Vinnytsia ( ; uk, Вінниця, ; yi, װיניצע) is a

city A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...

in west-central

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...

, located on the banks of the Southern Bug. It is the

administrative center An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located. In countries with French as administrative language (such as Belgium, Lu ...

of Vinnytsia Oblast and the largest city in the historic region of

Podillia Podolia or Podilia ( uk, Поділля, Podillia, ; russian: Подолье, Podolye; ro, Podolia; pl, Podole; german: Podolien; be, Падолле, Padollie; lt, Podolė), is a historic region in Eastern Europe, located in the west-central ...

. Administratively, it is incorporated as a town of oblast significance. It also serves as an administrative center of

Vinnytsia Raion Vinnytsia Raion ( uk, Вінницький район) is one of the 6 raions of Vinnytsia Oblast, located in southwestern Ukraine. The administrative center of the raion is the city of Vinnytsia. Population: On 18 July 2020, as part of the adm ...

, one of the 6 districts of Vinnytsia Oblast, though it is not a part of the district. It has a population of . The city's roots date back to the

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire ...

. It was under Lithuanian and Polish control for centuries until the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...

annexed it in 1793. During the 1930s and early 1940s the city was the site of massacres, first during Stalin's purges and then during

the Holocaust in Ukraine The Holocaust in Ukraine took place in the ''Reichskommissariat Ukraine'', the '' General Government'', the ''Crimean General Government'' and some areas which were located to the East of Reichskommissariat Ukraine (all of those areas were unde ...

and the

Nazi occupation German-occupied Europe refers to the sovereign countries of Europe which were wholly or partly occupied and civil-occupied (including puppet governments) by the military forces and the government of Nazi Germany at various times between 1939 ...

. A Cold War–era airbase was located near the city.

Name

The name of Vinnytsia appeared for the first time in 1363. It is assumed that the name is derived from the old Slavic word " Vino", meaning "bride price." This name can be explained by the fact that Vinnytsia and the surrounding land were captured by Lithuanian Duke Algirdas in the 14th century, and then, they were given as a gift to his nephews.

Geography

Location

Vinnytsia is located about southwest of the Ukrainian capital,

Kyiv Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making Kyiv the seventh-most populous city in Europe. Kyi ...

, north-northwest of the

Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, Rom ...

port city of Odessa, and east of

Lviv Lviv ( uk, Львів) is the largest city in western Ukraine, and the seventh-largest in Ukraine, with a population of . It serves as the administrative centre of Lviv Oblast and Lviv Raion, and is one of the main cultural centres of Ukrain ...

. It is the

of the Vinnytsia Oblast (

province A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman '' provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions ou ...

), as well as the administrative center of the surrounding

(

district A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or county, counties, several municipality, municipa ...

) within the oblast. The city itself is directly subordinated to the oblast.

Climate

The town has a warm-summer

humid continental climate A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, typified by four distinct seasons and large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and freezing ...

(

Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bernd Köppen (born 1951), German pianist and composer * Carl Köppen (1833-1907), German military advisor in Meiji era Japan * Edlef Köppen (1893–1939), German author and ...

: ''Dfb''), similar to northern

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, ...

in the United States in some respects. A long lasting warm summer with a sufficient quantity of moisture and a comparatively short winter is characteristic of Vinnytsia. The average temperature in January is and in July. The average annual precipitation is . Over the course of a year there are around 6–9 days when snowstorms occur, 37–60 days when mists occur during the cold period, and 3–5 days when thunderstorms with hail occur.

History

From Medieval to Early Modern period

Vinnytsia has been an important trade and political center since the fourteenth century, when Fiodor Koriatowicz, the nephew of the Lithuanian Duke Algirdas, built a fortress (1363) against Tatar raiders on the banks of the Southern Bug. The original settlement was built and populated by Aleksander Hrehorovicz Jelec, hetman under Lithuanian Prince Švitrigaila. Aleksander Jelec built the fort, which he commanded as starosta afterwards. In the 15th century, Lithuanian Grand Duke

Alexander Jagiellon Alexander Jagiellon ( pl, Aleksander Jagiellończyk, lt, Aleksandras Jogailaitis; 5 August 1461 – 19 August 1506) of the House of Jagiellon was the Grand Duke of Lithuania and later also King of Poland. He was the fourth son of Casimir IV Jag ...

granted Winnica Magdeburg city rights. In 1566, it became part of the

Bracław Voivodeship The Bracław Voivodeship ( la, Palatinatus Braclaviensis; ; uk, Брацлавське воєводство, ''Braclavśke vojevodstvo'') was a unit of administrative division of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Created in 1566 as part of the ...

