Vampire films have been a staple in world cinema since the era of

silent film A silent film is a film with no synchronized recorded sound (or more generally, no audible dialogue). Though silent films convey narrative and emotion visually, various plot elements (such as a setting or era) or key lines of dialogue may, w ...

s, so much so that the depiction of

vampire A vampire is a mythical creature that subsists by feeding on the Vitalism, vital essence (generally in the form of blood) of the living. In European folklore, vampires are undead, undead creatures that often visited loved ones and caused mi ...

s in popular culture is strongly based upon their depiction in films throughout the years. The most popular cinematic adaptation of vampire fiction has been from Bram Stoker's 1897 novel '' Dracula'', with over 170 versions to date. Running a distant second are adaptations of the 1872 novel '' Carmilla'' by Sheridan Le Fanu. By 2005, the Dracula character had been the subject of more films than any other fictional character except

Sherlock Holmes Sherlock Holmes () is a fictional detective created by British author Arthur Conan Doyle. Referring to himself as a " consulting detective" in the stories, Holmes is known for his proficiency with observation, deduction, forensic science and ...

. As folklore, vampires are defined by their need to feed on

blood Blood is a body fluid in the circulatory system of humans and other vertebrates that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells, and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells. Blood in the cir ...

and on their manipulative nature; this theme has been held in common throughout the many adaptations. Although vampires are usually associated with the horror (and sometimes the zombie genre), vampire films may also fall into the

drama Drama is the specific mode of fiction represented in performance: a play, opera, mime, ballet, etc., performed in a theatre, or on radio or television.Elam (1980, 98). Considered as a genre of poetry in general, the dramatic mode has b ...

, action,

science fiction Science fiction (sometimes shortened to Sci-Fi or SF) is a genre of speculative fiction which typically deals with imaginative and futuristic concepts such as advanced science and technology, space exploration, time travel, parallel uni ...

, romance,

comedy Comedy is a genre of fiction that consists of discourses or works intended to be humorous or amusing by inducing laughter, especially in theatre, film, stand-up comedy, television, radio, books, or any other entertainment medium. The term o ...

, or

fantasy Fantasy is a genre of speculative fiction involving magical elements, typically set in a fictional universe and sometimes inspired by mythology and folklore. Its roots are in oral traditions, which then became fantasy literature and d ...

genres, amongst others.

History

Early cinematic vampires in other such films as '' The Vampire'' (1913), directed by

Robert G. Vignola Robert G. Vignola (born Rocco Giuseppe Vignola, August 7, 1882 – October 25, 1953) was an Italian- American actor, screenwriter, and film director. A former stage actor, he appeared in many motion pictures produced by Kalem Company and later mo ...

, were not

undead The undead are beings in mythology, legend, or fiction that are deceased but behave as if alive. Most commonly the term refers to corporeal forms of formerly-alive humans, such as mummies, vampires, and zombies, who have been reanimated b ...

bloodsucking fiends, but ' vamps'. Such femmes fatales were inspired by a poem by

Rudyard Kipling Joseph Rudyard Kipling ( ; 30 December 1865 – 18 January 1936)'' The Times'', (London) 18 January 1936, p. 12. was an English novelist, short-story writer, poet, and journalist. He was born in British India, which inspired much of his work. ...

called "The Vampire", composed in 1897. This poem was written as kind of commentary on a painting of a female vampire by Philip Burne-Jones exhibited in the same year. Lyrics from Kipling's poem: ''A fool there was ... '', describing a seduced man, were used as the title of the film '' A Fool There Was'' (1915) starring Theda Bara as the 'vamp' in question and the poem was used in the publicity for the film. An early adaptation of the immortal aristocrat may have been the Hungarian feature film '' Drakula halála'' (Károly Lajthay, 1921), which is now thought to be a

lost film A lost film is a feature or short film that no longer exists in any studio archive, private collection, public archive or the U.S. Library of Congress. Conditions During most of the 20th century, U.S. copyright law required at least one copy ...

