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1280s In England
Events from the 1280s in England. Incumbents *Monarch – Edward I Events * 1280 ** University College, Oxford receives statutes. * 1281 ** Establishment of Rewley Abbey, Oxford, and Appleby Friary. ** The Council of Lambeth issues the decree ''Ignorantia sacerdotum'' lays down the duties of parish priests to teach the laity in religious matters. ** * 1282 ** 21 March – Dafydd ap Gruffydd leads rebellion in Wales. ** 11 December – the English defeat the Welsh at the Battle of Orewin Bridge. ** First Trial of the Pyx, a procedure for measuring the standard of minted coins, held. * 1283 ** 25 April – the last independent Welsh stronghold, Castell y Bere, falls to the English. ** 28 June – a parliament of England summoned to assemble at Shrewsbury Abbey to decide the fate of the captured Dafydd ap Gruffydd is the first to include commoners. ** 3 October – the last ruler of an independent Wales, Prince Dafydd ap Gruffydd, is executed in Shrewsbury, the first prominent person ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
England
England is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is located on the island of Great Britain, of which it covers about 62%, and List of islands of England, more than 100 smaller adjacent islands. It shares Anglo-Scottish border, a land border with Scotland to the north and England–Wales border, another land border with Wales to the west, and is otherwise surrounded by the North Sea to the east, the English Channel to the south, the Celtic Sea to the south-west, and the Irish Sea to the west. Continental Europe lies to the south-east, and Ireland to the west. At the 2021 United Kingdom census, 2021 census, the population was 56,490,048. London is both List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, the largest city and the Capital city, capital. The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Paleolithic. It takes its name from the Angles (tribe), Angles, a Germanic peoples, Germanic tribe who settled du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exeter Cathedral
Exeter Cathedral, properly known as the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter in Exeter, is an Anglican cathedral, and the seat of the Bishop of Exeter, in the city status in the United Kingdom, city of Exeter, Devon, in South West England. The present building was complete by about 1400 and has several notable features, including an early set of misericords, an astronomical clock and the longest uninterrupted medieval stone Vault (architecture), vaulted ceiling in the world. History The site where Exeter Cathedral was constructed was home to Roman Britain, Roman buildings. A legionary fortress was constructed between 50–75 AD. A Roman bathhouse was discovered in 1971. The founding of the cathedral at Exeter, England, Exeter, dedicated to Saint Peter, dates from 1050, when the seat of the bishop of United sees of Devon and Cornwall, Devon and Cornwall was transferred from Crediton because of a fear of sea-raids. A Anglo-Saxons, Saxon minster already existing within the town (an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Donis Conditionalibus
or the Estates Tail Act 1285 is a chapter of the English Statutes of Westminster (1285). It originated the law of entail – forbidding a landholder to sell his land except to his heirs. Background A form of entail has been known before the Norman feudal law had been domesticated in England. The common form was a grant "to the feoffee and the heirs of his body", by which limitation it was sought to prevent alienation from the lineage of the first purchaser. These grants were also known as , because if the donee had no heirs of his body the estate reverted to the donor. This right of reversion was evaded by the interpretation that such a gift was a conditional fee, which enabled the donee, if he had an heir of the body born alive, to alienate the land, and consequently disinherit the issue and defeat the right of the donor. To remedy this the statute was passed. The statute In 1285 the statute enacted that in grants to a man and his heirs, the will of the donor as ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Statute Of Westminster 1285
The Statute of Westminster of 1285 ( 13 Edw. 1. St. 1), also known as the Statute of Westminster II or the Statute of Westminster the Second, like the Statute of Westminster 1275, is a code in itself, and contains the famous clause ''De donis conditionalibus'', one of the fundamental institutes of the medieval land law of England. William Stubbs says of it: Most of the statute was repealed in the Republic of Ireland in 1983 and the rest in 2009. Chapters The Statute of Westminster II is composed of 50 chapters. The ''de donis conditionalibus or the Estates Tail Act 1285 is a chapter of the English Statutes of Westminster (1285). It originated the law of entail – forbidding a landholder to sell his land except to his heirs. Background A form of entail has been known befor ...'' clause is chapter 1, and is still in force. Chapter 46 became known as the Commons Act 1285 and was repealed in England in 2006, and in Wales in 2007. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ecclesiastical Court
In organized Christianity, an ecclesiastical court, also called court Christian or court spiritual, is any of certain non-adversarial courts conducted by church-approved officials having jurisdiction mainly in spiritual or religious matters. Historically, they interpret or apply canon law. One of its primary bases was the of Justinian, which is also considered the source of the civil law legal tradition. In the United Kingdom, secular courts that took over the functions of the ecclesiastic courts, e.g. in family law, are still known as ''courts ecclesiastical'' as distinct from ''courts temporal''. Medieval courts In the Middle Ages, ecclesiastical courts had much wider powers in many areas of Europe than they did after the development of nation states. They held jurisdiction over not only religious matters, but also family law, equitable relief, probate, and cases involving priests, religious communities, or public heretics. Secular courts in medieval times were numerous and d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circumspecte Agatis
The statute of ''Circumspecte agatis'' (), or Circumspecte Agatis, was an English statute issued in 1285 by King Edward I. It defines the jurisdictions of Church and State, forcing church courts to confine themselves to ecclesiastical cases. This, along with the ''Articuli Cleri'' of Edward II, the Act of the 18th of Edward III (1344) and the Charter of Edward IV (1462), eventually settled this long-standing dispute. The original statute issued by Edward I was a response to a dispute involving the bishop of Norwich The Bishop of Norwich is the Ordinary (Catholic Church), ordinary of the Church of England Anglican Diocese of Norwich, Diocese of Norwich in the Province of Canterbury. The diocese covers most of the county of Norfolk and part of Suffolk. Th .... The instructions to the king's judges were to:...use yourselves circumspectly in all matters concerning the Bishop of Norwich and his Clergy, not punishing them if they hold Plea in Court Christian, of such things a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Of Ely
