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1583 Assembly Of Notables
The 1583 Assembly of Notables (French: Assemblée des notables de 1583) was a gathering of much of the political elite of the kingdom of France in addition to financial and technical experts in administration. The meeting hoped to reform France's shaky financial situation. Efforts towards the financial reform of the kingdom had been a feature of the reign of Henri III of France, king Henri III since the Estates General of 1576. The crown was in a great amount of debt, and the royal taxes were increasingly insufferable to the French people. In the Ordonnance de Blois (1579), Grand Ordonnance de Blois issued in 1579, which summarised many of the requests of the Estates General, a large number of financial reforms were put forward. However, Henri was forced to turn to various expedients due to the financial demands of first the civil wars, then his brother François, Duke of Anjou, the duc d'Alençon's military exploits in Nederland and then the needs to pay off the foreign mercenaries ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre De Villars
Pierre de Villars (1623, Paris - 20 March 1698, Paris), known by courtesy as the Marquis de Villars, was a French diplomat and Councillor of State. He was the son of Claude de Villars, mestre de camp and gentleman of the King's bedchamber, and of his wife Charlotte Louvet de Nogaret-Calvisson, and grandson of René of Savoy, known as the Bastard of Savoy (''Bâtard de Savoie''), and thus (illegitimately) the great-grandson of Philip II, Duke of Savoy. He was married to Marie Gigault de Bellefonds and they had two sons, Armand (died 1712) and Claude-Louis-Hector (1653–1734) who inherited his father's title, Marquis de Villars. Between 1679 and 1681, Villers and his wife were assigned to the royal court in Madrid to represent French King Louis XIV to Spanish King Charles II and his new French-born wife: Marie Louise d'Orléans, the young and beautiful niece of Louis XIV. References Sources * Ferdinand Hoefer Jean Chrétien Ferdinand Hoefer (German: ''Ferdinand Höfe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Château De Saint-Germain-en-Laye
The Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye () is a former royal palace in the commune of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, in the ''département'' of Yvelines, about 19 km west of Paris, France. Today, it houses the ''musée d'Archéologie nationale'' (National Museum of Archaeology). History 12th–13th centuries The first castle, named the ''Grand Châtelet'', was built on the site by Louis VI in 1124. The castle was expanded by Louis IX in the 1230s. Louis IX's chapelle Saint Louis at the castle belongs to the Rayonnant phase of French Gothic architecture. A 1238 charter of Louis IX instituting a regular religious service at the chapel is the first mention of a chapel having been built at the royal castle. This was a ''Sainte Chapelle'', to house a relic of the Crown of Thorns or the True Cross. Its plan and architecture prefigure the major Sainte-Chapelle which Saint Louis built within the Palais de la Cité at Paris between 1240 and 1248. Both buildings were built by Lou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catherine De Medici
Catherine de' Medici ( it, Caterina de' Medici, ; french: Catherine de Médicis, ; 13 April 1519 – 5 January 1589) was an Florentine noblewoman born into the Medici family. She was Queen of France from 1547 to 1559 by marriage to King Henry II and the mother of French Kings Francis II, Charles IX, and Henry III. The years during which her sons reigned have been called "the age of Catherine de' Medici" since she had extensive, if at times varying, influence in the political life of France. Catherine was born in Florence to Lorenzo de' Medici, Duke of Urbino, and Madeleine de La Tour d'Auvergne. In 1533, at the age of 14, Catherine married Henry, the second son of King Francis I and Queen Claude of France. Catherine's marriage was arranged by her uncle Pope Clement VII. Henry excluded Catherine from participating in state affairs and instead showered favours on his chief mistress, Diane de Poitiers, who wielded much influence over him. Henry's death in 1559 thrus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacques Amyot
Jacques Amyot (; 30 October 15136 February 1593), French Renaissance bishop, scholar, writer and translator, was born of poor parents, at Melun. Biography Amyot found his way to the University of Paris, where he supported himself by serving some of the richer students. He was nineteen when he became M.A. at Paris, and later he graduated doctor of civil law at Bourges. Through Jacques Colure (or Colin), abbot of St. Ambrose in Bourges, he obtained a tutorship in the family of a secretary of state. By the secretary he was recommended to Margaret of France, Duchess of Berry, and through her influence was made professor of Greek and Latin at Bourges. Here he translated the ''Æthiopica'' of Heliodorus (1547), for which he was rewarded by Francis I with the abbey of Bellozane. Endnotes: * Edition of the works of Amyot from the firm of Didot (25 vols, 1818–1821) * Auguste de Blignières, ''Essai sur Amyot et les traducteurs français au xvie siècle'' (Paris, 1851) He was thus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giovanni Battista Castelli
Giovanni Battista Castello (1500 or 1509–1569 or 1579) was an Italian historical painter. Born in Gandino near Bergamo, he is ordinarily termed Il Bergamasco to distinguish him from the other painter (of miniatures) with the identical name from school of Genoa. His best-known works are the paintings on the vault of the Basilica della Santissima Annunziata del Vastato. - Catholic Encyclopedia article He was an architect and sculptor as well as painter. When young, he apprenticed with |
Roma (city)