. An authentic supernatural vampire features in the landmark ''

Nosferatu ''Nosferatu: A Symphony of Horror'' (German: ''Nosferatu – Eine Symphonie des Grauens'') is a 1922 silent German Expressionist horror film directed by F. W. Murnau and starring Max Schreck as Count Orlok, a vampire who preys on the wife ...

'' (1922 Germany, directed by

F. W. Murnau Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau (born Friedrich Wilhelm Plumpe; December 28, 1888March 11, 1931) was a German film director, producer and screenwriter. He was greatly influenced by Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Shakespeare and Ibsen plays he had seen at th ...

) starring Max Schreck as the hideous

Count Orlok Count Orlok (german: Graf Orlok), commonly but erroneously known as Nosferatu, is the main antagonist and title character portrayed by German actor Max Schreck (1879–1936) in the silent film '' Nosferatu, eine Symphonie des Grauens'' (1922). H ...

. This was an unlicensed version of Bram Stoker's '' Dracula'', based so closely on the novel that the estate sued and won, with all copies ordered to be destroyed. It would be painstakingly restored in 1994 by a team of European scholars from the five surviving prints that had escaped destruction. The destruction of the vampire, in the closing sequence of the film, by sunlight rather than the traditional stake through the heart proved very influential on later films and became an accepted part of vampire lore. The next classic treatment of the vampire legend was an adaptation of the stage play based on Bram Stoker's novel '' Dracula'',

Universal Universal is the adjective for universe. Universal may also refer to: Companies * NBCUniversal, a media and entertainment company ** Universal Animation Studios, an American Animation studio, and a subsidiary of NBCUniversal ** Universal TV, a t ...

's '' Dracula'' (1931) starring Bela Lugosi as Count Dracula. Lugosi's performance was so popular that his Hungarian accent and sweeping gestures became characteristics now commonly associated with Dracula. Five years after the release of the film,

released '' Dracula's Daughter'' (1936), a direct sequel that starts immediately after the end of the first film. A second sequel, '' Son of Dracula'' starring Lon Chaney Jr., followed in 1943. Despite his apparent death in the 1931 film, the Count returned to life in three more Universal films of the mid-1940s: '' House of Frankenstein'' (1944) and '' House of Dracula'' (1945)—both starring John Carradine—and '' Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein'' (1948). While Lugosi had played a vampire in two other films during the 1930s and 1940s, it was only in this final film that he played Count Dracula on-screen for the second (and last) time. Dracula was reincarnated for a new generation in the Hammer Films series starring

Christopher Lee Sir Christopher Frank Carandini Lee (27 May 1922 – 7 June 2015) was an English actor and singer. In a long career spanning more than 60 years, Lee often portrayed villains, and appeared as Count Dracula in seven Hammer Horror films, ultim ...

as the Count. In the first of these films '' Dracula'' (1958) the spectacular death of the title character through being exposed to the sun reinforced this part of vampire lore, first established in ''Nosferatu'', and made it virtually axiomatic in succeeding films. Lee returned as Dracula in all but two of the seven sequels. A more faithful adaptation of Stoker's novel appeared as '' Bram Stoker's Dracula'' (1992), directed by

Francis Ford Coppola Francis Ford Coppola (; ; born April 7, 1939) is an American film director, producer, and screenwriter. He is considered one of the major figures of the New Hollywood filmmaking movement of the 1960s and 1970s. Coppola is the recipient of five ...

, though also identifying Count Dracula with the notorious

medieval In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...

Balkan ruler Vlad III the Impaler. A distinct subgenre of vampire films, ultimately inspired by Le Fanu's "Carmilla", explored the topic of the lesbian vampire. Although implied in ''Dracula's Daughter'', the first openly

lesbian A lesbian is a Homosexuality, homosexual woman.Zimmerman, p. 453. The word is also used for women in relation to their sexual identity or sexual behavior, regardless of sexual orientation, or as an adjective to characterize or associate n ...

vampire was in '' Blood and Roses'' (1960) by

Roger Vadim Roger Vadim Plemiannikov (; 26 January 1928 – 11 February 2000) was a French screenwriter, film director and producer, as well as an author, artist and occasional actor. His best-known works are visually lavish films with erotic qualities, suc ...