. Between 1569 and 1793 the town was a part of

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...

. Within this period, for a short time between 1672 and 1699, the city was a part of the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

(and still part of the historic region of

Podolia Podolia or Podilia ( uk, Поділля, Podillia, ; russian: Подолье, Podolye; ro, Podolia; pl, Podole; german: Podolien; be, Падолле, Padollie; lt, Podolė), is a historic region in Eastern Europe, located in the west-central ...

). During Polish rule, Winnica was a Polish royal city. On 18 March 1783, Antoni Protazy Potocki opened in Winnica the Trade Company Poland. After the

Second Partition of Poland The 1793 Second Partition of Poland was the second of three partitions (or partial annexations) that ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The second partition occurred in the aftermath of the Polish–Russian W ...

in 1793 the

annexed the city and the region. Russia moved to expunge the

Roman Catholic Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy * Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD * Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a let ...

religion. Catholic churches in the city, including what is now the Transfiguration Cathedral, were converted to

Russian Orthodox Russian Orthodoxy (russian: Русское православие) is the body of several churches within the larger communion of Eastern Orthodox Christianity, whose liturgy is or was traditionally conducted in Church Slavonic language. Most ...

churches.

In the Russian census of 1897, Vinnytsia had a population of 30,563. It was the third largest city in the

region after Kamianets-Podilskyi and Uman. The Vinnytsia massacre was the mass execution of between 9,000 and 11,000 people in Vinnytsia by the Soviet secret police

NKVD The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (russian: Наро́дный комиссариа́т вну́тренних дел, Naródnyy komissariát vnútrennikh del, ), abbreviated NKVD ( ), was the interior ministry of the Soviet Union. ...

during the

Great Purge The Great Purge or the Great Terror (russian: Большой террор), also known as the Year of '37 (russian: 37-й год, translit=Tridtsat sedmoi god, label=none) and the Yezhovshchina ('period of Yezhov'), was Soviet General Secret ...

in 1937–1938.Valery Vasiliev, Yuriy Shapoval, "Stages of «Great Terror»: The Vinnytsia Tragedy", ''

Zerkalo Nedeli ''Dzerkalo Tyzhnia'' ( ua, Дзеркало тижня), usually referred to in English as the ''Mirror Weekly'', was one of Ukraine's most influential analytical weekly-publisher newspapers, founded in 1994.in Russian

in Ukrainian
)

World War II

Vinnytsia was occupied by German troops on 19 July 1941 during

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...

. While Vinnytsia had a pre-war Jewish population of over 34,000, only 17,000 of these Jews remained, with the rest of them successfully being evacuated to the interior of the Soviet Union beforehand. Virtually all of the Jews who remained in Vinnytsia under Nazi occupation were subsequently murdered in the

Holocaust The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe; ...

Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Nazi Germany, Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his death in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the le ...

sited his eastern headquarters, ''Führerhauptquartier Werwolf'' or ''Wehrwolf'', at the Wehrmacht headquarters near the town. The complex was built in 1941–1942 by Russian prisoners of war. Many of them were subsequently killed. Hitler's accommodation consisted of a log cabin built around a private courtyard with its own concrete bunker. The complex included about 20 other log buildings, a power station, gardens, wells, three bunkers, a swimming pool, and wire and defensive positions. Hitler spent a number of weeks at Wehrwolf in 1942 and early 1943. The few remains of the Wehrwolf site, described in one report as a "pile of concrete" because it was destroyed by the Nazis in 1944, can be visited. Plans to create a full-fledged museum had not come to fruition as of August 2018. Nazi atrocities were committed in and near Vinnytsia by Einsatzgruppe C. Estimates of the number of victims often run as high as 28,000. Historian Oliver Rathkolb states that 35,000 Jews were deported from the Vinnytsia region and most of those later died. In 1942 a large part of the Jewish quarter of Yerusalimka was destroyed by Germans. One infamous photo, '' The Last Jew of Vinnytsia'', shows a member of the Einsatzgruppe about to execute a Jewish man kneeling before a mass grave. The text ''The Last Jew of Vinnytsia'' was written on the back of the photograph, which was found in a photo album belonging to a German soldier. It was captured by the

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army ( Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, afte ...

on 20 March 1944.

