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Villa rustica () was the term used by the ancient Romans to denote a farmhouse or villa set in the countryside and with an agricultural section, which applies to the vast majority of Roman villas. In some cases they were at the centre of a large agricultural estate, sometimes called a '' latifundium''. The adjective ''rustica'' was used only to distinguish it from a much rarer sub-urban resort
* Villa Boscoreale
* Villa dei Volusii, Fiano Romano
Baden-Württemberg
* Villa Rustica, Baden-Baden-Haueneberstein, Roman settlement at Wohlfahrtsberg
* Villa Rustica at Bondorf, Böblingen
* , Konstanz
* , Lörrach
* Villa Rustica at Eigeltingen
* Villa Rustica at Gaggenau-Bad Rotenfels / Oberweier
* Villa urbana at Grenzach-Wyhlen ( Museum Römervilla)
* , Zollernalbkreis
* Villa urbana at 
* , Bad Dürkheim-Ungstein
* ,
Villa Rustica
- open-air museum at
Villa rustica () was the term used by the ancient Romans to denote a farmhouse or villa set in the countryside and with an agricultural section, which applies to the vast majority of Roman villas. In some cases they were at the centre of a large agricultural estate, sometimes called a '' latifundium''. The adjective ''rustica'' was used only to distinguish it from a much rarer sub-urban resort villa
A villa is a type of house that was originally an ancient Roman upper class country house. Since its origins in the Roman villa, the idea and function of a villa have evolved considerably. After the fall of the Roman Republic, villas became ...
, or '' otium villa'' built for purely leisure and luxury, and typically located in the Bay of Naples
A bay is a recessed, coastal body of water that directly connects to a larger main body of water, such as an ocean, a lake, or another bay. A large bay is usually called a gulf, sea, sound, or bight. A cove is a small, circular bay with a na ...
. The ''villa rustica'' would thus serve both as a residence of the landowner and his family (and servants) and also as a farm management centre. It would often comprise separate buildings to accommodate farm labourers and sheds and barns for animals and crops.
The villa rustica's design differed, but usually it consisted of two parts; the ''pars urbana'' (main house), and the ''pars rustica'' (farm area).
List of villae rusticae
Austria
* ,Altheim, Austria
Altheim is a town in western Austria. It is situated within the District of Braunau am Inn in the traditional region of Innviertel in the state of Upper Austria. It lies on the small river known as the Mühlheimer Ache, a tributary of the Rive ...
Bosnia-Herzegovina
* MogorjeloBulgaria
*Villa Armira
Villa Armira ( bg, Вила “Армира”) is a 1st-century suburban Roman villa in southeastern Bulgaria, located in the proximity of Ivaylovgrad, Haskovo Province. Discovered in 1964 during reservoir construction, it is a primary historica ...
, Ivaylovgrad
Italy
* Villa Boscoreale
* Villa dei Volusii, Fiano Romano
Portugal
* * Castelo da Lousa * * Roman Villa of Rabaçal *Roman ruins of Quinta da Abicada
Abicada (Villa Romana de Abicada or Estação romana da Quinta da Abicada) is the name of Roman ruins in Mexilhoeira Grande, to the north of the civil parish of Alvor, municipality of Portimão, in Algarve region, Portugal. In Roman times it ...
* Centum Cellas
* Villa of Torre de Palma
* Villa of Cerro da Vila
* Roman ruins of Pisões
* Roman ruins of São Cucufate
* Roman Ruins of Milreu (Estoi)
* Roman Villa of Sendim
Turkey
* Gökkale * Üçayaklı ruinsUnited Kingdom
*Bignor Roman Villa
Bignor Roman Villa is a large Roman courtyard villa which has been excavated and put on public display on the Bignor estate in the English county of West Sussex. It is well known for its high quality mosaic floors, which are some of the most ...
* Borough Hill Roman villa
* Brading Roman Villa
* Chedworth Roman Villa
* Crofton Roman Villa
Crofton Roman Villa in Crofton, Orpington, in the London Borough of Bromley, is a Roman villa which was inhabited between approximately 140 and 400 AD. It was the centre of a farming estate of about , with farm buildings nearby, surrounded by ...
* Fishbourne Roman Palace
* Gadebridge Park Roman Villa
Gadebridge Roman Villa, alternatively known as Gadebridge Park Roman Villa, is a ruined Roman villa in Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire, England.
Excavation
A chance discovery in 1962, it was excavated in 1963-68 under the direction of David S. N ...
* Littlecote Roman Villa
* Llantwit Major Roman Villa
* Low Ham Roman Villa
The Low Ham Roman Villa was a Roman courtyard villa located near Low Ham in the civil parish of High Ham in the English county of Somerset. It is best known for the extraordinary figured mosaic depicting the story of Aeneas and Dido.
The sit ...
* Lullingstone Roman Villa
* Newport Roman Villa
* North Leigh Roman Villa
North Leigh Roman Villa was a Roman courtyard villa in the Evenlode Valley about north of the hamlet of East End in North Leigh civil parish in Oxfordshire. It is a scheduled monument in the care of English Heritage and is open to the public. ...
