in Castelnaudary. He became famous as a specialist in the Bubonic plague, plague which was Second plague pandemic, particularly severe in central Europe during the Thirty Years' War. Fabre prescribed chemical medications for the treatment of the plague and was at one time the private physician of King Louis XIII of France. Fabre was a practising alchemist, and claimed to have succeeded in the alchemical transmutation of lead into silver on 22 July 1627. He was strongly attracted to mystical aspects of chemistry, drawing parallels between the chemical operations of alchemy and the sacraments of the Christian church, particularly in his ''Alchymista Christianus'' (1632). Fabre died in Castelnaudary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1742 In Science
The year 1742 in science and technology involved some significant events. Astronomy * January 14 – Death of Edmond Halley; James Bradley succeeds him as Astronomer Royal in Great Britain. Mathematics * June – Christian Goldbach produces Goldbach's conjecture. * Colin Maclaurin publishes his ''Treatise on Fluxions'' in Great Britain, the first systematic exposition of Newton's methods. Metrology * Anders Celsius publishes his proposal for a centigrade temperature scale originated in 1741. Physiology and medicine * Surgeon Joseph Hurlock publishes his ''A Practical Treatise upon Dentition, or The breeding of teeth in children'' in London, the first treatise in English on dentition. Technology * Benjamin Robins publishes his ''New Principles of Gunnery, containing the determination of the force of gun-powder and an investigation of the difference in the resisting power of the air to swift and slow motions'' in London, containing a description of his ballistic pendulum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physician
A physician, medical practitioner (British English), medical doctor, or simply doctor is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through the Medical education, study, Medical diagnosis, diagnosis, prognosis and therapy, treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments. Physicians may focus their practice on certain disease categories, types of patients, and methods of treatment—known as Specialty (medicine), specialities—or they may assume responsibility for the provision of continuing and comprehensive medical care to individuals, families, and communities—known as general practitioner, general practice. Medical practice properly requires both a detailed knowledge of the Discipline (academia), academic disciplines, such as anatomy and physiology, pathophysiology, underlying diseases, and their treatment, which is the science of medicine, and a decent Competence (human resources ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolas Andry
Nicolas Andry de Bois-Regard (1658 – 13 May 1742) was a French physician and writer. He played a significant role in the early history of both parasitology and orthopedics, the name for which is taken from Andry's book ''Orthopédie''. Early life and career Andry was born in Lyon, and spent his early life preparing for the priesthood. His early studies were widespread, however, and he published a book on the usage of the French language in 1692. In his 30s he studied medicine at Reims and Paris, receiving his degree in 1697, and in 1701 he was appointed to the faculty of the Collège de France and the editorial board of the ''Journal des sçavans, Journal des savants''. Worms Andry's early medical work lies within the nascent germ theory of disease. His first book, ''De la génération des vers dans les corps de l'homme'', was published in 1700, and translated into English in 1701 as ''An Account of the Breeding of Worms in Human Bodies''. The book was an account of Andry's exp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1736 In Science
The year 1736 in science and technology involved some significant events. Botany * Charles Marie de La Condamine, with François Fresneau Gataudière, makes the first scientific observations of rubber, in Ecuador. Earth sciences * June 19 – French Academy of Sciences expedition led by Pierre Louis Maupertuis, with Anders Celsius, begins work on measuring a meridian arc in the Torne Valley of Finland. Mathematics * June 8 – Leonhard Euler writes to James Stirling describing the Euler–Maclaurin formula, providing a connection between integrals and calculus. * Euler produces the first ''published'' proof of Fermat's "little theorem". * Sir Isaac Newton's ''Method of Fluxions'' (1671), describing his method of differential calculus, is first published (posthumously) and Thomas Bayes publishes a defense of its logical foundations against the criticism of George Berkeley (anonymously). Medicine * Early 1736 – The “Publick Workhouse and House of Correction” that is to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georges Mareschal
Georges Mareschal (8 April 1658, Calais – 13 December 1736, Château de Bièvres) was a French surgeon. In 1707 he was ennobled, and was known as Georges Mareschal, seigneur de Bièvre. He was the son of John Marshall, an Irish gentleman who was knighted in 1643 for his service during the Battle of Rocroi. In 1677, Mareschal moved to Paris, where he worked as a surgical assistant. From 1684 onward, he worked at the Hôpital de la Charité, where in 1688, he became master surgeon, later earning the title of chief surgeon (1692). He was first surgeon to Louis XIV, even caring for him on his deathbed, and then to Louis XV Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reached maturity (then defi .... In 1723 he was awarded the '' Ordre de Saint-Michel'' for successfully treating the Infanta of Spain. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
