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1441
Events January–March * January 20 – The siege of Tartas in France is temporarily halted when Charles II of Albret, against whom residents of Gascony are campaigning, and the commander of the English forces, Sir Thomas Rempston, agree to a three-month truce. * February 7 – Luchuan–Pingmian campaigns: In Ming dynasty China, the Vice Minister of Justice, He Wenyuan, petitions the Imperial Court not to make a second punitive campaign against the kingdom of Möng Mao and its ruler, Si Renfa, arguing that the nation's resources should not be wasted on worthless land. The Minister of War, Wang Ji, joins with General Mu Ang in arguing that Si Renfa should be stopped before he conquers more territory. The Emperor authorizes the second campaign. * February 12 – King's College, Cambridge, is founded by King Henry VI of England. * February 24 – The Republic of Venice annexes the seigniory of Ravenna, ending the da Polenta Dynasty. * February 25 – Elizabeth of Lu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Tartas
The siege of Tartas (31 August 1440 – 24 June 1442) in Gascony was an engagement between English and French forces in the late stages of the Hundred Years' War. It was undertaken by English forces and their Gascon subjects against Charles II of Albret, a powerful nobleman in southwestern France. Albret was hostile to the English and his presence in Gascony caused much trouble to the English in the region, thereby raising the need to strike against him. The bulk of hostilities only lasted up until early 1441: the siege had dragged on inconclusively, and peace terms were agreed between the attackers and defenders. The ceasefire was extended several times until mid-1442 as both sides awaited further support from England and France. The conduct of this affair became an important subject as one of the arrangements concluded in 1441 stated that Albret had to switch his allegiance if his suzerain, Charles VII of France, failed to aid him against his enemies. This had in fact ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luchuan–Pingmian Campaigns
The Luchuan–Pingmian campaigns () (1436–49) were punitive expeditions carried out by the Ming dynasty under the rule of the Emperor Yingzong of Ming, Emperor Yingzong against the Shan people, Shan-led Möng Mao, State of Möng Mao near the frontier with the Kingdom of Ava. Möng Mao, called Luchuan–Pingmian by the Ming, was a Chinese military and civilian pacification commission (a ''tusi'') on the Sino–Burmese border, corresponding roughly to the modern districts of Longchuan County, Yunnan, Longchuan and Ruili, including part of the Gaoligong Mountains, along the upper reaches of the Shweli River. Background A year after the Dao Ganmeng rebellion of 1398, the tusi Si Lunfa died and a new generation of elites rose to power in Möng Mao. His son Si Xingfa, together with Dao Hun and Dao Cuan, conducted short lived raids on Ming territory before military retaliation by the Yunnan guard put a stop to that. The territory of Möng Mao was partitioned into five new administ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Samobor
The Battle of Samobor (; Slovenian: ''Celjsko-Ogrska Vojna'') was fought on March 1, 1441, between the forces of Ulrich II of Celje and Stjepan Banić near the town of Samobor, in what was then the Kingdom of Slavonia within the Kingdom of Hungary. In a struggle for succession to the Crown of St. Stephen, Banić was allied to Vladislaus III of Varna, while Ulrich II supported Ladislas the Posthumous's eventual right to the throne. Ulrich II's forces were commanded by the Celian–Czech mercenary Jan Vitovec. They were ultimately victorious, taking Banić prisoner after the battle. However, the infant Ladislas' mother, Elisabeth of Bohemia, died the following year, forcing Ulrich II to recognize Vladislaus III as king as well as release all prisoners. Vladislaus III died soon after in the Battle of Varna against the Ottoman Empire. On March 1, 2006, the 565th anniversary of the battle, the city of Samobor hosted a large reenactment of the event. References Battle of S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King's College, Cambridge
