Vishnu Prabhakar
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Vishnu Prabhakar (21 June 1912 – 11 April 2009) was a
Hindi Hindi (Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been de ...
writer. He had several short stories, novels, plays and travelogues to his credit. Prabhakar's works have elements of patriotism, nationalism and messages of social upliftment. He was the First
Sahitya Academy Award The Sahitya Akademi Award is a literary honour in India, which the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, annually confers on writers of the most outstanding books of literary merit published in any of the 22 languages of the ...
winner from
Haryana Haryana (; ) is an Indian state located in the northern part of the country. It was carved out of the former state of East Punjab on 1 Nov 1966 on a linguistic basis. It is ranked 21st in terms of area, with less than 1.4% () of India's land ar ...
. He was awarded the
Sahitya Akademi Award The Sahitya Akademi Award is a literary honour in India, which the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, annually confers on writers of the most outstanding books of literary merit published in any of the 22 languages of the ...
in 1993, Mahapandit Rahul Sankrityayan Award in 1995 and the
Padma Bhushan The Padma Bhushan is the third-highest civilian award in the Republic of India, preceded by the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan and followed by the Padma Shri. Instituted on 2 January 1954, the award is given for "distinguished service ...
(the third highest civilian honour of India) by the
Government of India The Government of India (ISO: ; often abbreviated as GoI), known as the Union Government or Central Government but often simply as the Centre, is the national government of the Republic of India, a federal democracy located in South Asia, c ...
in 2004.


Life and career

Along with his work he pursued an interest in literature. He also joined a Natak company in Hissar. His literary life started with the publication of his first story ''Diwali'' in the Hindi Milap in 1931. He wrote Hatya Ke Baad, his first play in 1939. Eventually he began writing as a full-time career. He stayed with the family of his maternal uncle until the age of twenty seven. He married Sushila Prabhakar in 1938 who stayed as an inspiration source for his literature until her death in 1980.Aalekh Samvad, June 2003 After Indian Independence he worked as a drama director, from September 1955 to March 1957, in Akashvani,
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, New Delhi. He made news when in 2005 he threatened to return his
Padma Bhushan The Padma Bhushan is the third-highest civilian award in the Republic of India, preceded by the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan and followed by the Padma Shri. Instituted on 2 January 1954, the award is given for "distinguished service ...
award after he allegedly had to face misconduct at
Rashtrapati Bhavan The Rashtrapati Bhavan (, rāsh-truh-puh-ti bha-vun; ; originally Viceroy's House and later Government House) is the official residence of the President of India at the western end of Rajpath, Raisina Hill, New Delhi, India. Rashtrapati Bh ...
. Vishnu Prabhakar died at the age of 96, on 11 April 2009 after a brief illness in New Delhi.Prabhakar's death marks end of an era of Hindi literature (AOL India News)
/ref> He was suffering from a heart problem and infection of the urinary tract. His wife, Sushila Prabhakar, had died in 1980. Prabhakar is survived by two sons and two daughters. His sons Atul Prabhakar and Amit Prabhakar decided to donate his body to the
All India Institute of Medical Sciences The All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) is a group of autonomous government public medical universities of higher education under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare , Government of India. These institutes ha ...
, New Delhi as their father's last wishes.


How he became 'Prabhakar'

He became 'Vishnu Prabhakar' from 'Vishnu'; his name was listed as 'Vishnu Dayal' in the primary school of Mirapur. In the Arya Samaj school, on being asked the 'Varna', he answered – 'Vaishya'. The teacher put down his name as 'Vishnu Gupta'. When he joined government service, the officers changed his name to 'Vishnu Dharmadutt' because there were many 'Guptas' in the office and it confused the officers. He continued writing by the pen name of 'Vishnu'. Once an editor asked, "Why do you use such a short name? Have you passed any examination?" Vishnu answered that he had passed 'Prabhakar' examination in Hindi. Thus the editor appended ''Prabhakar'' to his name making it 'Vishnu Prabhakar'.


