Western Yamuna Canal is canal in river

Yamuna The Yamuna ( Hindustani: ), also spelt Jumna, is the second-largest tributary river of the Ganges by discharge and the longest tributary in India. Originating from the Yamunotri Glacier at a height of about on the southwestern slopes of B ...

that was dug out and renovated in 1335 CE by

Firoz Shah Tughlaq Sultan Firuz Shah Tughlaq (1309 – 20 September 1388) was a Muslim ruler from the Tughlaq dynasty, who reigned over the Sultanate of Delhi from 1351 to 1388.

. In 1750 CE, excessive silting caused it to stop flowing. The

British raj The British Raj (; from Hindi ''rāj'': kingdom, realm, state, or empire) was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent; * * it is also called Crown rule in India, * * * * or Direct rule in India, * Quote: "Mill, who was him ...

undertook a three-year renovation in 1817 by Captain

GR Blane G. R. Blane (1791–1821) was an employee of the East India Company in British India. Ancestry George Rodney Blane was born in 1791 to Sir Gilbert Blane, and died aged 30 years on 1 May 1821. Education Blane was educated at Charterhouse Sc ...

of the

Bengal Engineer Group The Bengal Engineer Group (BEG) (informally the Bengal Sappers or Bengal Engineers) is a military engineering regiment in the Corps of Engineers of the Indian Army. The unit was originally part of the Bengal Army of the East India Company's Ben ...

. In 1832-33

Tajewala Barrage Tajewala Barrage is a now decommissioned but existing old barrage across the Yamuna River, located in Yamuna Nagar District, in the state of Haryana, India. Completed in 1873, it regulated the flow of the Yamuna for irrigation in Uttar Pradesh a ...

dam at Yamuna was also built to regulate the flow of water, and later

Pathrala barrage Pathrala Barrage (Hindi: पथराला बांध) is a barrage across the Somb river, located in Yamuna Nagar District, in the state of Haryana, India. History The Western Yamuna Canal, built in 1335 CE by Firuz Shah Tughlaq, excessi ...

at Dadupur and

Somb river The Somb river, also spelled Som river (Hindi: सोम नदी) is a tributary of Yamuna in Haryana state of India.Sirsa branch The Sirsa Branch, built in 1896 and originating at Indri, is a sub-branch of ''Sirsa branch'' of Western Yaumna Canal which menders through Kaithal district, Jind district, Fatehabad district and Sirsa district Sirsa district is the largest ...

'' was constructed. The modern

Hathni Kund Barrage The Hathni Kund is a concrete barrage located on the Yamuna River in Yamuna Nagar district of Haryana state, India. It was constructed between October 1996 and June 1999 for the purpose of irrigation. It replaced the Tajewala Barrage downst ...

was built in 1999 to handle the problem of silting to replace the older

. Once it passes Delhi, the yamuna river feeds the

Agra Canal The Agra Canal is an important Indian irrigation work which starts from Okhla in Delhi. The Agra canal originates at the Okhla barrage, downstream of Nizamuddin bridge. The canal receives its water from the Yamuna River at Okhla, about to t ...

built in 1874, which starts from

Okhla Okhla is a suburban village located near Okhla barrage in the South East Delhi district of Delhi near the border between Delhi and Uttar Pradesh. Its nearest industrial area called commonly as Okhla Industrial Area (OIA) or Okhla Industrial Est ...

barrage beyond the Nizamuddin bridge, and the high land between the Khari-Nadi and the Yamuna and before joining the Banganga river about below

Agra Agra (, ) is a city on the banks of the Yamuna river in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, about south-east of the national capital New Delhi and 330 km west of the state capital Lucknow. With a population of roughly 1.6 million, Agra i ...

. Thus, during the summer season, the stretch above Agra resembles a minor stream.

Hydel Power

The Western Yamuna Canal has several major barrages and dams, including

at Dadupur and

Somb river The Somb river, also spelled Som river (Hindi: सोम नदी) is a tributary of Yamuna in Haryana state of India. some of which are also used for the hydel power generation.

Western Yamuna Command area

The Western Yamuna Canal begins at the Hathnikund Barrage about from Dakpathar and south of

Doon Valley The Doon Valley is an unusually wide, long valley within the Sivalik Hills and the Lesser Himalayas, in the Indian states of Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and Haryana. Within the valley lies the city of Dehradun, the capital of Uttarakhand st ...

