Wano is a

Papuan language The Papuan languages are the non-Austronesian languages spoken on the western Pacific island of New Guinea, as well as neighbouring islands in Indonesia, Solomon Islands, and East Timor. It is a strictly geographical grouping, and does not imply a ...

spoken by the Wano people in

Puncak Puncak or Puncak Pass (; ) is a mountain pass in Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia. The pass connects the cities of Bogor and Bandung and is spread within the regencies of Bogor, Cianjur, and Sukabumi. Puncak Pass is located between Mt. Gede ...

and

Puncak Jaya Puncak Jaya (; literally "Victorious Peak", Amungme: ''Nemangkawi Ninggok'') or Carstensz Pyramid (, , ) on the island of New Guinea, with an elevation of , is the highest mountain peak of an island on Earth, and the highest peak in Indones ...

regencies of the Indonesian province of

Central Papua Central Papua, officially the Central Papua Province () is an Indonesian Provinces of Indonesia, province located in the central region of Western New Guinea. It was formally established on 25 July 2022 from the former eight western regencies of ...

Phonology

As well as the

monophthong A monophthong ( ) is a pure vowel sound, or one whose articulation at beginning and end is relatively fixed, with the tongue moving neither up nor down and neither forward nor backward towards a new position of articulation. A monophthong can be ...

s described above, Wano also has seven

diphthong A diphthong ( ), also known as a gliding vowel or a vowel glide, is a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable. Technically, a diphthong is a vowel with two different targets: that is, the tongue (and/or other parts of ...

s: .

Allophony

* The voiced

plosive In phonetics, a plosive, also known as an occlusive or simply a stop, is a pulmonic consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases. The occlusion may be made with the tongue tip or blade (, ), tongue body (, ), lip ...

s // and // are imploded to and when word-initially and intervocalically. * When a nasal occurs before //, // becomes a prenasalized voiced plosive ��b Similarly, when a nasal occurs before // or //, they become, respectively, ��dand ��ɡ * and intervocalically become and . * //, //, //, and //'s

allophone In phonology, an allophone (; from the Greek , , 'other' and , , 'voice, sound') is one of multiple possible spoken soundsor '' phones''used to pronounce a single phoneme in a particular language. For example, in English, the voiceless plos ...

, ��ɡbecome labialized before //, with // becoming []. * The Consonant cluster, sequences /tj/ and /dj/ become the palatal fricatives / /. However, this analysis more signifies the corresponding Dutch digraphs, since these have no morphological significance, and in the modern orthography these are written as ⟨c⟩ and ⟨j⟩.

Orthography

Here is the orthography used by Willem Burung on his works. These are not necessarily separate letters.

Grammar

Nouns

Inalienable nouns could be pluralized by suffixing ''-i'' (after consonants) or ''-vi'' (after vowels), while alienable nouns do not (similar to Indonesian, where pluralization is optional). The inalienable plurals can be postposed with numerals (''aburi kena'' "her two children").

References

Bibliography

* Dani languages {{papuan-lang-stub