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Étienne-Charles De Damas-Crux
Étienne-Charles, Duke of Damas-Crux (10 February 1754 - 29 May 1846) was a French people, French soldier and politician. He derived from one of France's oldest noble families, the House of Damas - he was the last son of Louis Alexandre de Damas, count of Crux (died 1763) and his wife Marie-Louise (1712-1796), daughter of François-Charles, marquis of Menou (1671-1731). He became a brigadier des armées du roi and was received into the Order of St John of Jerusalem, Knights of Malta. Early life Étienne-Charles was born at the Château de Crux in Nivernais, the last son of Louis Alexandre de Damas, Count of Crux (died in 1763) and of Marie-Louise de Menou (1712-1796), daughter of François-Charles, Marquis of Menou (1671-1731). He was received from youth into the Order of St. John of Jerusalem but never pronounced his vows as Knight, which later permitted him to marry. In 1799 he married Anne-Félicité-Simone (Paris, 15 January 1772 - Paris, 25 January 1848), daughter of Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Château De Crux
Crux-la-Ville is a Communes of France, commune in the Nièvre Departments of France, department in central France. Demographics On 1 January 2019, the estimated population was 395. See also *Communes of the Nièvre department References Communes of Nièvre {{Nièvre-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of St John Of Jerusalem
The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem, commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller (), is a Catholic military order. It was founded in the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem in the 12th century and had headquarters there until 1291, thereafter being based in Kolossi Castle in Cyprus (1302–1310), the island of Rhodes (1310–1522), Malta (1530–1798), and Saint Petersburg (1799–1801). The Hospitallers arose in the early 12th century at the height of the Cluniac movement, a reformist movement within the Benedictine monastic order that sought to strengthen religious devotion and charity for the poor. Earlier in the 11th century, merchants from Amalfi founded a hospital in Jerusalem dedicated to John the Baptist where Benedictine monks cared for sick, poor, or injured Christian pilgrims to the Holy Land. Blessed Gerard, a lay brother of the Benedictine order, became its head when it was established. After the Christian conquest of Jerusalem in 1099 dur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Principality Of Monaco
Monaco, officially the Principality of Monaco, is a sovereign city-state and microstate on the French Riviera a few kilometres west of the Italian region of Liguria, in Western Europe, on the Mediterranean Sea. It is a semi-enclave bordered by France to the north, east and west. The principality is home to nearly 39,000 residents as of the 2020s, of whom about 9,883 are Monégasque nationals. It is recognised as one of the wealthiest and most expensive places in the world. The official language of Monaco is French. Monégasque, English and Italian are also spoken and understood by many residents. With an area of , Monaco is the second-smallest sovereign state in the world, after Vatican City. Its population of 38,423 in 2024 makes it the most densely populated sovereign state. Monaco has the world's shortest national coastline: . The principality is about from the border with Italy and consists of nine administrative wards, the largest of which is Monte Carlo. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Régiment Damas
A regiment is a military unit. Its role and size varies markedly, depending on the country, service, or specialisation. In Medieval Europe, the term "regiment" denoted any large body of front-line soldiers, recruited or conscripted in one geographical area, by a leader who was often also the feudal lord ''in capite'' of the soldiers. Lesser barons of knightly rank could be expected to muster or hire a company or battalion from their manorial estate. By the end of the 17th century, infantry regiments in most European armies were permanent units, with approximately 800 men and commanded by a colonel. Definitions During the modern era, the word "regiment" – much like "corps" – may have two somewhat divergent meanings, which refer to two distinct roles: # a front-line military formation; or # an administrative or ceremonial unit. In many armies, the first role has been assumed by independent battalions, battlegroups, task forces, brigades and other, similarly sized opera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mestre-de-camp
Mestre de camp or Maître de camp (; "camp-master") was a military rank in the Ancien Régime of France, equivalent to colonel. A mestre de camp commanded a regiment and was under the authority of a Colonel General, who commanded all the regiments in one "arme". The rank also existed in Portugal and Spain, as ''maestre de campo'' or ''mestre de campo''.Potter, David. Renaissance France at war: armies, culture and society, c.1480-1560'. United Kingdom, Boydell Press, 2008. 50. When the role of infantry colonel general was abolished in 1661, the mestre de camp took the title of colonel. The cavalry regiments, on the other hand, remained under the authority of a colonel general, were commanded individually by mestres de camp until the French Revolution. The rank of mestre de camp was demonstrated by wearing a pair of épaulettes with gilded or silver fringes. The rank was abolished during the French Revolution and replaced by that of chef de brigade. Purchase of Mestre de ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sepoy
