The Uru–Chipaya family is an indigenous
language family of
Bolivia
, image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg
, flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center
, flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...
.
The speakers were originally fishermen on the shores of
Lake Titicaca,
Lake Poopó
__NOTOC__
Lake Poopó ( es, Lago Poopó ) was a large saline lake in a shallow depression in the Altiplano Mountains in Oruro Department, Bolivia, at an altitude of approximately . Because the lake was long and wide (), it made up the eastern ...
, and the
Desaguadero River.
Chipaya has over a thousand speakers and sees vigorous use in the native community, but all other
Uru
Uru or URU may refer to:
Language
* Uru dialect of Central Kilimanjaro, a Bantu language of Tanzania
* Uru language, the extinct language of the Uros, an Amerindian people
* Uru of Ch'imu, an extinct language of the Uros, an Amerindian people
...
languages or dialects are extinct.
Loukotka (1968) also lists the
Chango language, once spoken on the coast of Chile from
Huasco
Huasco () is a Chilean city and commune, in the Huasco Province, Atacama Region.
The port city of Huasco is located 50 km west of Vallenar and close to the town of ''Huasco Bajo'', which lies on the southern bank of the Huasco River and onl ...
to
Cobija
Cobija is a city in Bolivia, capital of the department of Pando, is located about 600 km (373 mi.) north of La Paz in the Amazon Basin on the border with Brazil. Cobija lies on the banks of the Rio Acre across from the Brazilian ci ...
in
Antofagasta Province
Antofagasta Province ( es, Provincia de Antofagasta) is one of three provinces in the northern Chilean region of Antofagasta (II). The capital is the port city of Antofagasta. Located within the Atacama Desert, it borders the El Loa and Tocopil ...
. The population has since been Araucanized.
Proposed external relationships
Stark (1972) proposed a
Maya–Yunga–Chipayan macrofamily linking
Mayan with Uru–Chipaya and
Yunga (Mochica).
Language contact
Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with the
Kunza
Kunza is an extinct language isolate once spoken in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile and southern Peru by the Atacama people, Atacama people, who have since shifted to Spanish people, Spanish. The last speaker was documented in 1949.
Other n ...
,
Pukina,
Pano
Pano may refer to:
Pano ancient empory somaly
Culture and language
* Páno, one of the family of Panoan languages, within the wider group of Pano-Tacanan languages spoken in South America
* Pano people or Tsimané people, Bolivia
* Paño, a fo ...
,
Jaqi
Aymaran (also Jaqi or Aru) is one of the two dominant language families in the central Andes alongside Quechuan. The family consists of Aymara, widely spoken in Bolivia, and the endangered Jaqaru and Kawki languages of Peru.
Hardman (1978) propo ...
,
Kechua,
Mapudungun
Mapuche (, Mapuche & Spanish: , or Mapudungun; from ' 'land' and ' 'speak, speech') is an Araucanian language related to Huilliche spoken in south-central Chile and west-central Argentina by the Mapuche people (from ''mapu'' 'land' and ''che ...
, and
Moseten-Tsimane language families due to contact.
Vocabulary
Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items for Uro (Uru) and Chipaya.
:
Bibliography
*Aguiló, F. (1986). El idioma de los Urus. Editora Centro Portales.
*Cerrón-Palomino, R. (2011). Chipaya. Léxico y etnotaxonomÃa. Lima: PUCP.
*Espinoza Soriano (1991). Proto-Takanan and Uru-Chipaya: genetic relationship or ancient loans? Comunicação apresentada em: Conferencia Internacional sobre Lenguaje, PolÃtica Oficial sobre el Lenguaje y PolÃtica Educativa en los Andes, 28–30 October 1991. Newark: University of Delaware.
*Hannẞ, K. (2008). Uchumataqu: The lost language of the Urus of Bolivia. A grammatical description of the language as documented between 1894 and 1952 (ILLA, 7). Leiden: CNWS Publications.
*Nimuendajú, K. (1928-1929). Wortliste der Šipáya-Indianer. Anthropos, 23:821-850, 24:863-896.
*Snethlage, E. (1932). Chipaya- und Curuaya-Wörter. Anthropos, 27:65-93.
*Vellard, J. A. (1949-1951). Contribution à l'étude des Indiens Uru ou Kot'suñs. Travaux de l'Institut Français d'études Andines, 1:145-209, 2:51-89, 3:3-39.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Uru-Chipaya languages
Language families
Uru
Indigenous languages of the Andes
Languages of Bolivia