. The canals irrigate vast tracts of land in the region in

Ambala district Ambala district is one of the 22 districts of Haryana state in the country of India with Ambala town serving as the administrative headquarters of the district. District Ambala lies on the North-Eastern edge of Haryana and borders Punjab and Him ...

Karnal district Karnal district is one of the 22 districts of Haryana state in North India which constitutes the National Capital Region (NCR) of the country. The city of Karnal is a part of the National Capital Region (NCR) and is the administrative headq ...

Sonepat district Sonipat district is one of the 22 districts of Haryana state in North India. Sonipat town is the district headquarters. It is a part of National Capital Region. It is bordered by Delhi, Panipat, Rohtak, Jind, Jhajjar and Baghpat (Uttar Pradesh ...

, Rohtak district,

Jind district Jind district is one of the 22 districts of Haryana state in northern India. Jind town is the administrative headquarters of the district. It is part of Hisar Division and was created in 1966. During the Sikh Empire, Jind lies in the heart o ...

Hisar district Hisar district is one of the 22 districts of Haryana, India. Hisar city serves as the district headquarters. Hisar district has four sub-divisions that is, Hisar, Barwala, Hansi and Narnaud, each headed by an SDM. The district is also part of H ...

and

Bhiwani district Bhiwani district is one of the 22 districts of the northern Indian state of Haryana. Created on 22 December 1972, the district was the largest district of the state by area, before the creation of Charkhi Dadri as a separate district, as it occu ...

.Western yaumna Canal Project
/ref>

Western Yamuna Command Network

The 86 km long main canal has the total length of 325 kmIndia Water Portal
/ref> not including its branches such as

Sirsa branch The Sirsa Branch, built in 1896 and originating at Indri, is a sub-branch of ''Sirsa branch'' of Western Yaumna Canal which menders through Kaithal district, Jind district, Fatehabad district and Sirsa district Sirsa district is the largest ...

, Hansi branch, Butana branch, Sunder branch, Delhi branch, along with hundreds of major and minor irrigation channels which are also breeding grounds for many species of birds.Delhibird.com
/ref>

Munak Canal

The

Munak canal The Munak Canal is a 102 kilometer long aqueduct that is part of Western Yamuna Canal in Haryana and Delhi states in India. The canal conveys water from the Yamuna River at Munak regulator in Karnal district of Haryana and travels in a souther ...

, is a 102 kilometer long aqueduct in

Haryana Haryana (; ) is an Indian state located in the northern part of the country. It was carved out of the former state of East Punjab on 1 Nov 1966 on a linguistic basis. It is ranked 21st in terms of area, with less than 1.4% () of India's land a ...

and

Delhi Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, primarily its western or right bank, Delhi shares borders ...

states in

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

. The canal conveys water from the

Yamuna River The Yamuna ( Hindustani: ), also spelt Jumna, is the second-largest tributary river of the Ganges by discharge and the longest tributary in India. Originating from the Yamunotri Glacier at a height of about on the southwestern slopes of Ba ...

at Munak,

, Haryana and travels in a southerly direction, terminating at Haidarpur, Delhi. It is one of the primary sources of drinking water for Delhi. A memorandum of understanding was signed between the Haryana and Delhi governments in 1996 and the Canal was constructed by Haryana between 2003 and 2012 on payment by Delhi. Originally a porous trench, the canal was eventually cemented due to excess seepage, saving 80 million gallons of water per day.

Delhi Branch

The portion of

is also called Delhi Branch, 22 kmHindustan Times on Munak Canal
/ref> canal was built in 1819,Planning Commission of India: Western Yaumna Canal
/ref> and renovated in 2008, originates at Munak village in

Gharaunda Gharaunda is a town and a municipal committee in Karnal district in the state of Haryana, India. It is situated at a distance of sixty-five miles to the northwest of New Delhi. It is eleven miles from Karnal, the district headquarters. The Am ...

tehsil of

is a branch of Western Yaumna Canal to bring 700 cusecs water to

Bhalaut Branch

The Bhalaut Branch, originating at Khubru village, is a sub-branch of ''Delhi branch'' of Western Yaumna Canal that flows through

Jhajjar district Jhajjar district is one of the 22 districts of Haryana state in northern India. Carved out of Rohtak district on 15 July 1997 and with its headquarters in Jhajjar, it lies from Delhi and had developed into an important industrial center. Othe ...