Soviet era

After the end of

, Vinnytsia was the home for major

Soviet Air Forces The Soviet Air Forces ( rus, Военно-воздушные силы, r=Voyenno-vozdushnyye sily, VVS; literally "Military Air Forces") were one of the air forces of the Soviet Union. The other was the Soviet Air Defence Forces. The Air Forces ...

base, including an

airfield An aerodrome ( Commonwealth English) or airdrome (American English) is a location from which aircraft flight operations take place, regardless of whether they involve air cargo, passengers, or neither, and regardless of whether it is for pub ...

, a hospital, arsenals, and other military installations. The headquarters of the 43rd Rocket Army of the

Strategic Rocket Forces The Strategic Rocket Forces of the Russian Federation or the Strategic Missile Forces of the Russian Federation (RVSN RF; russian: Ракетные войска стратегического назначения Российской Фед� ...

was stationed in Vinnytsia from 1960 to the early 1990s. The 2nd Independent Heavy Bomber Aviation Corps, which later became

24th Air Army The 24th Air Army was an Air army (Soviet Union), Air army of the Soviet Air Forces, active from 1980, and probably inactivated in 1992. Its headquarters was located at Vinnitsa. First formation (1949–1968) From 1949 to 1968, the 16th Air Army ...

, was stationed in Vinnytsia from 1960 to 1992.

Independent Ukraine

The Ukrainian Air Force Command has been based in Vinnytsia since 1992. During the

2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine On 24 February 2022, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, which began in 2014. The invasion has resulted in tens of thousands of deaths on both sides. It has caused Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II. ...

, the command center was significantly damaged by Russian cruise missiles on 25 March 2022. On 14 July 2022 the center of the city was attacked with three Russian cruise missiles. Missiles hit the local NeuroMed clinic and House of the Officers, which currently used as a concert hall. Due to the strike 23 persons were killed (among them three children), 73 were injured and 18 are missing. The next day Russian Ministry of defense said that the target was a top-ranking Ukrainian military officers and representatives of foreign military industry companies.

Education

There are many educational universities and research institutions in Vinnytsia: * Vinnytsia Institute of Economics and Social Sciences * Vinnytsia National Medical University. N. I. Pirogov * Vinnytsia National Technical University * Vinnytsia State Pedagogical University, named after

Mykhailo Kotsiubynsky Mykhailo Mykhailovych Kotsiubynsky ( uk, Михайло Михайлович Коцюбинський), (September 17, 1864 – April 25, 1913) was a Ukrainian author whose writings described typical Ukrainian life at the start of the 20th centur ...

; * Vinnytsia National Agrarian University * Vinnytsia European University * Vinnytsia Trade and Economics Institute * Vinnytsia Social Economical Institute * Donetsk National University, evacuated from Donetsk in 2014 due to armed conflict in eastern Ukraine. There is also the Regional Universal Scientific Library named after Kliment Timiryazev in Vinnytsia.

Economy

Vinnytsia is an industrial center in Ukraine. There are the Roshen confectionery corporation, the Crystal diamond polishing corporation,

RPC Fort Fort ('' uk, КП НВО "Форт" МВС України'' (full name), ''НВО "Форт"'' (short name)) is a Ukrainian weapons manufacturer from Vinnytsia, Ukraine. History In 1991, a new company was formed to design and manufacture small a ...

largest Ukrainian firearms manufacturing corporation, Analog corporation, Mayak corporation, Budmash corporation, Agregat corporation, Pnevmatika corporation, PlasmaTec corporation etc.

Military

The headquarters of the Ukrainian Air Force is situated in Vinnytsia.

Politics

Vinnytsia is considered the long-time political base for Ukrainian oligarch and former President

Petro Poroshenko Petro Oleksiyovych Poroshenko ( uk, Петро́ Олексі́йович Пороше́нко, ; born 26 September 1965) is a Ukrainian businessman and politician who served as the fifth president of Ukraine from 2014 to 2019. Poroshenko se ...

