Zehlendorf, Berlin
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Zehlendorf () is a
locality Locality may refer to: * Locality (association), an association of community regeneration organizations in England * Locality (linguistics) * Locality (settlement) * Suburbs and localities (Australia), in which a locality is a geographic subdivis ...
within the borough of
Steglitz-Zehlendorf Steglitz-Zehlendorf () is the sixth borough of Berlin, formed in Berlin's 2001 administrative reform by merging the former boroughs of Steglitz and Zehlendorf. Home to Free University of Berlin, the Berlin Botanical Garden, and a variety of mu ...
in
Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...
. Before Berlin's 2001 administrative reform Zehlendorf was a borough in its own right, consisting of the locality of Zehlendorf as well as
Wannsee Wannsee () is a locality in the southwestern Berlin borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf, Germany. It is the westernmost locality of Berlin. In the quarter there are two lakes, the larger ''Großer Wannsee'' (Greater Wannsee, "See" means lake) and the ...
,
Nikolassee Nikolassee () is a locality (''Ortsteil'') of Berlin in the borough (''Bezirk'') of Steglitz-Zehlendorf, named after the small Nikolassee lake. Located in the affluent Southwest of the city, the area comprises parts of the Schlachtensee neighbou ...
and Dahlem. Zehlendorf contains some of the most remarked upon natural settings in Berlin, including parts of the
Grunewald Grunewald is the name of both a locality and a forest in Germany: * Grunewald (forest) * Grunewald (locality) Grünewald may refer to: * Grünewald (surname) * Grünewald, Germany, a municipality in Brandenburg, Germany * Grünewald (Luxembourg), ...
forest and the ''Schlachtensee'', ''Krumme Lanke'' and ''Waldsee'' lakes. Additionally, it has large affluent residential neighborhoods, some with
cobblestone Cobblestone is a natural building material based on cobble-sized stones, and is used for pavement roads, streets, and buildings. Setts, also called Belgian blocks, are often casually referred to as "cobbles", although a sett is distinct fro ...
streets and buildings that are over 100 years old.


History

The village of Zehlendorf was first mentioned as ''Cedelendorp'' in a 1245 contract between the Margraves John I and Otto III of
Brandenburg Brandenburg (; nds, Brannenborg; dsb, Bramborska ) is a states of Germany, state in the northeast of Germany bordering the states of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Saxony, as well as the country of Poland. With an ar ...
and the
Lehnin Abbey Lehnin Abbey (german: Kloster Lehnin) is a former Cistercian monastery in Lehnin in Brandenburg, Germany. Founded in 1180 and secularized during the Protestant Reformation in 1542, it has accommodated the ''Luise-Henrietten-Stift'', a Protestant de ...
. Probably a
German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ger ...
foundation, the name ''Cedelen'' appears to be a dialect word for "settlement" (modern German ), or "noble" (''Cedelendorp'' = ''Cedelen'' + ''dorp'', "noble village" (see ). In the affluent and well-educated environment of Zehlendorf, top World War II figures mingled with opponents of the Nazi regime. Express S-Bahn trains, known as the "Banker Trains" whisked them at to the financial and government centers until the service was disrupted towards the end of World War II. During the Nazi period, Zehlendorf's mayor was Walter Helfenstein (1890–1945), a convinced Nazi. Helfenstein was responsible for erecting a memorial to the
antisemitic Antisemitism (also spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism) is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against Jews. A person who holds such positions is called an antisemite. Antisemitism is considered to be a form of racism. Antis ...
publisher
Theodor Fritsch Theodor Fritsch (born Emil Theodor Fritsche; 28 October 1852 – 8 September 1933), was a German publisher and journalist. His antisemitic writings did much to influence popular German opinion against Jews in the late 19th and early 20th c ...
(1853–1933), described as "the first antisemitic memorial in Germany" in Zehlendorf in 1935. The memorial was the first memorial sculpted by the artist Arthur Wellmann (1885–1960), who was a Zehlendorf resident (and who, after producing other Nazi memorials, including one to the SA, eventually emigrated to the United States). The Fritsch memorial was melted down in 1943 to make armaments for the war. Mayor Helfenstein committed suicide on 24 April 1945 as the
Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, after ...
took Berlin. Helfenstein's death is referred to in the novel ''Berlin'' by the anti-Nazi novelist Theodor Plievier.


Geography


Subdivision

Zehlendorf is subdivided into 6 zones: * Düppel * Schlachtensee-Ost * Schönow/Zehlendorf-Süd * Zehlendorf-West * Zehlendorf-Ost * Zehlendorf-Nord (Onkel-Tom-Siedlung)