''Sepoy'' () is a term related to ''sipahi'', denoting professional Indian infantrymen, traditionally armed with a musket, in the armies of the Mughal Empire and the Maratha. In the 18th century, the French East India Company and its European counterparts employed locally recruited soldiers within India, mainly consisting of infantry designated as "sepoys". The largest sepoy force, trained along European lines, served the British East India Company. The term "sipahi" (or sometimes "sepoy") continues in use in the Indian, Pakistan and Nepalese armies, where it denotes the rank of private. Etymology In Persian (Aspa) means horse and Ispahai is also the word for cavalrymen. The term ''sepoy'' is the anglicised form of the Persian word (), meaning the traditional "infantry soldier" in the Mughal Empire. In the Ottoman Empire the term was used to refer to cavalrymen. Historical usage The term ''sepoy'' came into common use in the forces of the British East India Com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American War Of Independence
The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was the armed conflict that comprised the final eight years of the broader American Revolution, in which American Patriot forces organized as the Continental Army and commanded by George Washington defeated the British Army. The conflict was fought in North America, the Caribbean, and the Atlantic Ocean. The war's outcome seemed uncertain for most of the war. However, Washington and the Continental Army's decisive victory in the Siege of Yorktown in 1781 led King George III and the Kingdom of Great Britain to negotiate an end to the war in the Treaty of Paris two years later, in 1783, in which the British monarchy acknowledged the independence of the Thirteen Colonies, leading to the establishment of the United States as an independent and sovereign nation. In 1763, after the British Empire gained dominance in North America following its vic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East Indies
The East Indies (or simply the Indies) is a term used in historical narratives of the Age of Discovery. The ''Indies'' broadly referred to various lands in Eastern world, the East or the Eastern Hemisphere, particularly the islands and mainlands found in and around the Indian Ocean by Portuguese explorers, soon after the Cape Route was discovered. In a narrow sense, the term was used to refer to the Malay Archipelago, which today comprises the list of islands of the Philippines, Philippine Archipelago, Indonesian Archipelago, Borneo, and New Guinea. Historically, the term was used in the Age of Discovery to refer to the coasts of the landmasses comprising the Indian subcontinent and the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula along with the Malay Archipelago. Overview During the era of History of colonialism, European colonization, territories of the Spanish Empire in Asia were known as the Spanish East Indies for 333 years before the Treaty of Paris (1898), American ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Régiment D'Aquitaine
35th Infantry Regiment (''35e régiment d'infanterie'') is an infantry regiment of the French Army. Its origins date back to the formation of the régiment de Nemond in 1604 by a member of the gentry from Lorraine (duchy), Lorraine whose surname was Némond. During World War I it was nicknamed ''As de Trèfle'' (''Ace of Clubs''). It is now based at the garrison in Belfort. Notable figures who have served with the regiment or its predecessors include the brothers Louis-Félix Guinement de Kéralio, Louis and Auguste de Keralio, Auguste de Keralio (from 1734 to 1749), Étienne-Charles de Damas-Crux (second in command of the régiment d'Aquitaine on 3 October 1779), Maurice Chevalier (in 1913) and Jean Chrétien Fischer. Lineage Predecessors * 1604 : Creation of the régiment de Nemond * 1618 : régiment de la Force * 1661 : régiment de Durfort-Montgomery * 1665 : régiment de Durfort-Rauzan * 1670 : régiment Duc d'Anjou * 1671 : renamed the régiment d'Anjou * 1753 : renamed the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Régiment De Limousin
A regiment is a military unit. Its role and size varies markedly, depending on the country, military service, service, or administrative corps, specialisation. In Middle Ages, Medieval Europe, the term "regiment" denoted any large body of line regiment, front-line soldiers, recruited or conscripted in one geographical area, by a leader who was often also the feudal lord ''in capite'' of the soldiers. Lesser barons of knightly rank could be expected to muster or hire a Company (military unit), company or battalion from their manorial estate. By the end of the 17th century, infantry regiments in most European armies were permanent units, with approximately 800 men and commanded by a colonel. Definitions During the modern era, the word "regiment" – much like "corps" – may have two somewhat divergent meanings, which refer to two distinct roles: # a front-line military formation; or # an administrative or ceremonial unit. In many armies, the first role has been assumed by i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie Thérèse Of France
Marie-Thérèse Charlotte (19 December 1778 – 19 October 1851) was the eldest child of King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette of France, and their only child to reach adulthood. In 1799 she married her cousin Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême, the eldest son of Charles X of France, henceforth becoming the Duchess of Angoulême. She became Dauphine of France upon the accession of her uncle and father-in-law, Charles X, to the French throne in 1824. On 2 August 1830, after the July Revolution, both Charles X and her husband signed an instrument of abdication twenty minutes apart. Some popular sources identify her to be a short-reigning Queen of France in the twenty minute interval between the signatures, but scholarly sources generally consider this to be a myth. She is, however, the undisputed legitimate Queen of France from 1836 to 1844 according to the Legitimists. Early life (1778–1789) Marie-Thérèse Charlotte was born at the Palace of Versailles on 19 Decembe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
