Zdolbúniv ( uk, Здолбу́нів, russian: Здолбунов, pl, Zdołbunów) is a small
city
A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...
in the
Rivne Raion of
Rivne Oblast (
province) of western
Ukraine. Prior to the administrative reform of 2020, it was the
administrative center of the former
Zdolbuniv Raion (
district), and it has an important
railway station and cement plant (there is a deposit of chalk). Population:
History
The town was mentioned in 1497 in the deed, in which the
Lithuania
Lithuania (; lt, Lietuva ), officially the Republic of Lithuania ( lt, Lietuvos Respublika, links=no ), is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea. Lithuania ...
n Grand Duke and future King of
Poland Alexander Jagiellon committed several villages to Prince
Konstanty Ostrogski
Konstanty Iwanowicz Ostrogski (c. 1460 – 10 August 1530; lt, Konstantinas Ostrogiškis; uk, Костянтин Іванович Острозький, translit=Kostiantyn Ivanovych Ostrozkyi; be, Канстантын Іванавіч Ас ...
. Among the villages mentioned in the deed was ''Dolbunov''. The town has had its present name of Zdolbuniv since 1629. In 1569, following the
Union of Lublin, Zdolbuniv became part of the
Kingdom of Poland, where it remained for over 200 years, until the
Partitions of Poland
The Partitions of Poland were three partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that took place toward the end of the 18th century and ended the existence of the state, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland and Lithuania for 12 ...
. In 1793, it was annexed by the
Russian Empire, and in the interbellum period, it again belonged to
Poland. It was a powiat (country) centre in
Wołyń Voivodeship during this period. Zdolbunow, as it was then known, was an important rail hub, located near the Polish-Soviet border. The town had a mixed Polish-Ukrainian-Jewish population.
In September 1939, following the
Soviet Invasion of Poland, Zdolbunow was captured by the
Soviet Union, where it remained until the
Operation Barbarossa. Its Jewish minority was murdered in the
Holocaust, and in late 1943, Zdolbunow became a shelter for ethnic Polish population of Volhynia, escaping the
Volhynian Genocide. On February 3, 1944, the town was captured by the
Red Army.
Zdolbuniv is the birthplace of a contemporary Polish painter Stanislaw Fijalkowski (born 1922), and singer Teresa Tutinas (born 1943)
Gallery
File: Zdolbuniv Tserkva Kateryny 03 Tserkovna vul. (YDS 7612).JPG, St.Katherine Church
File: Kostel zdolbuniv-0344.jpg, St.Peter & Paul Kostel
File:3. Пам'ятник Уласу Самчуку; Здолбунів.JPG, House of culture
File:Zdolbuniv Pam'yatnyk Ulasu Samchuku 01 Nezalezhnosti 41 (YDS 7590).JPG, Bust of Ulas Samchuk
Ulas Oleksiiovych Samchuk (; 20 February 1905, Derman – 9 July 1987 Toronto) was a Ukrainian writer, propagandist, publicist, journalist, and a member of the Government of the Ukrainian People's Republic in exile. He was a member of the natio ...
File:Zdolbuniv Try Mogyly Voyiniv UNR (ne UPA) 01 Vyly vul. gromads'ke kladovysche (YDS 7589).JPG, Graves of warriors of Ukrainian People's Republic
File: Zdolbuniv Brats'ka Mogyla Voyiniv Pol's'koyi Armiyi 04 Vos'mogo Bereznya vul. gromads'ke kladovysche (YDS 7606).JPG, Memorial and common grave of Polish warriors
File:Zdolbuniv Memorial Voyins'koyi Slavy 01 Mis'kiy Park (YDS 7593).JPG, Memorial of World War II warriors
File:Zdolbuniv Brats'ka Mogyla Voyiniv 01 Vos'mogo Bereznya vul. gromads'ke kladovysche (YDS 7603).JPG, Common grave of World War II warriors
File:Zdolbuniv Pam'yatnyk Prykhod'ku Pryvokzal'na Ploscha (YDS 7611).JPG, Zdolbuniv railway station
File:Zdolbuniv.JPG, Zdolbuniv cement factory
References
{{Authority control
Cities in Rivne Oblast
Volhynian Governorate
Wołyń Voivodeship (1921–1939)
Cities of district significance in Ukraine
Holocaust locations in Ukraine