Zhmerynka ( uk, Жмеринка ) is a city in

Vinnytsia Oblast Vinnytsia Oblast ( uk, Ві́нницька о́бласть, translit=Vinnytska oblast; ; also referred to as Vinnychchyna — uk, Ві́нниччина) is an oblast of western and southwestern Ukraine. Its administrative center is Vinnytsi ...

(

province A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions out ...

) of central

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inva ...

. Serving as the

administrative center An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located. In countries with French as administrative language (such as Belgium, Lu ...

of the

Zhmerynka Raion Zhmerynka Raion ( uk, Жмеринський район) is one of the 6 regions of Vinnytsia Oblast, located in southwestern Ukraine. The administrative center of the raion is the city of Zhmerynka. Population: On 18 July 2020, as part of the ...

(

district A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivision ...

), the

town A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares an o ...

itself is not a part of the district and is separately incorporated as a city of oblast significance. Population:

Name

There are many propositions as far as the origin of name of Zhmerynka is concerned. One of the ideas is that it may be derived from the Polish words, describing the handshake.

History

Ancient time

Zhmerynka was established as a city in agreement with the

Magdeburg rights Magdeburg rights (german: Magdeburger Recht; also called Magdeburg Law) were a set of town privileges first developed by Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (936–973) and based on the Flemish Law, which regulated the degree of internal autonomy within ...

in 1591. Before that moment, the two villages: Big Zhmerynka village and Small Zhmerynka village, were known to exist at the same place in 16th century. Some time later, Zmerynka was shortly described in a book titled: "Geographic Dictionary of Polish Kingdom and other Slavic places," published in Warsaw in Poland.

World War II period

Zhmerynka was occupied by the

Romanian Army The Romanian Land Forces ( ro, Forțele Terestre Române) is the army of Romania, and the main component of the Romanian Armed Forces. In recent years, full professionalisation and a major equipment overhaul have transformed the nature of the Lan ...

during the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposi ...

from 17 July 1941 until 20 March 1944 and incorporated into the

Transnistria Governorate The Transnistria Governorate ( ro, Guvernământul Transnistriei) was a Romanian-administered territory between the Dniester and Southern Bug, conquered by the Axis Powers from the Soviet Union during Operation Barbarossa and occupied from 19 Aug ...

Geography

Location

Zhmerynka is situated in a South-Eastern part of the Vinnytsia region. Zmerynka has an area of 18,2 square kilometers. The average altitude above the sea level is 326m.

Climate

Zhmerynka has the continental European climate.

City governance

The Mayor of Zhmerynka is elected by the people of Zhmerynka during the direct election process. The City Assembly may approve or reject the urban development decrees, initiated by the local people, social groups and organizations.

Religion

Orthodox religion

The old Orthodox Cathedral was built in 1893, however it was destroyed in 1928. There is the newly built St. Oleksandr Nevs'ky Orthodox Cathedral, which was made of the red bricks in 2005, in a central part of the city of Zhmerynka.

Catholic religion

There is the St. Oleksiy Catholic Cathedral, which was built in 1910, in Zhmerynka (see the picture in the Gallery).

Jewish religion

Many Jewish people were in Zhmerynka before World War II. However, the Synagogue was destroyed during the World War II. Presently, the Jewish people initiated an effort to collect the financial funds to build a new Synagogue in Zhmerynka.

Economy

Railway industry

The railway company, which is a part of railway transportation industry, is a biggest business and employer in Zhmerynka.

Agriculture industry

There are many companies, which belong to the agricultural industry in Zhmerynka.

Food industry

There is a well developed food processing industry with a number of big, medium and small companies.

Education industry

There are many secondary schools in Zhmerynka, which employ a big number of teachers.

Tourism industry

There is a number of comfortable hotels with a variety of services, which operate in Zhmerynka.

Transportation

Railway transportation

Zhmation hub in Ukraine at present time. The initial project of the Zmerynka railway transportation hub was made by Carl von Mekk, engineer in 1865. The building of the Zmerynka big railway station was designed by Zhuravs'ky, architect and it was built in 1899–1904. Zmerynka railway station was fully renovated in 2012.

Automobile transportation

There is a bus station near the railway station. The distance to

Bar, Ukraine Bar ( uk, Бар; pl, Bar; russian: Бар) is a town located on the Riv River in the Vinnytsia Oblast ( province) of central Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Bar Raion (district), and is part of the historic region of Podolia. ...

is . The distance to Vinnytsia is . The distance to Shargorod is . The distance to

Kyiv Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making Kyiv the seventh-most populous city in Europe. Ky ...

is .

Media

Printing media

Zhmerins'ky Meridian newspaper is published in Zhmerynka. The head office is located at Bohdan Khmelnits'ky Street 19, Zhmerynka 23100, Ukraine.

Electronic media

There is an FM radio-station: "Obriy", which transmits the local news and the music in Zhmerynka at 67.34 MHz.

Internet media

There is a number of Internet resources, which monitor the cultural, business, politics news in Zhmerynka.

Notable people

Jan Brzechwa Jan Brzechwa (), (15 August 1898 – 2 July 1966) was a Polish poet, author and lawyer, known mostly for his contribution to children's literature. He was born Jan Wiktor Lesman to a Polish family of Jewish descent.

, Polish poet and writer. * Valery Brezdenyuk, painter. * Denis Forov, retired Armenian Greco-Roman wrestler * Izrail Gelman, Math Teacher, Holocaust Survivor

Gallery

File:Будинок гімназії (Жмеринка).JPG, Zhmerinka Gymnasium File:Жмеринська міська рада.jpg, Zhmerinka City Council File:Стоматологія Гавлилюка.jpg, Havryliuk dentistry File:Храм Святого Миколая (Жмеринка).jpg, Church of St. Nicholas, Zhmerinka File:Kościół św. Aleksego, Żmerynka P1420326.jpg, St Alexius Cathedral, Zhmerinka File:(04) WIKIMEDIA ORTHODOX CATHEDRAL TOWN OF ZHMERINKA VINNYTSIA REGION STATE OF UKRAINE PHOTOGRAPH BY VIKTOR O LEDENYOV 25082014.jpg, Orthodox cathedral, Zhmerynka File:Залізничний вокзал (Жмеринка) 02.JPG, Zhmerinka Railway station, Zhmerynka, 2006 File:Жмеринський залізничний вокзал 1913.jpg, Zhmerinka Railway station, Zhmerynka, 1913 File:Жмеринка. Стара поштівка.jpg, Historic post office building, Zhmerinka File:Міський парк культури і відпочинку (Жмеринка) (3).jpg, Gorky park, Zhmerinka

Twin towns – brother cities

Zhmerynka is twinned with: *

Shaki, Azerbaijan Shaki ( az, Şəki) is a city in northwestern Azerbaijan, surrounded by the district of the same name. It is located on the southern part of the Greater Caucasus mountain range, from Baku. As of 2020, it has a population of 68,400. The center ...

* Skarżysko-Kamienna, Poland

References

External links

Site about Zhmerynka

Unofficial site
{{Authority control Cities in Vinnytsia Oblast Cities of regional significance in Ukraine Articles containing video clips Railway towns in Ukraine Vinnitsky Uyezd Shtetls Holocaust locations in Ukraine