Locale

Visitors can stop at the Dahlem Church, where the vicar, Pastor Martin Niemöller, served from 1931 through 1937. Niemöller's sermons against the Nazis led to his imprisonment and the publication of them in English during the war helped shape discussion of the nature of National Socialism in Christian circles.* Preface by Thomas Mann in Niemoeller, Martin; "God is My Fuehrer"; Philosophical Library and Alliance Book Corporation; New York, 1941, pp. 3–14. Many walking trips are available in and around Zehlendorf. Popular destinations include the Grunewald trails north from the Onkel Toms Hütte U-Bahn station and neighborhood shopping center, the walk from Krumme Lanke U-Bahn station to the lake of the same name, and the cross-Zehlendorf walk from the end of the U-Bahn at Krumme Lanke to the S-Bahn station in the center of old Zehlendorf. Zehlendorf shopping center has undergone major changes with plenty of new construction centering on the S-Bahn station "Zehlendorf." When American forces occupied Berlin and later were stationed in Berlin during the
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because the ...
, Zehlendorf with the "Steuben Barracks", Dahlem and
Lichterfelde Lichterfelde may refer to: * Lichterfelde (Berlin), a locality in the borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf in Berlin, Germany * Lichterfelde West, an elegant residential area in Berlin * Lichterfelde, Saxony-Anhalt, a municipality in the Stendhal Distric ...
were the areas where most of those forces were centered, including elements of the Berlin Brigade stationed at the
McNair Barracks The McNair Barracks was a US Army installation in Lichterfelde, a locality in southwest Berlin, Germany. The barracks were named after Lieutenant General Lesley J. McNair, an American Army officer who served in World War I and World War II and was ...
.


Transportation

There is direct access to central Berlin via road and S-Bahn. The S1 line makes 3 stops in Zehlendorf and runs right through Unter den Linden, where the
Brandenburg Gate The Brandenburg Gate (german: Brandenburger Tor ) is an 18th-century neoclassical monument in Berlin, built on the orders of Prussian king Frederick William II after restoring the Orangist power by suppressing the Dutch popular unrest. One ...
is located. The newer portion of the borough of Zehlendorf developed around extended U-Bahn service in the first third of the 20th century. It may be reached via the U3 line at the station
Onkel Toms Hütte ''Uncle Tom's Cabin'' (german: Onkel Toms Hütte) is a 1965 German film directed by Géza von Radványi. The film was entered into the 4th Moscow International Film Festival. It is based on the novel '' Uncle Tom's Cabin''. In the early spring ...
and the terminus
Krumme Lanke is a lake in the south west of Berlin, in the Steglitz-Zehlendorf borough of the city and on the edge of the Grunewald forest. After Nikolassee and the neighbouring Schlachtensee, it is the southernmost of the Grunewald chain of lakes. Overv ...
. The
Bundesstraße 1 The Bundesstraße 1 (abbr. B1) is a German federal highway running in an east-west direction from the Netherlands, Dutch border near Aachen to the Poland, Polish border at Küstrin-Kietz on the Oder River. History The road developed from an anc ...
federal highway runs through the locality along the streets ''Berliner Straße'', ''Potsdamer Straße'' and ''Potsdamer Chaussee''. Zehlendorf has also access to the ''A 115'' Autobahn (the former AVUS racing track) at the ''Hüttenweg''
junction Junction may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Junction'' (film), a 2012 American film * Jjunction, a 2002 Indian film * Junction (album), a 1976 album by Andrew Cyrille * Junction (EP), by Basement Jaxx, 2002 * Junction (manga), or ''Hot ...
.


Points of interest

*
AlliiertenMuseum The Allied Museum (german: AlliiertenMuseum) is a museum in Berlin. It documents the political history and the military commitments and roles of the Western Allies ( US, France and Britain) in Germany – particularly Berlin – between 1945 and ...
*
Krumme Lanke is a lake in the south west of Berlin, in the Steglitz-Zehlendorf borough of the city and on the edge of the Grunewald forest. After Nikolassee and the neighbouring Schlachtensee, it is the southernmost of the Grunewald chain of lakes. Overv ...
*
Schlachtensee Schlachtensee () is a lake in the south west of Berlin, in the Steglitz-Zehlendorf borough (in the quarters of Schlachtensee), on the edge of the Grunewald forest. The lake lends its name to the surrounding area and to the nearby ''Studentend ...


Gallery

File:Berlin-Zehlendorf Dorfkirche.jpg, Village church File:Gruenewald082c.jpg, Peaceful snowscape as seen during a U.S. Army patrol in Zehlendorf's forest File:Stolperstein Hochsitzweg 17 (Zehld) Rosa Wegner.jpg, Stolperstein in Zehlendorf File:Synagoge Steglitz April 2007 001.jpg, View of the former
synagogue A synagogue, ', 'house of assembly', or ', "house of prayer"; Yiddish: ''shul'', Ladino: or ' (from synagogue); or ', "community". sometimes referred to as shul, and interchangeably used with the word temple, is a Jewish house of worshi ...
in Steglitz, Berlin File:Mexikoplatz B-Schlachtensee 06-2017.jpg, Berlin Mexikoplatz Station


People

*
Sigismund von Braun Sigismund Freiherr von Braun (14 April 1911 – 13 July 1998) was a German diplomat and Secretary of State in the Foreign Office (1970–1972). Biography Sigismund von Braun was born in Berlin- Zehlendorf in 1911, the eldest son of the East Pru ...
(1911–1998), German diplomat * Klaus Fischer-Dieskau (1921–1994), German church musician * Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau (1925–2012), German baritone


See also

* Grunewald (forest) *
Krumme Lanke is a lake in the south west of Berlin, in the Steglitz-Zehlendorf borough of the city and on the edge of the Grunewald forest. After Nikolassee and the neighbouring Schlachtensee, it is the southernmost of the Grunewald chain of lakes. Overv ...
*
Hertha Zehlendorf The Hertha Zehlendorf is a German football club from the suburb of Zehlendorf in Berlin. The club is one of the largest football clubs in the country and has a strong youth department which has won two national youth championships. The depar ...


References


External links


"Berlin 1969"
From the American era.

In German. {{Authority control Localities of Berlin * Former boroughs of Berlin