Formation
The Uralian orogen (''sensu stricto'') occurred between three Palaeozoic continents, Baltica, Kazakhstania, and Siberia (continent), Siberia. In the late Precambrian, the northeast margin of Baltica was deformed in the Timanide and Cadomian Orogeny, Cadomide orogenies or the assembly of the Pannotia supercontinent. The break-up of this supercontinent opened the Palaeo-Uralian Ocean, in which a number of unidentified continental fragments Divergent boundary, rifted from Baltica. As Baltica collided with Laurentia to form Laurussia, island arcs and other microcontinents were Accretion (geology), accreted to Baltica in the Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous. In the Ordovician-Silurian, Kazakhstania formed separately when subduction-driven growth accreted crust to a series of small, late Precambrian microcontinents. In the early Late Carboniferous, Kazakhstania began to collide with Laurussia as the Palaeo-Uralian ocean subducted beneath the margins of the latter. The northern continuation of the Ural mountains, the Pay-Khoy-Novaya Zemlya foldbelt, is the result of the collision between Laurussia and Siberia in the Early Jurassic. The southern continuation of the Ural mountains, the southern Tian-Shan mountains, formed in the late Palaeozoic with the closure of the Turkestanian Ocean, an Ordovician-Carboniferous southern branch of the Palaeo-Uralian Ocean. Tian-Shan remained a stable Platform (geology), platform until the Alpine-Himalayan orogeny in the Pliocene-Quaternary.See also
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