Villány (german: Wieland; hr, Viljan, or ; Živko Mandić: Hrvatska imena naseljenih mjesta u Madžarskoj, sr, Виљан, Viljan) is a town in

Baranya County Baranya ( hu, Baranya megye, ) is a county () in southern Hungary. It is part of the Southern Transdanubia statistical region and the historical Baranya region, which was a county (''comitatus'') in the Kingdom of Hungary dating back to the ...

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the ...

that is famous for its

wine Wine is an alcoholic drink typically made from fermented grapes. Yeast consumes the sugar in the grapes and converts it to ethanol and carbon dioxide, releasing heat in the process. Different varieties of grapes and strains of yeasts are m ...

. Residents are Hungarians, with minority of

Croats The Croats (; hr, Hrvati ) are a South Slavic ethnic group who share a common Croatian ancestry, culture, history and language. They are also a recognized minority in a number of neighboring countries, namely Austria, the Czech Republic, ...

Serbs The Serbs ( sr-Cyr, Срби, Srbi, ) are the most numerous South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans in Southeastern Europe, who share a common Serbian ancestry, culture, history and language. The majority of Serbs live in their na ...

and

Germans of Hungary German Hungarians (german: Ungarndeutsche, hu, magyarországi németek) are the German-speaking minority of Hungary, sometimes called Danube Swabians (German: ''Donauschwaben'', Hungarian: ''dunai svábok''), many of whom call themselves "Shwov ...

. Until the end of

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...

, the inhabitants were

Danube Swabians The Danube Swabians (german: Donauschwaben ) is a collective term for the ethnic German-speaking population who lived in various countries of central-eastern Europe, especially in the Danube River valley, first in the 12th century, and in grea ...

, also called locally as ''Stifolder'', because their ancestors once came around 1720 from

Fulda (district) The Fulda District (; ) is a ''Kreis'' (district) in the north-east of Hesse, Germany. Neighboring districts are Hersfeld-Rotenburg, Wartburgkreis, Schmalkalden-Meiningen, Rhön-Grabfeld, Bad Kissingen, Main-Kinzig, Vogelsbergkreis. History T ...

. Mostly of the former German Settlers was expelled to

Allied-occupied Germany Germany was already de facto occupied by the Allies from the real fall of Nazi Germany in World War II on 8 May 1945 to the establishment of the East Germany on 7 October 1949. The Allies (United States, United Kingdom, Soviet Union, and Franc ...

and Allied-occupied Austria in 1945–1948, about the Potsdam Agreement. Only a few

live there, the majority today are descendant of Hungarians from the

Czechoslovak–Hungarian population exchange The Czechoslovak–Hungarian population exchange was the exchange of inhabitants between Czechoslovakia and Hungary after World War II. Between 45,000 and 120,000 Hungarians were forcibly transferred from Czechoslovakia to Hungary, and their propert ...

. They received the houses of the former Danube Swabians inhabitants.

Etymology

The name derives from the Hungarian word for lightning, ''villám''. Formerly (centuries ago), the settlement was recorded under this form of name.

History

After the Ottoman occupation until 1918, ''VILLÁNY'' was part of the

Austrian monarchy The Habsburg monarchy (german: Habsburgermonarchie, ), also known as the Danubian monarchy (german: Donaumonarchie, ), or Habsburg Empire (german: Habsburgerreich, ), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities ...

, province of Hungary; in

Transleithania The Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen ( hu, a Szent Korona Országai), informally Transleithania (meaning the lands or region "beyond" the Leitha River) were the Hungarian territories of Austria-Hungary, throughout the latter's entire exis ...

after the

compromise of 1867 The Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 (german: Ausgleich, hu, Kiegyezés) established the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary. The Compromise only partially re-established the former pre-1848 sovereignty and status of the Kingdom of Hungary ...

in the

Kingdom of Hungary The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephen ...

. A post-office was opened end of 1867 (depending from Oedenburg Post Directorate).

Geography

The city is located in the encounter of three large geographical regions: the

Great Hungarian Plain The Great Hungarian Plain (also known as Alföld or Great Alföld, hu, Alföld or ) is a plain occupying the majority of the modern territory of Hungary. It is the largest part of the wider Pannonian Plain. (However, the Great Hungarian plain ...

from the south, Baranya Hills from the north, and finally Villány Mountains border it from the west. On the plain, agricultural activity is common. The mountains and the hills provide a suitable place for wine producing. A fossil site known as "Villány locality 6" or "Villány-Kalkberg Süd" has yielded many vertebrate fossils from

Lower Pleistocene The Early Pleistocene is an unofficial sub-epoch in the international geologic timescale in chronostratigraphy, being the earliest division of the Pleistocene Epoch within the ongoing Quaternary Period. It is currently estimated to span the time ...

Demographics

The settlement's population, divided to age groups:

Twin towns – sister cities

Villány is twinned with: *

Eislingen Eislingen () is a town in the district of Göppingen in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. History Southern Eislingen (Kleineislingen) became a possession Württemberg in 1492 while Northern Eislingen (Großeislingen) was annexed by the Prince-Bisho ...

, Germany *

Stainz Stainz is a municipality in the district of Deutschlandsberg in the Austrian state of Styria. A notable building there is Schloss Stainz, a former monastery A monastery is a building or complex of buildings comprising the domestic quarters an ...

, Austria * Vețca, Romania * Zamárdi, Hungary

Wine region

Villány is the most famous red wine region in Hungary. The southernmost wine region has the highest number of sunshine hours. Hungary's climate is continental. However, the Villány wine region is characterized by its sub-Mediterranean climate because of its location. Here's a great, full-bodied Bordeaux-style red wine cuvee. French varieties Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot have a great time here. There is also Portugieser, Kékfrankos but we can also meet Kadarka and Syrah grapes. Of course, white grapes are also cultivated by winemakers such as Italian Riesling, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc and Green Veltelini. Híres borászatok: * Gere Attila Pincészet
www.gere.hu
* Bock Pinc
www.bock.hu
* Tiffán Pinc
www.tiffans.hu
* Polgár Pincésze
www.polgarpince.hu
* Sauska Pincésze
www.sauska.hu
* Gere Tamás és Zsolt Pincészet
www.geretamas.hu
* Malatinszky Kúri
www.malatinszky.hu
* Günczer Tamás Pincésze
www.borbinceszet.hu
* Maul Borásza
www.maul.hu
* Szende Pinc
www.szendepince.hu
* Cult of Wine Villány, a Művészpinc
www.cultofwine.hu
* Vitényi Pinc
www.vitenyi-pince.hu
* Blum Pinc
www.blumpince.hu
* Gal Pinc
www.galpince.hu
* Agancsos Pincésze
www.agancsos.hu
* Kecskés Pincészet * Dolium Pince

References

External links

* in Hungarian {{DEFAULTSORT:Villany Populated places in Baranya County Wine regions of Hungary Baranya (region) History of Baranya (region) Hungarian German communities Serb communities in Hungary