. He owns a local confectionery (as part of the Roshen Corporation) and was elected member of

parliament In modern politics, and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: representing the electorate, making laws, and overseeing the government via hearings and inquiries. Th ...

from the local constituency for several convocations. However, contrary to some speculations, Poroshenko has never lived in the city. The former Ukrainian

Prime Minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister i ...

Volodymyr Groysman is from Vinnytsia.

Parks and squares

Central urban park in Vinnytsia Park of Culture and Rest named after Maxim Gorky located in Vinnytsia city – between the streets of the Cathedral (center), May Day and Khmelnytsky highway. The park is 40 hectares. In the park there are numerous monuments (Gorky at the main entrance, soldiers in Afghanistan, Sich Riflemen, killed police officers), and "Walk illustrious countrymen" are objects of leisure and recreation: a concert hall "Rainbow", a summer theater, stadium, ice club, city planetarium, numerous attractions and gaming machines. For more than 70 years history of the park has always been a place of celebration as the general public and local/municipal events and holidays. Fine tradition was held in the park folk festivals and holidays is particularly on City Day, Victory Day, Independence Day and more.

Buildings and structures

* Saint Nicholas Church is considered to be the oldest building in the city. * The Transfiguration Cathedral, built in Vinnytsia in 1758. * The new Greek Catholic Church at South Bug river. * Baptist Church – reportedly one of the largest Evangelical Church Buildings in Europe. *

TV Tower Vinnytsia The Vinnytsia TV Mast () is a 354-metre, 1161 ft high guyed steel tube mast, used for FM- and TV-transmission, in Vinnytsia, Ukraine. A special feature of its structure are three crossbars arranged in 120 degree angles in two levels, running fro ...

* Vaksman family's real estate, 1915 – Style: Art Nouveau. Address: 24 Chkalov Street. Built by architect Moisey Aaronovitch Vaksman. Architectural landmark. * Afghan War Museum and War Glory Memorial Park – The Afghan War Museum is located in the red-brick bell tower. Exhibits include photos, letters and other artifacts representing Vinnytsia soldiers who fought in that war. The Memorial Park contains a large statue representing three different soldiers from World War II. An eternal flame burns in front of the statue. * Multimedia Fountain Roshen – Built in 2011, it is considered one of the largest floating fountains in Europe. It is the major multimedia attraction in the city. *The Literary and Memorial Museum of the “great sun-lover”, classical author of Ukrainian literature M.M.Kotsyubynsky, is very popular among local inhabitants and guests; it is also a place of development for creative youth. In the city, numerous historical buildings are being repaired and new ones are being built. *The national Pirogov's estate museum File:Vinnytsia, Soborna St 02.jpg, St. Cathedral File:Vinnytsia Kozytskoho 36 SAM 0054.JPG, Savoy Hotel File:Монастир Капуцинів, Вінниця, вул. Соборна, 12—14.JPG, Capuchin monastery File:Вінниця - Готель "Франціія". Вул. Соборна, 34 P1090188.JPG, Hotel France File:Винницкая мэрия.JPG, City hall

Transport

Air

Havryshivka Vinnytsia International Airport ( IATA: VIN, ICAO: UKWW) is situated near Vinnytsia.

Railway

There is a railway station in Vinnytsia, which is a part of 'South-Western Railway'. In 2013 it was named among 10 biggest railway stations in Ukraine. The current Vinnytsia railway station was built in 1952 and is the 4th railway building in Vinnytsia. The previous three were destroyed. Vinnytsia is an important transport hub for internal and external railway connections. Most of the international trains which cross through Ukraine have a stop in Vinnytsia. For example, trains from Moscow and Saint Petersburg (Russia), Minsk (Belarus), Sofia (Bulgaria), Chisinau (Moldova), Bratislava (Slovakia), Belgrade (Serbia), Budapest (Hungary) transit through Vinnytsia. For internal railway connections, Vinnytsia is also an important transport point for trains heading to Western Ukraine (Lviv, Khmelnytskyi, Chernivtsi), the South (Odessa), as well as to Central Ukraine (Kyiv).

Tram

Lenins'kyi District, Vinnytsia, Vinnyts'ka oblast, Ukraine - panoramio - Leonid Andronov (8)

The tram is the most popular public transport in Vinnytsia. There are six tram routes in Vinnytsia: Many trams in Vinnytsia are donations from the '' Verkehrsbetriebe Zürich'' (VBZ), the public transport operator of

Zürich , neighboring_municipalities = Adliswil, Dübendorf, Fällanden, Kilchberg, Maur, Oberengstringen, Opfikon, Regensdorf, Rümlang, Schlieren, Stallikon, Uitikon, Urdorf, Wallisellen, Zollikon , twintowns = Kunming, San Francisco Zürich ...

