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1563 In Science
The year 1563 in science and technology included a number of events, some of which are listed here. Medicine and physiology * June–October – Outbreak of bubonic plague in London kills over 20,000. * Bartolomeo Eustachi publishes ''De Renibus'' (including his discovery of the adrenal glands) and ''Libellus De Dentibus'' (in Venice), a pioneering text on dentition. * Garcia de Orta publishes ''Colóquios dos simples e drogas da India'' in Goa, the first text in a Western language on tropical medicine and drugs, including a classic description of cholera. * Felix Würtz publishes his critical treatise on surgery, ''Praktika der Wundartzney'', in Basel. Publications * ''prob. date'' – Bernardino Telesio – ''De Rerum Natura Iuxta Propria Principia''. Births * October 14 – Jodocus Hondius, Flemish cartographer (died 1612) * Louise Bourgeois Boursier, French Royal midwife (died 1638) * Yi Su-gwang, Korean scholar-bureaucrat (died 1628) * Walter Warner, English scientist ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flemish People
Flemish people or Flemings ( ) are a Germanic peoples, Germanic ethnic group native to Flanders, Belgium, who speak Flemish Dutch. Flemish people make up the majority of Belgians, at about 60%. ''Flemish'' was historically a geographical term, as all inhabitants of the medieval County of Flanders in modern-day Belgium, France and the Netherlands were referred to as "Flemings" irrespective of their ethnicity or language. The contemporary region of Flanders comprises a part of this historical county, as well as parts of the medieval Duchy of Brabant and the medieval County of Loon, where the modern national identity and Flemish culture, culture gradually formed. History The sense of "Flemish" identity increased significantly after the Belgian Revolution. Prior to this, the term "" in the Dutch language was in first place used for the inhabitants of the former County of Flanders. Flemish, however, had been used since the 14th century to refer to the language and dialects of both ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1643 In Science
The year 1643 in science and technology involved some significant events. Exploration * January 21 – Abel Tasman discovers the Tonga archipelago. * December 25 – Captain William Mynors of the British East India Company discovers Christmas Island. Meteorology * Evangelista Torricelli invents the mercury barometer. Births * January 4 ( NS) – Isaac Newton, English physicist (died 1727) * Jean de Fontaney, French Jesuit mathematician and astronomer (died 1710) * Pierre Dionis, French surgeon and anatomist (died 1718) Deaths * April 9 – Benedetto Castelli, Italian mathematician (born 1578) * November 3 ** John Bainbridge, English astronomer (born 1582) ** Paul Guldin, Swiss mathematician and astronomer (born 1577) * Sophia Brahe, Danish astronomer (born 1556) * Gasparo Berti, Italian mathematician, astronomer and physicist (born c. 1600) * Walter Warner, English scientist (born 1563 Year 1563 ( MDLXIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
English People
The English people are an ethnic group and nation native to England, who speak the English language in England, English language, a West Germanic languages, West Germanic language, and share a common ancestry, history, and culture. The English identity began with the History of Anglo-Saxon England, Anglo-Saxons, when they were known as the , meaning "Angle kin" or "English people". Their ethnonym is derived from the Angles (tribe), Angles, one of the Germanic peoples who invaded Great Britain, Britain around the 5th century AD. The English largely descend from two main historical population groups: the West Germanic tribes, including the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes who settled in England and Wales, Southern Britain following the withdrawal of the Ancient Rome, Romans, and the Romano-British culture, partially Romanised Celtic Britons who already lived there.Martiniano, R., Caffell, A., Holst, M. et al. "Genomic signals of migration and continuity in Britain before the Anglo-Sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter Warner
Walter Warner (1563–1643) was an English mathematician and scientist. Life He was born in Leicestershire and educated at Merton College, Oxford, graduating B.A. in 1578. Andrew Pyle (editor), ''Dictionary of Seventeenth Century British Philosophers'' (2000), article Warner, pp. 858–86 See also Jan Prins: Walter Warner (ca. 1557-1643) and his notes on Animal Organisms. Dissertation, Utrecht University, 1992/ref> At the end of the sixteenth century he belonged to the circle round Henry Percy, 9th Earl of Northumberland, the 'Wizard Earl'. The Earl's ‘three magi’ were Warner, Thomas Harriot and Robert Hues. Percy paid Warner a retainer to help him with alchemical experiments (£20 per annum in 1595, rising to £40 in 1607). He also belonged to the overlapping group around Sir Walter Ralegh. At this time he was mainly known for chemical and medical interests. It has been argued by Jean Jacquot that this group of experimental researchers, sponsored by Percy and Rale ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1628 In Science
The year 1628 in science and technology involved some significant events. Medicine and physiology * William Harvey publishes his findings about blood circulation in ''Exercitatio Anatomica de Motu Cordis et Sanguinis in Animalibus'' (published in Frankfurt). Births * March 10 – Marcello Malpighi, Italian physiologist (died 1694) * April 23 – Johann van Waveren Hudde, Dutch mathematician (died 1704) * Constantijn Huygens, Dutch statesman and telescope maker (died 1697) Deaths * June 8 – Rudolph Goclenius, German philosopher and polymath (born 1547) * Yi Su-gwang, Korean scholar-bureaucrat (born 1563 Year 1563 ( MDLXIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 2 (January 2, 1562 O.S., January 11, 1563 N.S.) – The convocation of bishops and clerics of the Church of Engla ...) References {{Reflist 17th century in science 1620s in science ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scholar-bureaucrat