. More explicit lesbian content was provided in Hammer's Karnstein Trilogy. The first of these, ''

The Vampire Lovers ''The Vampire Lovers'' is a 1970 British Gothic horror film directed by Roy Ward Baker and starring Ingrid Pitt, Peter Cushing, George Cole, Kate O'Mara, Madeline Smith, Dawn Addams and Jon Finch. It was produced by Hammer Film Productions. I ...

'' (1970), starring Ingrid Pitt and Madeline Smith, was a relatively straightforward re-telling of LeFanu's novella, but with more overt violence and sexuality. Later films in this subgenre such as ''

Vampyres A vampire is a mythical creature that subsists by feeding on the vital essence (generally in the form of blood) of the living. In European folklore, vampires are undead creatures that often visited loved ones and caused mischief or dea ...

'' (1974) became even more explicit in their depiction of sex, nudity and violence. Beginning with '' Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein'' (1948) the vampire has often been the subject of comedy. ''

The Fearless Vampire Killers ''The Fearless Vampire Killers, or Pardon Me, But Your Teeth Are in My Neck'' (shortened to ''The Fearless Vampire Killers''; originally released in the United Kingdom as ''Dance of the Vampires'') is a 1967 British comedy horror film directed b ...

'' (1967) by

Roman Polanski Raymond Roman Thierry Polański , group=lower-alpha, name=note_a ( né Liebling; 18 August 1933) is a French-Polish film director, producer, screenwriter, and actor. He is the recipient of numerous accolades, including an Academy Award, tw ...

was a notable parody of the genre. Other comedic treatments, of variable quality, include '' Vampira'' (1974) featuring David Niven as a lovelorn Dracula, '' Love at First Bite'' (1979) featuring George Hamilton, '' My Best Friend Is a Vampire'' (1988), '' Innocent Blood'' (1992), '' Buffy the Vampire Slayer'' (1992), '' Dracula: Dead and Loving It'' (1995), directed by

Mel Brooks Mel Brooks (born Melvin James Kaminsky; June 28, 1926) is an American actor, comedian and filmmaker. With a career spanning over seven decades, he is known as a writer and director of a variety of successful broad farces and parodies. He began ...

with Leslie Nielsen, and, more recently,

Taika Waititi Taika David Cohen (born 16 August 1975), known professionally as Taika Waititi ( ), is a New Zealand filmmaker, actor, and comedian. He is a recipient of an Academy Award, a BAFTA Award, and a Grammy Award, and has received two nominations at ...

and Jemaine Clement's mockumentary take on the subject, '' What We Do in the Shadows'' (2014). Another development in some vampire films has been a change from supernatural horror to science fictional explanations of vampirism. '' The Last Man on Earth'' (1964, directed by Sidney Salkow), ''

The Omega Man ''The Omega Man'' (stylized as ''The Ωmega Man'') is a 1971 American post-apocalyptic action film directed by Boris Sagal and starring Charlton Heston as a survivor of a pandemic. It was written by John William Corrington and Joyce Corrington, ba ...

'' (1971 US, directed by

Boris Sagal Boris Sagal (October 18, 1923 – May 22, 1981) was an American television and film director. Early life and career Born in Yekaterinoslav, Ukrainian SSR (now known as Dnipro, Ukraine) to a Ukrainian-Jewish family, Sagal immigrated to the Unite ...

) and two other films were all based on Richard Matheson's novel '' I Am Legend''. They explain the condition as having a natural cause. Vampirism is explained as a kind of virus in David Cronenberg's ''

Rabid Rabies is a viral disease that causes encephalitis in humans and other mammals. Early symptoms can include fever and tingling at the site of exposure. These symptoms are followed by one or more of the following symptoms: nausea, vomiting, ...