, Switzerland. In the early 2000s, the VBZ donated its 1960s ''Karpfen'' and ''Mirage'' rolling stock to Vinnytsia, and they will do so again in 2022 with 35 '' Tram 2000'' vehicles. The Swiss trams retain their blue and white liveries in Vinnytsian service.

Bus

There are the central bus station and the Western bus station in Vinnytsia.

Notable people

Isaac Joel Linetzky line drawing portrait from Dos Poylishe Yungel

* Nathan Altman (1889–1970) a Russian and Soviet avant-garde artist, Cubist painter, stage designer and book illustrator. * Larysa Artiugina (born 1971) a Ukrainian documentary film director and activist * Sam Born (1891–1959) an American businessman, candy maker and inventor. * Matvei Petrovich Bronstein (1906–1938) a theoretical physicist, a pioneer of quantum gravity * Valeriy Chaly (born 1970) diplomat; Ambassador of Ukraine to the USA from 2015–2019 * Todros Geller (1889–1949) a Jewish American artist, teacher and master printmaker * Volodymyr Groysman (born 1978) politician,

Prime Minister of Ukraine The prime minister of Ukraine ( uk, Прем'єр-міністр України, ) is the head of government of Ukraine. The prime minister presides over the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, which is the highest body of the executive branch of th ...

2016-2019 *

Victoria Koblenko Victoria Koblenko ( uk, Вікторія Кобленко, russian: Виктория Кобленко; born 19 December 1980, in Vinnitsa, Ukrainian SSR) is a Dutch actress, presenter and columnist of Ukrainian descent. Early life and education ...

(born 1980) Dutch actress, presenter and columnist *

(1864–1913) author of novels and short stories. His home is a museum. * Volodymyr Kozhukhar (1941–2022) conductor and academic teacher *

Mykola Leontovych Mykola Dmytrovych Leontovych (23 January 1921; ua, Микола Дмитрович Леонтович, link=no (); also Leontovich) was a Ukrainian composer, conductor, ethnomusicologist and teacher. His music was inspired by the Ukrainian c ...

(1877–1921) Ukrainian composer who worked here * Alexander Lerner (1913–2004) Soviet-Israeli

cyberneticist A cyberneticist or a cybernetician is a person who practices cybernetics. Heinz von Foerster once told Stuart Umpleby that Norbert Wiener preferred the term "cybernetician" rather than "cyberneticist", perhaps because Wiener was a mathematician ...

and

dissident A dissident is a person who actively challenges an established political or religious system, doctrine, belief, policy, or institution. In a religious context, the word has been used since the 18th century, and in the political sense since the 20th ...

* Yuri Levada (1930–2006) sociologist, political scientist and the founder of the

Levada Center The Levada Center is a Russian independent, nongovernmental polling and sociological research organization. It is named after its founder, the first Russian professor of sociology Yuri Levada (1930–2006). The center traces back its history to 1 ...

* Yitzkhok Yoel Linetzky (1839–1915) a Yiddish language author and early Zionist. * Anatoly Lysenko (1937–2021) a Soviet and Russian TV figure, journalist, director and producer. * Marina (born 1989) Polish singer of Ukrainian origin * Jerzy Niezbrzycki (1902–1968) captain of the Polish Army * Illia Nyzhnyk (born 1996) a Ukrainian chess grandmaster * Alla Pavlova (b. 1952), composer * Nikolay Pirogov (1810–1881) originally from Moscow, an Imperial Russian doctor, founder of field surgery, spent his later years in Vinnytsia; his home is a museum. * Olya Polyakova (born 1979) a Ukrainian singer, TV presenter and comedian * Maksym Shapoval (1978–2017) intelligence officer and head of a special forces of the Ukrainian Chief Directorate of Intelligence; assassinated by Russian agents in 2017. * Vladyslav Skalsky (born 1976) a Ukrainian civil servant and politician. * Olga Storozhenko (born 1992) Miss Ukraine Universe 2013 & Top 10 Miss Universe 2013 * Mykola Tochytskyi (born 1967) diplomat, politician and deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs * Leonid Isaakovich Vail (1883–1945) a Russian Painter and art theorist. * Inna Abramovna Zhvanetskaia (born 1937) composer, piano teacher and lecturer

Sport

Serhiy Cherniavskiy Serhii Volodymyrovych Cherniavskyi, or Serhiy Volodymyrovych Chernyavsʼkyy ( uk, Сергій Володимирович Чернявський; born 2 April 1976) is a retired Ukrainian cyclist. He won a silver medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics ...