King's College, formally The King's College of Our Lady and Saint Nicholas in Cambridge, is a List of colleges of the University of Cambridge, constituent college of the University of Cambridge. The college lies beside the River Cam and faces out onto King's Parade in the centre of the city. King's was founded in 1441 by King Henry VI of England, Henry VI soon after founding its sister institution, Eton College. Initially, King's accepted only students from Eton College. However, the king's plans for King's College were disrupted by the Wars of the Roses and the resultant scarcity of funds, and then his eventual deposition. Little progress was made on the project until 1508, when King Henry VII of England, Henry VII began to take an interest in the college, probably as a political move to legitimise his new position. The building of the college's chapel began in 1446, and was finished in 1544 during the reign of Henry VIII. King's College Chapel, Cambridge, King's College Chap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Rempston (died 1458)
Sir Thomas Rempston II (or Rampston) (bef. 1392 – 15 October 1458) was a medieval English soldier, landowner, and a leading military commander during the Hundred Years' War in France. He dedicated his career, as his father had done before him, to the service of the House of Lancaster, the ruling dynasty of England. Much of the Rempston family's fortunes were in fact owed to this. However, several ransoms contracted by Sir Thomas while campaigning in France, coupled with the fact that his long-living mother held many of his estates in dower, meant that he had to endure several financial difficulties for much of his life. Family Thomas was the son of Sir Thomas Rempston by his wife Margaret, daughter of Sir Simon Leeke. The Rempston family was an ancient Nottinghamshire family seated at Rempstone, since as early as the reign of Henry III of England. Life account In 1413 and again in 1416 he represented Nottinghamshire in parliament. Rempston at this time was impoverished ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulrich II, Count Of Celje
Ulrich II, or Ulrich of Celje (; ; ; 16 February 14069 November 1456), was the last Princely Count of Celje. At the time of his death, he was captain general and '' de facto'' regent of Hungary, '' ban'' (governor) of Slavonia, Croatia and Dalmatia and feudal lord of vast areas in present-day Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia, Austria, and Slovakia. He was also a claimant to the Kingdom of Bosnia, Bosnian throne. He was killed by agents of the Hunyadi family, Hunyadi clan under unknown circumstances, which plunged Hungary into civil unrest that was resolved a year later by the sudden death of king Ladislas the Posthumous and the election of Matthias Corvinus, the son of John Hunyadi and Ulrich's son-in-law, as king. Ulrich's possessions in the Holy Roman Empire were inherited by Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor, Emperor Frederick III, while his possessions in Hungary were reverted to the crown. Biography Ulrich II was the son of Count Frederick II, Count of Celje, Frederick II of Cel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry VI Of England
Henry VI (6 December 1421 – 21 May 1471) was King of England from 1422 to 1461 and 1470 to 1471, and English claims to the French throne, disputed King of France from 1422 to 1453. The only child of Henry V of England, Henry V, he succeeded to the Throne of England, English throne at the age of eight months, upon his father's death, and to the List of French monarchs, French throne on the death of his maternal grandfather, Charles VI of France, Charles VI, shortly afterwards. Henry was born during the Hundred Years' War (1337–1453), he is the only English monarch to have been crowned King of France, following his coronation at Notre-Dame de Paris in 1431 as Henry II. His early reign, when England was ruled by a Regency government, 1422–1437, regency government, saw the pinnacle of English power in Kingdom of France, France. However, setbacks followed once he assumed full control in 1437. The young king faced military reversals in France, as well as political and financia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Władysław III Of Poland
Władysław III of Poland (31 October 1424 – 10 November 1444), also known as Ladislaus of Varna, was King of Poland and Union of Horodło, Supreme Duke of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from 1434 as well as King of Hungary and List of dukes and kings of Croatia, Croatia from 1440 until his death at the Battle of Varna. He was the eldest son of Władysław II Jagiełło (Jogaila) and the Lithuanian noblewoman Sophia of Halshany. Władysław's succeeded his father shortly before turning ten in 1434 and was, therefore, deemed unfit to rule until coming of age. Cardinal Zbigniew Oleśnicki (cardinal), Zbigniew Oleśnicki acted as regent and a temporary ''provisores'' council executed power in the king's name. However, Władysław's legitimacy to the crown was contested by Lesser Poland, Lesser Polish nobles favouring the candidacy of Siemowit V of Masovia, who was of Piast dynasty, Piast lineage. In the aftermath of the coronation, Spytko III of Melsztyn accused Oleśnicki, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gozzoli Magi