Bibliography


Novels

# Dhalti Raat, 1951 # Nishikant, 1955 # Tat Ke Bandhan, # Darpan Ka Vyakti, 1968 # Parchhai, 1968 # Koi To, 1980 # Ardhnarishwar, 1992


Story Collections

# Ek Kahani Ka Janam (एक कहानी का जन्म) (Collection of his Love Stories), 2008 # Aadi Aur Ant, 1945 # Rehman Ka Beta, 1947 # Zindagi Ke Thapede, 1952 # Sangharsh Ke Baad, 1953 # Dharti Ab Bhi Ghoom Rahi Hai, 1959 # Safar Ke Saathi, 1960 # Khandit Pooja, 1960 # Sanche Aur Kala, 1962 # Meri Tentis Kahaniya, 1967 # Meri Priya Kahaniya, 1970 # Pul Tootne Se Pehle, 1977, # Mera Watan (मेरा वतन), 1980, # Meri Lokpriya Kahaniya, 1981 # Meri Badrinath Yatra # Khilone, 1981 # Aapki Kripa (Short Stories), 1982 # Meri Kahaniya, 1984 # Meri Kathayatra, 1984 # Ek Aur Kunti, 1985 # Zindagi Ek Rehearsal, 1986 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;


Poetry

# Chalta Chala Jaonga, 2010


Plays

# Naprabhat, 1951 # Samaadhi (Gaandhar Ki Bhikshuni), 1952 # Doctor, 1961 # Yuge-Yuge Kranti, 1969 # Toot-te Parivesh, 1974 # Kuhaasa Aur Kiran, 1975 # Tagar, 1977 # Bandini(बंदिनी), 1979 # Satta Ke Aar-Paar, 1981 # Ab Aur Nahin, 1981 # Shwet Kamal, 1984 # Keral Ka Krantikari, 1987 # Vishnu Prabhkar : Sampurna Natak (Part-1,2,3), 1987 # Pustak Kit # Seema rekha # Sanskar aur Bhavna


Biographies – Memories

# Jaane Anjaane, 1961 # Kuchh Shabd : Kuchh Rekhaayen, 1965 # Aawara Masiha, 1974 # Amar Shahid
Bhagat Singh Bhagat Singh (27 September 1907 – 23 March 1931) was a charismatic Indian revolutionary* * who participated in the mistaken murder of a junior British police officer * * in what was to be retaliation for the death of an Indian national ...
, 1976 # Sardar
Vallabhbhai Patel Vallabhbhai Jhaverbhai Patel (; ; 31 October 1875 – 15 December 1950), commonly known as Sardar, was an Indian lawyer, influential political leader, barrister and statesman who served as the first Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister of I ...
, 1976 # Swami
Dayananda Saraswati Dayanand Saraswati () (born Mool Shankar Tiwari; 2 February 1824 – 30 October 1883) also known as Maharshi Dayanand is an Indian philosopher, social leader and founder of the Arya Samaj, a Hindu reform movement. His Magnum Opus is the bo ...
, 1978 # Yadaun Ki Teerthyatra, 1981 # Shuchi Smita, 1982 # Mere Agraj : Mere Meet, 1983 # Samantar Rekhaayen, 1984 # Hum Inke Rini Hain, 1984 # Mere Humsafar, 1985 # Rah Chalte-Chalte, 1985 #
Kaka Kalelkar Dattatreya Balkrishna Kalelkar (1 December 1885 – 21 August 1981), popularly known as Kaka Kalelkar, was an Indian independence activist, social reformer, journalist and an eminent follower of the philosophy and methods of Mahatma Gandhi. B ...
, 1985