'' (1976), '' The Hunger with an international cast directed by

Tony Scott Anthony David Leighton Scott (21 June 1944 – 19 August 2012) was an English film director and producer. He was known for directing highly successful action and thriller films such as '' Top Gun'' (1986), '' Beverly Hills Cop II'' (1987), ''D ...

and ''Red-Blooded American Girl'' (1990) directed by David Blyth, as well as in the ''Blade'' trilogy to a limited extent. Race has been another theme, as exemplified by the blaxploitation picture '' Blacula'' (1972) and its sequel '' Scream Blacula Scream''. Though always a representation of passion and desire, since the time of Béla Lugosi's ''Dracula'' (1931) the vampire, male or female, has usually been portrayed as an alluring sex symbol.

Delphine Seyrig Delphine Claire Beltiane Seyrig (; 10 April 1932 – 15 October 1990) was a Lebanese-born French actress and film director. She came to prominence in Alain Resnais's 1961 film ''Last Year at Marienbad'', and later acted in films by Francois ...

Frank Langella Frank A. Langella Jr. (; born January 1, 1938) is an American stage and film actor. He has won four Tony Awards: two for Best Leading Actor in a Play for his performance as Richard Nixon in Peter Morgan's '' Frost/Nixon'' and as André in Flor ...

, Lauren Hutton, Catherine Deneuve and

Aaliyah Aaliyah Dana Haughton (; January 16, 1979 – August 25, 2001) was an American singer and actress. She has been credited for helping to redefine contemporary R&B, pop and hip hop, earning her the nicknames the "Princess of R&B" and " ...

are just a few examples of actors who brought great sex appeal into their portrayal of the vampire. Latterly, the implicit sexual themes of vampire film have become much more overt, culminating in such films as ''Gayracula'' (1983) and ''The Vampire of Budapest'' (1995), two pornographic all-male vampire films, and ''Lust for Dracula'' (2005), a softcore pornography all-lesbian adaptation of Bram Stoker's novel. There is, however, a very small subgenre, pioneered in Murnau's seminal ''Nosferatu'' (1922) in which the portrayal of the vampire is similar to the hideous creature of European folklore. Max Schreck's portrayal of this role in Murnau's film was copied by Klaus Kinski in Werner Herzog's remake '' Nosferatu the Vampyre'' (1979). In '' Shadow of the Vampire'' (2000) (directed by

E. Elias Merhige Edmund Elias Merhige, known as E. Elias Merhige (, pronounced like ''marriage''; born June 14, 1964), is an American film director born in Brooklyn, New York City. Work Merhige is known to mainstream audiences for his work on the 2000 film ''Shad ...

) Willem Dafoe plays Max Schreck, himself, though portrayed here as an actual vampire.

Stephen King Stephen Edwin King (born September 21, 1947) is an American author of horror, supernatural fiction, suspense, crime, science-fiction, and fantasy novels. Described as the "King of Horror", a play on his surname and a reference to his high s ...

's ''

Salem's Lot ''Salem's Lot'' is a 1975 horror novel by American author Stephen King. It was his second published novel. The story involves a writer named Ben Mears who returns to the town of Jerusalem's Lot (or 'Salem's Lot for short) in Maine, where he l ...

'' (1979) notably depicts vampires as terrifying, simple-minded creatures, without eroticism, and with the only desire to feed on the blood of others. The main vampire in the ''

Subspecies In biological classification, subspecies is a rank below species, used for populations that live in different areas and vary in size, shape, or other physical characteristics ( morphology), but that can successfully interbreed. Not all specie ...

'' films, Radu, also exhibits similar aesthetic influences, such as long fingers and nails and generally grotesque facial features. This type of vampire is also featured in the film ''

30 Days of Night ''30 Days of Night'' is a three-issue horror comic book miniseries written by Steve Niles, illustrated by Ben Templesmith, and published by American company IDW Publishing in 2002. All three parties co-own the property. The series takes place i ...