* Piddington Roman Villa
Piddington Roman Villa is the remains of a large Roman villa at Piddington, Northamptonshire, about south-east of Northampton, a county in the East Midlands of England.
Location
The villa is on the site of an earlier late Iron Age settlemen ...
* Woodchester Roman Villa
France
* Villa Rustica, Coustaty * * * Montmaurin * *Germany
Baden-Württemberg
* Villa Rustica, Baden-Baden-Haueneberstein, Roman settlement at Wohlfahrtsberg
* Villa Rustica at Bondorf, Böblingen
* , Konstanz
* , Lörrach
* Villa Rustica at Eigeltingen
* Villa Rustica at Gaggenau-Bad Rotenfels / Oberweier
* Villa urbana at Grenzach-Wyhlen ( Museum Römervilla)
* , Zollernalbkreis
* Villa urbana at Heitersheim
Heitersheim is a town in the district Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald, Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The name of the school located in Heitersheim is Johanniterschule.
It was the seat of the Grand Prior of Germany of the Knights Hospitaller ...
* , Sigmaringen
* Villa Rustica at Hirschberg
* , Sigmaringen
* Villa Rustica at Karlsruhe-Durlach
* Villa Rustica at Langenau
* , Sigmaringen
* , Heilbronn
* Villa Rustica at Mühlacker
* Villa Rustica at Nagold
*
* Villa Rustica at Oberndorf-Bochingen
* , Rems-Murr-Kreis
* , Heilbronn
* , Rhein-Neckar-Kreis
* , Tuttlingen
* , Heilbronn
* Villa Rustica Bietigheim
Bietigheim is a village in the district of Rastatt in Baden-Württemberg in Southwestern Germany. It is located east of the Rhine river and thus the border to France, west of the Black Forest (more precisely the Northern Black Forest), south o ...
- Weilerlen at Bietigheim-Bissingen
Bietigheim-Bissingen (locally: ''Biedge-Bissenge'') is the second-largest town in the district of Ludwigsburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany with 42,515 inhabitants in 2007. It is situated on the river Enz and the river Metter, close to its confl ...
, Ludwigsburg
Bavaria
*
* , Stadt München
*
* Villa Rustica at Großberghofen, Dachau
* , Donau-Ries
* Villa Rustica at Hüssingen
* Villa Rustica Kohlhunden, Ostallgäu
* , Stadt Starnberg
* ( Naturpark Altmühltal)
* Villa Rustica (Nassenfels), Eichstätt
* , Freising
*
* , Ingolstadt
* Villa Rustica (Peiting), Weilheim-Schongau
*
* , Oberallgäu
Hesse
* Groß-Umstadt-Heubach,
* , Odenwald
* Rodau, Zwingenberg, "Kleine Weide"
Northrhine-Westphalia
*
* Villae Rusticae at Eschweiler, Aachen
* , Eschweiler, Aachen
* Villae Rusticae near Hambach surface mine, Düren
* at Sollig, Nettersheim-Roderath, Euskirchen
Rheinland-Palatine
* , Bad Dürkheim-Ungstein
* , Bad Kreuznach
Bad Kreuznach () is a town in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is a spa town, most well known for its medieval bridge dating from around 1300, the Alte Nahebrücke, which is one of the few remaining bridges in t ...
*
* , Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm
* , Fließem, Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm
* Villa Rustica at Sarresdorf (Gerolstein)
*, Mainz-Bingen
* Villa Rustica at Herschweiler-Pettersheim, Kusel
*
*
* (Mosel), Trier-Saarburg
*
* , Mainz-Bingen
* , Trier-Saarburg
Saarland
* Roman Villa Borg
The Roman Villa Borg is a reconstructed Roman '' villa rustica'' located near the villages of Borg and Oberleuken in the municipality of Perl in Saarland, Germany. Discovered at the end of the 19th century, the site was excavated in the late 198 ...
* Reinheim
Reinheim is a town in the Darmstadt-Dieburg district, in Hesse, Germany. It is situated southeast of Darmstadt.
International relations
Twin towns - Sister cities
Reinheim is twinned with:
* Licata, Italy (since 29.6.2001)
* Cestas, Fran ...
* Roman villa at Nennig
Serbia
* Village Gornja Bukovica.Valjevo, villa rustica IV century A.D.Switzerland
Aargau * * * * Basel-Landschaft * * Genf * Jura * Solothurn * * Waadt * Zürich * Irgenhausen Castrum (built on the remains of a former villa rustica) * Villa in Wetzikon - Kempten * * * *References
External links
Villa Rustica
- open-air museum at
Hechingen
Hechingen ( Swabian: ''Hächenga'') is a town in central Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated about south of the state capital of Stuttgart and north of Lake Constance and the Swiss border.
Geography
The town lies at the foot of t ...
(Germany)
{{Authority control
Architectural history