Jhajjar Branch

The Jhajjar Branch is a sub-branch of ''Bhalaut branch'' of Western Yaumna Canal that flows through

Sirsa Branch

The Sirsa Branch, built in 1896C.A.H. Townsend
Final report of thirds revised revenue settlement of Hisar district from 1905-1910
Gazetteer of

Department of Revenue and Disaster Management, Haryana Department of Revenue and Disaster Management, Haryana is a Ministry and department of the Government of Haryana in India. Description This department came into existence when Haryana was established as a new state within India after being sep ...

, point 29. and originating at

Indri The indri (; ''Indri indri''), also called the babakoto, is one of the largest living lemurs, with a head-body length of about and a weight of between . It has a black and white coat and maintains an upright posture when climbing or clinging. ...

, is a sub-branch of ''Sirsa branch'' of Western Yaumna Canal which menders through

Kaithal district Kaithal district is one of the 22 districts of Haryana, state in northern India. Kaithal town is the district headquarters. The district occupies an area of 2317 km2. It has a population of 1,074,304 (2011 census). It is part of Karnal div ...

Fatehabad district Fatehabad District is one of the twenty two districts of the state of Haryana, India. Fatehabad was founded by Firuz Shah Tughlaq. Fatehabad district was carved out of Hisar district on 15 July 1997. It borders districts of Mansa and San ...

and

Sirsa district Sirsa district is the largest district of Haryana state. Sirsa is the district headquarters. It is located on National Highway 9 and from the capital Delhi. Etymology The district is named after its headquarters, Sirsa. The name, Sirsa is der ...

Jind Branch

The Jind Branch is a branch of Western Yaumna Canal which menders through

Barwala Branch

The Barwala Branch is a sub-branch of ''Sirsa branch'' of Western Yaumna Canal. It meanders through Barwala tehsil of

Hansi Branch

The Hansi Branch, built in 1825 and remodeled in 1959, originating at

at Munak village in

tehsil of

Jind district profile
/ref> is a branch of Western Yaumna Canal that meanders through Hansi tehsil of

. This branch was built in the paleochannel of seasonal

Chautang The Chautang is a seasonal river, originating in the Sivalik Hills, in the Indian state of Haryana. The Chautang River is a tributary of the Sarsuti river which in turn is a tributary of the Ghaggar river. Origin and route The Chautang river i ...

river which is a relict of

Drishadvati river The Drishadvati river (IAST:, "She with many stones") is a river hypothesized by Indologists to identify the route of the Vedic river Saraswati and the state of ''Brahmavarta''. According to ''Manusmriti'', the ''Brahmavarta'', where the Rishis c ...

flowing from Kaithal to Hisar district, passing through the towns of

Jind Jind is one of the largest and oldest city in Jind district in the Indian state of Haryana. It is administrative headquarter of Jind district. Rani Talab is the main destination for tourists while Pandu-Pindara and Ramrai are the main reli ...

, Hansi, Hisar, largest Indus Valley civilization site of

Rakhigarhi Rakhigarhi or Rakhi Garhi is a village and an archaeological site belonging to the Indus Valley civilisation in Hisar District of the northern Indian state of Haryana, situated about 150 km northwest of Delhi. It was part of the mature ph ...

and ancient Agroha Mound.

itself was a tributary of extinct

Sarasvati River The Sarasvati River () is a deified river first mentioned in the Rigveda and later in Vedic and post-Vedic texts. It played an important role in the Vedic religion, appearing in all but the fourth book of the Rigveda. As a physical river, i ...

which stills flows in the forms of

Ghaggar-Hakra River The Ghaggar-Hakra River is an intermittent river in India and Pakistan that flows only during the monsoon season. The river is known as Ghaggar in India, before the Ottu barrage, and as the Hakra in Pakistan, downstream of the barrage, ending ...