The Bishop of Ely is the Ordinary (officer), ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Ely in the Province of Canterbury. The diocese roughly covers the county of Cambridgeshire (with the exception of the Soke of Peterborough), together with a section of north-west Norfolk and has its episcopal see in the Ely, Cambridgeshire, City of Ely, Isle of Ely in Cambridgeshire, where the seat is located at the Ely Cathedral, Cathedral Church of the Holy Trinity. The diocesan bishops resided at the Old Palace, Ely, Bishop's Palace, Ely until 1941; they now reside in Bishop's House, the former cathedral deanery. The roots of the Diocese of Ely are ancient and the area of Ely was part of the patrimony of Æthelthryth, Saint Etheldreda. Prior to the elevation of Ely Cathedral as the seat of the diocese, it existed as first as a convent of religious sisters and later as a monastery. It was led by first by an abbess and later by an abbot. The convent was founded in the city in 673. After S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hugh De Balsham
Hugh de Balsham (or Hugo; died 16 June 1286) was a medieval English bishop. Life Nothing is known of Balsham's background, although during the dispute over his election he was alleged to have been of servile birth, and his name suggests a connection with the Cambridgeshire village of Balsham. He was a Benedictine monk at Ely,Owen "Balsham, Hugh of" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' and appears first as sub-prior of the cathedral chapter there.Greenway ''Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: Volume 2: Monastic Cathedrals (Northern and Southern Provinces): Ely: Bishops'' On the death of William of Kilkenny in 1256 the monks elected him Bishop of Ely, to the annoyance of King Henry III of England and Boniface of Savoy, the Archbishop of Canterbury. Boniface declared the election invalid, and attempted to install Adam Marsh in the see. Both sides appealed to Rome. The election was confirmed by Pope Alexander IV in 1257. Balsham was consecrated on 14 October 1257 b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colleges Of The University Of Cambridge
The University of Cambridge is composed of 31 Colleges within universities in the United Kingdom, colleges in addition to the academic departments and administration of the central university. Until the mid-19th century, both University of Cambridge, Cambridge and University of Oxford, Oxford comprised a group of colleges with a small central university administration, rather than universities in the common sense. Cambridge's colleges are communities of students, academics and staff – an environment in which generations and academic disciplines are able to mix, with both students and fellows experiencing "the breadth and excellence of a top University at an intimate level". Cambridge colleges provide most of the accommodation for Undergraduate education#British System, ''undergraduates'' and ''postgraduates'' at the university. At the undergraduate level they have responsibility for admitting students to the university, providing pastoral support, and organising elements of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peterhouse, Cambridge
Peterhouse is the oldest Colleges of the University of Cambridge, constituent college of the University of Cambridge in England, founded in 1284 by Hugh de Balsham, Bishop of Ely. Peterhouse has around 300 undergraduate and 175 graduate students, and 54 Oxford fellow, fellows. Peterhouse alumni are notably eminent within the natural sciences, including scientists William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, Lord Kelvin, Henry Cavendish, Charles Babbage, James Clerk Maxwell, James Dewar, Frank Whittle, and five Nobel prize winners in science: Sir John Kendrew, Sir Aaron Klug, Archer Martin, Max Perutz, and Michael Levitt (biophysicist), Michael Levitt. Peterhouse alumni also include the Archbishop of Canterbury John Whitgift, Lord Chancellors, Lord Chief Justices, important poets such as Thomas Gray, the first British Fields Medal, Fields Medallist Klaus Roth, Oscars, Oscar-winning film director Sam Mendes and comedian David Mitchell (comedian), David Mitchell. British Prime Minister Au ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nefyn
Nefyn (, archaically anglicised as Nevin) is a town and community (Wales), community on the northwest coast of the Llŷn Peninsula, Gwynedd, Wales. Nefyn is popular with visitors for its sandy beach, and has one substantial hotel, a community pub and a beach cafe. The A497 road terminates in the town centre. The community includes Edern, Gwynedd, Edern and Morfa Nefyn. In 2011, the population was 2,602, with Nefyn itself having 1,373 people. History The history of the area can be traced back to 300 BC with the Iron Age hillfort of Garn Boduan overlooking Nefyn. The remains of 170 round stone huts and ramparts are still visible on top of the hill. The earliest known reference to Nefyn in documents dates from the latter part of the 11th century, when it is mentioned as a landing place of the Welsh prince, Gruffudd ap Cynan. Gerald of Wales, writing in his account of a journey around Wales in 1188, says that he slept at Nefyn on the eve of Palm Sunday. Nefyn was the location of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tournament (medieval)
A tournament, or tourney (from Old French ''torneiement'', ''tornei''), was a mock fight that was common in the Middle Ages">Mock_combat.html" ;"title="chivalry">chivalrous competition or Mock combat">mock fight that was common in the Middle Ages and Renaissance (12th to 16th centuries), and is a type of hastilude. Tournaments included Melee, mêlée, hand-to-hand combat, contests of strength or History of archery, accuracy, and sometimes Jousting, jousts. Some considered the tournaments to be frivolous pursuits of celebrity, even a potential threat to public order. But the shows were popular and often put on in honor of coronations, marriages, or births; to celebrate recent conquests or peace treatises; or to welcome ambassadors, lords, or others considered to be of great importance. Other times tournaments were held for no particular reason at all, simply for entertainment. Certain tournaments are depicted throughout the ''Codex Manesse''. Etymology The word ''tournamen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