, established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus ( legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption = The territory of the ''comune'' (''Roma Capitale'', in red) inside the Metropolitan City of Rome (''Città Metropolitana di Roma'', in yellow). The white spot in the centre is Vatican City. , pushpin_map = Italy#Europe , pushpin_map_caption = Location within Italy##Location within Europe , pushpin_relief = yes , coordinates = , coor_pinpoint = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Italy , subdivision_type2 = Region , subdivision_name2 = Lazio , subdivision_type3 = Metropolitan city , subdivision_name3 = Rome Capital , government_footnotes= , government_type = Strong Mayor–Council , leader_title2 = Legislature , leader_name2 = Capitoline Assemb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope Gregory XIII
Pope Gregory XIII ( la, Gregorius XIII; it, Gregorio XIII; 7 January 1502 – 10 April 1585), born Ugo Boncompagni, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 13 May 1572 to his death in April 1585. He is best known for commissioning and being the namesake for the Gregorian calendar, which remains the internationally accepted civil calendar to this day. Early biography Youth Ugo Boncompagni was born the son of Cristoforo Boncompagni (10 July 1470 – 1546) and of his wife Angela Marescalchi in Bologna, where he studied law and graduated in 1530. He later taught jurisprudence for some years, and his students included notable figures such as Cardinals Alexander Farnese, Reginald Pole and Charles Borromeo. He had an illegitimate son after an affair with Maddalena Fulchini, Giacomo Boncompagni, but before he took holy orders, making him the last Pope to have left issue. Career before papacy At the age of 36 he was summoned to Rome by Pope Paul III ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jules Gassot
Jules is the French form of the Latin "Julius" (e.g. Jules César, the French name for Julius Caesar). It is the given name of: People with the name *Jules Aarons (1921–2008), American space physicist and photographer *Jules Abadie (1876–1953), French politician and surgeon *Jules Accorsi (born 1937), French football player and manager *Jules Adenis (1823–1900), French playwright and opera librettist *Jules Adler 1865–1952), French painter *Jules Asner (born 1968), American television personality * Jules Aimé Battandier (1848–1922), French botanist *Jules Bernard (born 2000), American basketball player *Jules Bianchi (1989–2015), French Formula One driver *Jules Breton (1827–1906), French Realist painter *Jules-André Brillant (1888–1973), Canadian entrepreneur *Jules Brunet (1838–1911), French Army general *Jules Charles-Roux (1841–1918), French businessman and politician *Jules Dewaquez (1899–1971), French footballer *Jules Marie Alphonse Jacques de Dixm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antoine De Pons
Antoine de Pons, Count of Marennes (1510-1580) was hereditary sire of Pons, near Saintes in Charente-Maritime with 250 noble fiefdoms and 52 parishes. He was Count of Marennes, baron of island of Oléron (Ile d'Oléron), and had other lands in France. He was the governor of Saintonge and Saintes. Saintonge was an isolated area and fitting for de Pon's rustic Huguenot court. Huguenot refugees came to the area. It became a religious and artsistic center, where heresy was common about 1560. De Pons was a French military and political royal agent who was often at the court of Ferrara in Italy. His marriage to Anne de Parthenay resulted in the strengthening the couple's prestige and influence, due to their wealth, humanism, and religion. Early life Antoine de Pons was born in 1510, born into an aristocractic family of Pons, Charente-Maritime. Marriage Pons married Anne de Parthenay in 1534. Their marriage united the Pons family with Michelle de Saubonne and Jean de Parthenay-L' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippe De Lenoncourt
Philippe de Lenoncourt (born 1527 in the Coupvray Castle; died on December 13, 1592 in Rome, Papal States) was a French cardinal of the Catholic Church. Biography Philippe de Lenoncourt was elected bishop of Châlons in 1550 as the successor to his uncle Robert de Lenoncourt. He was commendatory abbot of Saint-Martin of Épernay, Rabais and Oigny. In 1560 he was transferred to the diocese of Auxerre. His family was an ally of the Dinteville,, vol. 1 of whom two members, namely François de Dinteville (1513–1530) and François de Dinteville II (1530–1554) had preceded Robert de Lenoncourt to the bishopric of Auxerre. On December 31, 1578, he was made a Knight of the Order of the Holy Spirit. He was created a cardinal by Pope Sixtus V during the November 16, 1586 consistory. He was prefect of the Congregation of the Index in 1588. Cardinal Lenoncourt took part to the conclaves of 1590 (election of Popes Urban VII and Gregory XIV), 1591 (election of Pope Innocent IV) and 1592 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolas Potier
Nicolas or Nicolás may refer to: People Given name * Nicolas (given name) Mononym * Nicolas (footballer, born 1999), Brazilian footballer * Nicolas (footballer, born 2000), Brazilian footballer Surname Nicolas * Dafydd Nicolas (c.1705–1774), Welsh poet * Jean Nicolas (1913–1978), French international football player * Nicholas Harris Nicolas (1799–1848), English antiquary * Paul Nicolas (1899–1959), French international football player * Robert Nicolas (1595–1667), English politician Nicolás * Adolfo Nicolás (1936–2020), Superior General of the Society of Jesus * Eduardo Nicolás (born 1972), Spanish former professional tennis player Other uses * Nicolas (wine retailer), a French chain of wine retailers * ''Le Petit Nicolas'', a series of children's books by René Goscinny See also * San Nicolás (other) * Nicholas (other) * Nicola (other) * Nikola Nikola () is a given name which, like Nicholas, is a version of the Greek '' Nikolaos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