.ASI Report on Rakghigrahi excavation
/ref>

Butana sub-branch

The Butana Branch is a sub-branch of Western Yaumna Canal's Hansi Branch that meanders through Hansi tehsil of

= Sunder distributory

= The Sunder Branch of ''Western Yamuna Canal'' is a sub-branch of ''Butana branch'' of ''Hansi branch'' and goes to

Kanwari Kanwari, also spelled Kunwari, or Kwari, is a village of 7,000 population, in Hansi-I Tehsil, Hisar-1 Rural Development Block, Hansi (Vidhan Sabha constituency) and Hisar (Lok Sabha constituency) of Hisar District of Hisar Division in th ...

and beyond in

Hisar (district) Hisar district is one of the 22 districts of Haryana, India. Hisar city serves as the district headquarters. Hisar district has four sub-divisions that is, Hisar, Barwala, Hansi and Narnaud, each headed by an SDM. The district is also part of H ...

= Bhiwani Branch

= The Bhiwani Branch, built in 1985, is a sub-branch of Western Yaumna Canal that meanders through

.C.A.H. Townsend
Final report of thirds revised revenue settlement of Hisar district from 1905-1910
Gazetteer of

, point 25.

Rohtak Branch

The Rohtak Branch is a sub-branch of ''Jind branch'' of Western Yaumna Canal and it meanders through Rohtak district.

Jawahar Lal Nehru Lift Irrigation Project

Jawahar Lal Nehru Lift Irrigation Projectfor bringing water from Khubaru to 1st Lift Station JF-1 at Akedi Madanpur up to JF-2 at Salawas Rewari. Therefrom water is lifted for Mahendergarh Canal taking water to

Mahendragarh Mahendragarh is a city and a municipal committee in Mahendragarh district in the Indian state of Haryana. It is from Gurgaon and comes under National Capital Region (India). Etymology Earlier named ''kanaud'', in early 1860s it was renam ...

districts of South and South Western Haryana.

Lift Irrigation Periyar lift irrigation in Kadungallur, Kerala ">Kerala.html" ;"title="Kadungallur, Kerala">Kadungallur, Kerala Lift irrigation is a method of irrigation in which water is not transported by natural flow, (as in gravity-fed canal) but is lif ...

, was approved by the {panning Commission in 1976 as part of the 5th Five-Year Plan and completed during the 7th Five-Year Plan (1985–1990) at a cost of INR 40.30 crore with a command area of 249,900 hectares and irrigation potential of 154,640 hectares.JLN CanalLift Irrigation project
/ref>
The Tribune, Sept 2018. It Forks off as the Salhawas Channel from the Loharu Feeder Canal of the Western Yamuna Canal.The original design capacity of the JLN Canal, which is basically a feeder canal has been 3241 Cusec which was revised to 3541 cusec to accommodate water requirement of two power plants in the region. However the canal operation could never cross 2400 cusec. Chief Engineer Satbir Singh Kadian, an IITian studied the canal afresh in September 2016 and after some engineering, the canal capacity was restored. JLN Feeder Canal has been successfully running at full, original design, capacity of 3250 cusec since 2017. This has increased crop area in Loharu, Narnaul, Mahendergarh, Charkhi Dadari and Rewari areas besides improving the water table in the region. Project has the following distributaries and minors: * Dewana distributary * Gehli Distributary * Hasanpur distributary * Laduwas distributary * Madogarh Distributary * Narnaul Distributary * Nolpur distributary * Rasauli distributary * Shahbazpur distributary * Alipur Minor * Ateli Monor * Dhancholi Minor * Gopal Minor * Jawahar Lal Nehru Canal * Khamania Minor * Kheri Minor Lal Bahadur Shastri Channel * Salhawas Minor

Sutlej Yamuna Link Canal

Sutlej Yamuna Link Canal (SARYU) or SYL as it is popularly known, is a proposed long canal in

, construction of which is on hold due to the legal disputes, to connect the Sutlej and

rivers.
However, the proposal met obstaclesSetluj-Yamuna link canal obstacles
/ref> However, the proposal met obstacles and was referred to the Supreme Court of India. It defines river water sharing between Punjab & Haryana states.

External links

Canal network of Haryana
based on water from Western Yamuna Canal

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Western Yamuna Canal Canals in Haryana Irrigation in Haryana Canals in Hisar district Yamuna River Yamunanagar district