''. The 2011 remake of ''

Fright Night ''Fright Night'' is a 1985 American supernatural horror film written and directed by Tom Holland (in his directorial debut) and produced by Herb Jaffe. It stars Chris Sarandon, William Ragsdale, Roddy McDowall, Amanda Bearse, Jonathan Stark, D ...

'' is notable for such a hideous depiction of the vampire when manifesting. A major character in most vampire films is the vampire hunter, of which Stoker's

Abraham Van Helsing Professor Abraham Van Helsing, a fictional character from the 1897 gothic horror novel '' Dracula'', is an aged Dutch polymath doctor with a wide range of interests and accomplishments, partly attested by the string of letters that follows h ...

is a prototype. Peter Vincent ( Roddy McDowell) in ''

'' (1985) and the Frog brothers in '' The Lost Boys'' (1987) were all vampire hunters. However, killing vampires has changed. Where Van Helsing relied on a stake through the heart, in '' Vampires'' (1998), directed by John Carpenter, Jack Crow ( James Woods) has a heavily armed squad of vampire hunters and in '' Buffy the Vampire Slayer'' (1992, directed by

Fran Rubel Kuzui Fran Rubel Kuzui is an American film director and producer. She received her master's degree from New York University and was a script supervisor for a decade, prior to her first film, 1988's '' Tokyo Pop'', which she co-wrote and directed. Th ...

), writer

Joss Whedon Joseph Hill Whedon (; born June 23, 1964) is an American filmmaker, composer, and comic book writer. He is the founder of Mutant Enemy Productions, co-founder of Bellwether Pictures, and is best known as the creator of several television serie ...

(who created TV's '' Buffy the Vampire Slayer'' and

spin-off Spin-off may refer to: *Spin-off (media), a media work derived from an existing work *Corporate spin-off, a type of corporate action that forms a new company or entity * Government spin-off, civilian goods which are the result of military or gov ...

Angel In various theistic religious traditions an angel is a supernatural spiritual being who serves God. Abrahamic religions often depict angels as benevolent celestial intermediaries between God (or Heaven) and humanity. Other roles ...

'') attached the Slayer, Buffy Summers ( Kristy Swanson in the film, Sarah Michelle Gellar in the TV series), to a network of Watchers and mystically endowed her with superhuman powers.

Dracula in films and his legacy

By far, the most well-known and popular vampire in the films is Count Dracula. A large number of films have been filmed over the years depicting the evil Count, some of which are ranked among the greatest depictions of vampires on film. Dracula has over 170 film representations to date, making him the most frequently portrayed character in horror films; also he has the highest number of film appearances overall, surpassed only by

. In his documentary "Vampire Princess" (2007) the investigative Austrian author and director Klaus T. Steindl discovered in 2007 the historical inspiration for Bram Stoker's legendary Dracula character (see also Literature - Bram Stoker: Dracula's GuestMarigny, pp. 82–85.): "''Many experts believe, the deleted opening was actually based on a woman. Archaeologists, historians, and forensic scientists revisit the days of vampire hysteria in the eighteenth-century Czech Republic and re-open the unholy grave of dark princess

Eleonore von Schwarzenberg Eleonore von Schwarzenberg (''Eleonore Elisabeth Amalia Magdalena''; 20 June 1682 in Mělník – 5 May 1741 in Palais Schwarzenberg, Vienna) was a member of the Princely House of Lobkowicz by birth, and a Princess of Schwarzenberg by marr ...

. They uncover her story, once buried and long forgotten, now raised from the dead.''" Dracula 1958 c

Vampire television series

Live action

One of the first television series with a vampire as a main character was the 1964 comedy series '' The Munsters''. Lily Munster and Grandpa (also known as Vladimir Dracula, Count of Transylvania) are vampires. ''The Munsters'' was followed in 1966 by the Gothic soap opera ''

Dark Shadows ''Dark Shadows'' is an American gothic soap opera that aired weekdays on the ABC television network, from June 27, 1966, to April 2, 1971. The show depicted the lives, loves, trials, and tribulations of the wealthy Collins family of Collinspo ...