Benozzo Gozzoli (; born Benozzo di Lese; 4 October 1497) was an Italian Renaissance painter from Florence. A pupil of Fra Angelico, Gozzoli is best known for a series of murals in the Magi Chapel of the Palazzo Medici-Riccardi, depicting festive, vibrant processions with fine attention to detail and a pronounced International Gothic influence. The chapel's fresco cycle reveals a new Renaissance interest in nature with its realistic depiction of landscapes and vivid human portraits. Gozzoli is considered one of the most prolific fresco painters of his generation. While he was mainly active in Tuscany, he also worked in Umbria and Rome.Ailsa Turner. "Gozzoli, Benozzo." Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online. Oxford University Press. Web. 7 June 2016 Biography Apprenticeship Gozzoli was born Benozzo di Lese, son of a tailor, in the village of Sant'Ilario a Colombano around 1421. His family moved to nearby Florence in 1427. According to the 16th century Italian biographer Giorgio Vasari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ravenna
Ravenna ( ; , also ; ) is the capital city of the Province of Ravenna, in the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy. It was the capital city of the Western Roman Empire during the 5th century until its Fall of Rome, collapse in 476, after which it served as the capital of the Ostrogothic Kingdom and then the Byzantine Exarchate of Ravenna. It has 156,444 inhabitants as of 2025.Initially settled by the Umbri people, Ravenna came under Roman Republic control in 89 BC. Augustus, Octavian built the military harbor of Classe, ancient port of Ravenna, Classis at Ravenna, and the city remained an important seaport on the Adriatic Sea, Adriatic until the early Middle Ages. The city prospered under imperial rule. In 401, Western Roman emperor Honorius (emperor), Honorius moved his court from Mediolanum to Ravenna; it then served as capital of the empire for most of the 5th century. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Ravenna became the capital of Odoacer until he was defeated by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Möng Mao
Möng Mao Lông, commonly known as Möng Mao; Also rendered into English as the Möng Mao kingdom, Maw Shan kingdom, or Mäng Maaw. or Luchuan ( 麓川) in Chinese sources, was a Tai dynastic regime which held sway over the frontier regions of modern-day Myanmar, China and India from the 14th–15th centuries. It grew out of a small principality, centered on the Nam Mao (Ruili) river basin, which had previously been a vassal state of the Yuan dynasty. Names Möng Mao Lông (; ) is a Tai Nuea and Shan language name, which means "Great Muang Mao". The " Möng" means country or place. The "Mao" (ᥛᥣᥝᥰ) was evolved from "dizzy" (ᥛᥝᥰ), it is because the mother of legendary king Chao U Ting felt dizzy when she was brought to the sky by a bird. The name "Möng Mao" is still used nowadays, as the official Tai Nuea name of Ruili City (ᥝᥥᥒᥰ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥛᥣᥝᥰ). Alternatively, "Mao" derives from the Shan name of the Nam Mao ( Ruili River). Mong Mao also adop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Da Polenta Family
The da Polenta family () or Polentani () was an old Italian nobility, Italian noble family whose name derives from the Castle of Polenta near Bertinoro in Romagna. History The founder of the house is said to have been Guido I da Polenta, Guido, surnamed "l'Antico" (the Elder), who wielded great authority in Ravenna in the 13th century. His grandson Guido II da Polenta, Guido Novello upheld the power of the house and was also ''capitano del popolo'' at Bologna; he was overthrown in 1322. His chief claim to renown lies in the fact that in 1321 he gave hospitality to the poet Dante Alighieri, Dante, who immortalized the tragic history of Guido the Elder's daughter Francesca da Rimini, unhappily married to Giovanni Malatesta, lord of Rimini, in an episode of ''Divine Comedy#Inferno, L'Inferno''. Guido's kinsman Ostasio I da Polenta, Ostasio I was lord of Cervia and Ravenna from 1322 to 1329. After being recognized as a vassal of the Holy See, he again became independent and went ov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