Essays

# Jan-Samaj Aur Sanskriti : Ek Samgra Drishti, 1981 # Kya Khoya Kya Paya, 1982


Children's Literature

#Imandar Balak # Mote Lal, 1955 # Kunti Ke Bete, 1958 # Ramu Ki Holi, 1959 # Dada Ki Kachehari, 1959 # Sharachandra, 1959 # Jab Didi Bhoot Bani, 1960 # Jeevan Parag, 1963 # Bankimchandra, 1968 # Abhinav Ekanki, 1968 # Abhinay Ekanki, 1969 # Swaraj Ki Kahani, 1971 # Hadtaal, 1972 # Jaadu Ki Gaay, 1972 # Ghamand Ka Phal, 1973 # Nutan Baal Ekanki, 1975 # Heere Ki Pehchaan, 1976 # Motiyon Ki Kheti, 1976 # Paap Ka Ghada, 1976 # Gudiya Kho Gayi, 1977 # Aise-Aise, 1978 # Tapovan Ki Kahaniyan # Pahad Chade Gajanand Lal, 1981 # Balvarsha Zindabad, 1981 # Khoya Hua Ratan (खोया हुआ रत्न), 2008 # Pustak Keet


Miscellaneous

# Baapu Ki Batein, 1954 # Hajrat Umar 1955 # Meri badrinath ki yatra, 1955 # Kasturba Gandhi, 1955 # Aise Thai Sardar, 1957 # Ha-Du-Al Rashid, 1957 # Hamare Padosi, 1957 # Man Ke Jeete Jeet, 1957 # Murabbi, 1957 # Kumhar Ki Beti, 1957 # Baajiprabhu Deshpande, 1957 # Shankracharya, 1959 # Yamuna Ki Kahani, 1960 # Ravindranath Thakur, 1961 # Pehla Sukh : Nirogi Kaya, 1963 # Main Achhoot Hoon, 1968 # Ek Desh : Ek Hridaya, 1973 # Manav Adhikar # Nagarikta Ki Aur # Theka


Others

*Plays: Prakash aur Parchhaiyan, Barah Ekanki, Ashok *संस्मरण: हमसफ़र मिलते रहे


Awards and honours

#
Sahitya Akademi Award The Sahitya Akademi Award is a literary honour in India, which the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, annually confers on writers of the most outstanding books of literary merit published in any of the 22 languages of the ...
, 1993 # Mahapandit Rahul Sankrityayan Award, 1995 #
Padma Bhushan The Padma Bhushan is the third-highest civilian award in the Republic of India, preceded by the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan and followed by the Padma Shri. Instituted on 2 January 1954, the award is given for "distinguished service ...
, 2004 List of Padma Bhushan Recipients # Soviet land nehru award , 1976 for awara masiha Both
Sahitya Akademi The Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, is an organisation dedicated to the promotion of literature in the languages of India. Founded on 12 March 1954, it is supported by, though independent of, the Indian government. Its of ...
and
Padma Bhushan The Padma Bhushan is the third-highest civilian award in the Republic of India, preceded by the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan and followed by the Padma Shri. Instituted on 2 January 1954, the award is given for "distinguished service ...
awards were given for his novel Ardhanarishvara (The Androgynous God or
Shiva Shiva (; sa, शिव, lit=The Auspicious One, Śiva ), also known as Mahadeva (; ɐɦaːd̪eːʋɐ, or Hara, is one of the principal deities of Hinduism. He is the Supreme Being in Shaivism, one of the major traditions within Hindu ...
).


References


Sources

*Sandhya Singh (Editor) 2004. ''Sanvaad Part 2'',
NCERT The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) is an autonomous organisation of the Government of India which was established in 1961 as a literary, scientific and charitable Society under the Societies Registration Act. Its hea ...
, New Delhi {{DEFAULTSORT:Prabhakar, Vishnu 1912 births 2009 deaths Hindi-language writers Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in literature & education People from Muzaffarnagar district People from Hisar (city) Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Hindi Writers from Haryana 20th-century Indian novelists 20th-century Indian biographers 20th-century Indian essayists 20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights 20th-century Indian short story writers 20th-century Indian male writers