(born 1976) a cyclist; silver medallist at the

2000 Summer Olympics The 2000 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the XXVII Olympiad and also known as Sydney 2000 ( Dharug: ''Gadigal 2000''), the Millennium Olympic Games or the Games of the New Millennium, was an international multi-sport event held from ...

* Sergey Fedorchuk (born 1981) a Ukrainian Grandmaster chess player. *

Pavlo Khnykin Pavlo Khnykin (born April 5, 1969) is a retired freestyle swimmer from Vinnytsia, Ukraine. He was born in Sverdlovsk, Russian SFSR. He competed in four consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1992 for the Unified Team. He won the silver meda ...

(born 1969) freestyle swimmer, team silver medallist at the

1992 Summer Olympics The 1992 Summer Olympics ( es, Juegos Olímpicos de Verano de 1992, ca, Jocs Olímpics d'estiu de 1992), officially known as the Games of the XXV Olympiad ( es, Juegos de la XXV Olimpiada, ca, Jocs de la XXV Olimpíada) and commonly known as ...

* Sergei Polyakov (born 1968) a Russian sport shooter, silver medallist at the 2004 Summer Olympics

International relations

Twin towns – Sister cities

Vinnytsia is twinned with:

Gallery

File:Винница. Областная Рада..JPG, Vinnytsia regional council File:Україна Вінниця, Українська греко-католицька церква (4).jpg, Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church File:Vinnitsa Dominician costel 1758.jpg, The Transfiguration Cathedral in Vinnytsia (1758) File:Vinnytsia-baptist-church.jpg,

Baptist Baptists form a major branch of Protestantism distinguished by baptizing professing Christian believers only ( believer's baptism), and doing so by complete immersion. Baptist churches also generally subscribe to the doctrines of soul compe ...

church. File:Vinnytsia Glory Memorial and eternal fire in Kozitsky Park-LF.jpg, Glory Memorial and

Eternal flame An eternal flame is a flame, lamp or torch that burns for an indefinite time. Most eternal flames are ignited and tended intentionally, but some are natural phenomena caused by natural gas leaks, peat fires and coal seam fires, all of which can ...

File:Pushkin street Vinnytsya new.jpg, Art Nouveau building, built by architect V.P. Listovichiy File:Вінниця, Медуніверситет (Головний корпус), вул. Пирогова 56.jpg, Medical University in Vinnytsia File:Vinnickiy teatr.jpg, State academic theater File:Water tower (belfry).jpg,

Vinnytsia water tower The Vinnytsia water tower is a landmark of the city of Vinnytsia, Ukraine, constructed in 1912 and located on European Square. It has served as a museum since 1985 and was listed as a cultural monument of local importance on February 17, 1983. ...

File:Садиба Пирогова!.JPG, Mansion-museum of Nikolay Pirogov File:База вінницької Ниви.JPG, Home stadium of

PFC Nyva Vinnytsia FC Nyva Vinnytsia is a professional Ukrainian football club based in the city of Vinnytsia. The name "Nyva" translates to "grain field". The club was originally created in 1958 in the Soviet Union and folded in 2005 and 2012, but was reformed a ...

File:Vinnytsia-memorial.jpg, Monuments to the victims of the terror of 1937-1938 File:Вінниця, Миколаївська церква.jpg, Nicholas church, 1746

Notes

References

External links

* * * * {{Authority control Cities in Vinnytsia Oblast Oblast centers in Ukraine Populated places on the Southern Bug Cities of regional significance in Ukraine 14th-century establishments in Ukraine 1363 establishments in Europe Populated places established in the 1360s Bratslav Voivodeship Cossack Hetmanate Vinnitsky Uyezd Holocaust locations in Ukraine Articles containing video clips Ukrainian Air Force Jewish communities destroyed in the Holocaust