The Violet Line was a boundary line agreed between the
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...
and the
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
in March 1914.
[{{citation , url= https://www.dur.ac.uk/ibru/publications/view/?id=49, title=The Iraq-Kuwait boundary dispute: historical background and the UN decisions of 1992 and 1993, author=Harry Brown, publisher=IBRU Boundary and Security Bulletin, date=October 1994, accessdate= 1 April 2020] It started from the termination of the Blue Line agreed to at the
Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 1913
The Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 1913, also known as the "Blue Line", was an agreement between the Sublime Porte of the Ottoman Empire and the Government of the United Kingdom which defined the limits of Ottoman jurisdiction in the area of the P ...
and extended to the border between the Ottoman
Yemen Vilayet
ota, ولايت یمن
, common_name = Yemen Vilayet
, subdivision = Vilayet
, nation = the Ottoman Empire
, year_start = 1872
, year_end = 1918
, date_start =
, ...
and the British
Aden Protectorates. Together with the Blue Line, the Violet Line effectively divided the Arabian peninsula in two.
References
Further reading
*Anscombe, Frederick F. ''The Ottoman Gulf: the creation of Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar'' New York: Columbia University Press, 1997.
*Kelly, J. B. ''Eastern Arabian Frontiers'' New York: Frederick A Praeger, 1964.
*Kelly, J. B. ''Sovereignty and Jurisdiction in Eastern Arabia'' International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs) 34.4 (1958): 16-24.
*
Hurewitz, J. C., ed. ''The Middle East and North Africa in World Politics: A Documentary Record'', 2nd edn. Vol. 1: European Expansion, 1535-1914. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1975, pp.567-570.
*Schofield, Richard. ''Kuwait and Iraq: Historical and Territorial Disputes''. London: Chatham House, 1991.
*Slot, B. J. Mubarak al-Sabah: ''Founder of Modern Kuwait 1896-1915''. Arabian Publishing Ltd, 2005.
*Tallon, James N. "Allies and Adversaries: Anglo-Ottoman Boundary Negotiation in the Middle East, 1906–1914" in Justin Q. Olmsted ''Britain in the Islamic World Imperial and Post-Imperial Connections'' London: Palgrave, 2019, 89-105.
*Wilkinson, John C. ''Arabia’s Frontiers: The Story of Britain’s Boundary Drawing in the Desert'', London: I.B. Taurus & Co Ltd, 1991, 100-108.
Borders of Yemen
1914 in the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman period in Yemen
Ottoman Empire–United Kingdom relations