'', in which the reluctant vampire

Barnabas Collins Barnabas Collins is a fictional character, a featured role in the ABC daytime serial ''Dark Shadows'', which aired from 1966 to 1971. Barnabas is a 175-year-old vampire in search of fresh blood and his lost love, Josette. The character, origin ...

became a main character. In 1985, '' The Little Vampire'' was a television series made for children. It tells the adventures of the vampire child Rüdiger and his human friend Anton. '' Forever Knight'' (1992–1996) was the first vampire detective story, later followed by many similar series like ''

'', ''

Moonlight Moonlight consists of mostly sunlight (with little earthlight) reflected from the parts of the Moon's surface where the Sun's light strikes. Illumination The intensity of moonlight varies greatly depending on the lunar phase, but even the ful ...

'', '' Blood Ties'' and ''

Vampire Prosecutor ''Vampire Prosecutor'' () is a South Korean television series, starring Yeon Jung-hoon, Lee Won-jong, Lee Young-ah and Kim Joo-young. The crime procedural drama tells the story of a prosecutor who hides his identity of being a vampire and solv ...

''. In 1997 the teenage vampire series '' Buffy the Vampire Slayer'' became popular around the world. Buffy is a teenage girl who finds out that she is a vampire slayer. She also finds herself drawn to a vampire. '' True Blood'' (2008) centers on the adventures of the telepathic waitress Sookie Stackhouse, who falls in love with a vampire. In the same year BBC Three series '' Being Human'' became popular in Britain. It features an unconventional trio of a vampire, a werewolf and a ghost who are sharing a flat in

Bristol Bristol () is a City status in the United Kingdom, city, Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county and unitary authority in England. Situated on the River Avon, Bristol, River Avon, it is bordered by the ceremonial counties of Glouces ...

. In 2009 ''

The Vampire Diaries ''The Vampire Diaries'' is an American supernatural teen drama television series developed by Kevin Williamson and Julie Plec, based on the book series of the same name written by L. J. Smith. The series premiered on The CW on September 10, ...

'' told the story of the school girl Elena Gilbert, who falls in love with vampire Stefan Salvatore, but finds herself also drawn to Stefan's brother

Damon Salvatore Damon Salvatore is a fictional character In L. J. Smith's novel series ''The Vampire Diaries''. He is portrayed by Ian Somerhalder in the television series. Damon is the one of the two main protagonists along with Stefan Salvatore, especially i ...

. ''

The Strain ''The Strain'' is a 2009 vampire horror novel by Guillermo del Toro and Chuck Hogan. It is the first installment in ''The Strain Trilogy'', and was followed by '' The Fall'' (2010) and ''The Night Eternal'' (2011). Plot synopsis A Boeing 777 ...

'' (2014) is based on the novel of the same name by Guillermo del Toro. What We Do In the Shadows is a continuation of the 2014 movie. Set in the same universe with the same mocumentary style, but following a different group of vampires.

Animation

One of the first animated vampire series was the 1988 series '' Count Duckula'', a parody of Dracula. In 1985, the anime film adaptation of the inaugural '' Vampire Hunter D'' novel was released direct-to-video and became popular in both Japan and the United States, prompting an adaptation of the third novel into the also direct to video film '' Vampire Hunter D: Bloodlust'' in 2000. The two films and the novels they are based on revolve around the eponymous D, a vampire hunter who is the apparent half-vampire/half-human son of Dracula who battles vampires in the year AD 12,090. In 1997 the

anime is Traditional animation, hand-drawn and computer animation, computer-generated animation originating from Japan. Outside of Japan and in English, ''anime'' refers specifically to animation produced in Japan. However, in Japan and in Japane ...

series '' Vampire Princess Miyu'' became popular in Japan, many other anime followed. JoJo's Bizarre Adventure was released in 2012, featuring several vampiric villains. Also in 2012, '' Hotel Transylvania'' was released, followed by a sequel in 2015, '' Hotel Transylvania 2'' and in 2018 by '' Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation''. Another Japanese anime series, '' Rosario + Vampire'', portrays one of the leading female characters,

Moka Akashiya is a fictional title character from the Japanese manga and anime series ''Rosario + Vampire''. She serves as one of the love interests to Tsukune Aono, who is the only human enrolled in a school of monsters. She has a rosary that gives her a spl ...