The scholar-officials, also known as literati, scholar-gentlemen or scholar-bureaucrats (), were government officials and prestigious scholars in Chinese society, forming a distinct social class. Scholar-officials were politicians and government officials appointed by the emperor of China to perform day-to-day political duties from the Han dynasty to the end of the Qing dynasty in 1912, China's last imperial dynasty. After the Sui dynasty these officials mostly came from the Landed gentry in China, scholar-gentry (紳士 ''shēnshì'') who had earned academic degrees (such as ''xiucai'', ''juren'', or ''Jinshi (imperial examination), jinshi'') by passing the imperial examinations. Scholar-officials were the elite class of imperial China. They were highly educated, especially in literature and the arts, including calligraphy and Confucianism, Confucian texts. They dominated the government administration and local life of China until the early 20th century. Origins and formations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Korea
Korea is a peninsular region in East Asia consisting of the Korean Peninsula, Jeju Island, and smaller islands. Since the end of World War II in 1945, it has been politically Division of Korea, divided at or near the 38th parallel north, 38th parallel between North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea; DPRK) and South Korea (Republic of Korea; ROK). Both countries proclaimed independence in 1948, and the two countries fought the Korean War from 1950 to 1953. The region is bordered by China to the north and Russia to the northeast, across the Yalu River, Amnok (Yalu) and Tumen River, Duman (Tumen) rivers, and is separated from Japan to the southeast by the Korea Strait. Known human habitation of the Korean peninsula dates to 40,000 BC. The kingdom of Gojoseon, which according to tradition was founded in 2333 BC, fell to the Han dynasty in 108 BC. It was followed by the Three Kingdoms of Korea, Three Kingdoms period, in which Korea was divided into Goguryeo, Baekje, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yi Su-gwang
Yi Sugwang (; 1563–1628), also known as Lee Soo-kwang, was a Korean sarim, a military official, and a diplomat of the Joseon period. He was also an academic and an encyclopedist who compiled the '' Jibong Yuseol,'' the earliest Korean encyclopedia. Early life Yi Sugwang was born to a wealthy, aristocratic family in 1563, and was offered the finest education his parents could afford. In 1585, he passed the civil service exam and became a military officer. Military career In the wake of Seven-Year War, he was stationed in Jogyeong, Gyeongsang province, where he was given command of a small army contingent. He encountered a Japanese expeditionary contingent in Yongin, Gyeonggi province and lost. His superiors restationed him in Uiju, Hamgyong province, where he encountered more Japanese forces. His actions during this period were sufficiently successful for him to be promoted. In 1614, he would write about his military experience, noting that the Joseon forces had "too many ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1636 In Science
The year 1636 in science and technology involved some significant events. Mathematics * Pierre de Fermat begins to circulate his work in analytic geometry in manuscript. * Muhammad Baqir Yazdi and René Descartes independently discover the pair of amicable numbers 9,363,584 and 9,437,056. Physics * Marin Mersenne publishes his '' Traité de l'harmonie universelle'', containing Mersenne's laws describing the frequency of oscillation of a stretched string. Publications * Daniel Schwenter publishes ''Delicia Physic-Mathematicae'', including a description of a quill pen with an ink reservoir. Births * Father Jacques Marquette, French explorer (died 1675) * December 26 – Justine Siegemund, German midwife (died 1705) Deaths * February 22 – Sanctorius, Italian physiologist (born 1561) * Louise Bourgeois Boursier, French Royal midwife (born 1563) * Michal Sedziwój, Polish alchemist (born 1566 __NOTOC__ Year 1566 (Roman numerals, MDLXVI) was a common year starting ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Midwifery
Midwifery is the health science and health profession that deals with pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period (including care of the newborn), in addition to the sexual and reproductive health of women throughout their lives. In many countries, midwifery is a medical profession (special for its independent and direct specialized education; should not be confused with the medical specialty, which depends on a previous general training). A professional in midwifery is known as a midwife. A 2013 Cochrane review concluded that "most women should be offered midwifery-led continuity models of care and women should be encouraged to ask for this option although caution should be exercised in applying this advice to women with substantial medical or obstetric complications." The review found that midwifery-led care was associated with a reduction in the use of epidurals, with fewer episiotomies or instrumental births, and a decreased risk of losing the baby before 24 weeks' gesta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French People
French people () are a nation primarily located in Western Europe that share a common Culture of France, French culture, History of France, history, and French language, language, identified with the country of France. The French people, especially the native speakers of langues d'oïl from northern and central France, are primarily descended from Roman people, Romans (or Gallo-Romans, western European Celts, Celtic and Italic peoples), Gauls (including the Belgae), as well as Germanic peoples such as the Franks, the Visigoths, the Suebi and the Burgundians who settled in Gaul from east of the Rhine after the fall of the Roman Empire, as well as various later waves of lower-level irregular migration that have continued to the present day. The Norsemen also settled in Normandy in the 10th century and contributed significantly to the ancestry of the Normans. Furthermore, regional ethnic minorities also exist within France that have distinct lineages, languages and cultures such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