, as a vampire, whose demonic powers are sealed inside her with a rosary seal around her neck. The series portrays other kinds of fictional monsters as well, including a witch and a snowwoman.

Vampire web series

From 2001 onward vampire web series became popular around the world. One of the first web series was the 2001 series '' The Hunted''. It is about a group of vampire slayers who have been bitten by vampires (but not yet turned into vampires) and try to fight the bloodsucking vampires. ''The Hunted'' was followed by '' 30 Days of Night: Blood Trails'' (2007) and '' 30 Days of Night: Dust to Dust'' (2008) who were based on the films ''

'' and '' 30 Days of Night: Dark Days''. In 2009 the MTV online series '' Valemont'' follows Maggie Gracen, who decides to infiltrate Valemont University, because her brother Eric has vanished. She soon finds out that the University is full of vampires. The 2009 web series '' I Heart Vampires'' focuses on two teenage vampire fans, who find out that vampires are more than real. In 2011 the ''Being Human'' spin-off ''

Becoming Human ''Becoming Human'' is a British supernatural comedy-drama webisode series and a spin-off from the TV series '' Being Human''. Created by Toby Whithouse, it was directed by Alex Kalymnios, written by Brian Dooley, Jamie Mathieson and John Jackson ...

'' was released online. It is about a vampire, a werewolf and a ghost who go to a school together and try to solve a murder. The 2014 vampire series '' Carmilla'' features a retelling of the story of the vampire Carmilla Karnstein, who attends a university in the modern day and falls in love with a human girl.

References

Notes Further reading * Auerbach, Nina. (1995) ''Our Vampires, Ourselves''. University of Chicago Press. * Abbott, Stacey. (2007) ''Celluloid Vampires: Life after Death in the Modern World''. University of Texas Press. * Frayling, Christopher (1992) ''Vampyres: Lord Byron to Count Dracula'' (1992) * Freeland, Cynthia A. (2000) ''The Naked and the Undead: Evil and the Appeal of Horror''. Westview Press. * Gelder, Ken. (1994) ''Reading the Vampire''. Routledge. * Gelder, Ken. (2012) ''New Vampire Cinema''. British Film Institute. * Holte, James Craig. (1997) ''Dracula in the Dark: The Dracula Film Adaptations''. Greenwood Press. * Hudson, Dale. (2017)'' Vampires, Race, and Transnational Hollywoods''. Edinburgh University Press.
Website with info and clips
* Leatherdale, C. (1993) ''Dracula: The Novel and the Legend''. Desert Island Books. * Melton, J. Gordon. (1997) ''Videohound’s Vampire on Video''. Visible Ink Press. * Picart, Caroline Joan and Browning, John Edgar eds. (2009) ''Draculas, Vampires, and Other Undead Forms: Essays on Gender, Race, and Culture''. Scarecrow Press. * Silver, Alan and Ursini, James (2010) ''The Vampire Film'' (4th edition) * Weinstock, Jeffrey. (2012) ''The Vampire Film.'' Wallflower Press.

External links

Vampire Film Festival – New Orleans

Reviews of vampire films
a
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at Eclipse.net {{DEFAULTSORT:Vampire Films Film genres

Film A film also called a movie, motion picture, moving picture, picture, photoplay or (slang) flick is a work of visual art that simulates experiences and otherwise communicates ideas, stories, perceptions, feelings, beauty, or atmospher ...

History of fiction Horror films by genre