The ''Udaloy'' class, Soviet designation Project 1155 ''Fregat'' and Russian designation Project 11551 ''Fregat-M'' (russian: Фрегат, 'Fregat' meaning

Frigate A frigate () is a type of warship. In different eras, the roles and capabilities of ships classified as frigates have varied somewhat. The name frigate in the 17th to early 18th centuries was given to any full-rigged ship built for speed an ...

), are series of

anti-submarine An anti-submarine weapon (ASW) is any one of a number of devices that are intended to act against a submarine and its crew, to destroy (sink) the vessel or reduce its capability as a weapon of war. In its simplest sense, an anti-submarine weapo ...

guided-missile destroyer A guided-missile destroyer (DDG) is a destroyer whose primary armament is guided missiles so they can provide anti-aircraft warfare screening for the fleet. The NATO standard designation for these vessels is DDG, while destroyers who have a prim ...

s built for the Soviet Navy, seven of which are currently in service with the Russian Navy. Twelve ships were built between 1980 and 1991, while the thirteenth ship built to a modified design, known as ''Udaloy II'' class, followed in 1999. They complement the

Sovremenny-class destroyer The ''Sovremenny'' class, Soviet designation Project 956 ''Sarych'' (buzzard), is a class of anti-ship and anti-aircraft guided-missile destroyers of the Soviet and later Russian Navy. The ships are named after qualities, with "Sovremenny" tra ...

s in

anti-aircraft Anti-aircraft warfare, counter-air or air defence forces is the battlespace response to aerial warfare, defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action".AAP-6 It includes surface based ...

and anti-surface warfare operations. The codename Udaloy comes from an archaic Russian adjective ''удалой'', meaning ''daring'' or ''bold''.

History

The Project 1155 dates to the 1970s when it was concluded that it was too costly to build large-displacement, multi-role combatants. The concept of a specialized surface ship was developed by Soviet designers. Two different types of warships were laid down, which were designed by the Severnoye Design Bureau: Project 956 destroyer and Project 1155 large

ship. The ''Udaloy'' class are generally considered the Soviet equivalent of the American s. There are variations in SAM and air search radar among units of the class. Based on the , the emphasis on anti-submarine warfare (ASW) left these ships with limited anti-surface and anti-air capabilities. In 2015, the Russian Navy initially announced that five out of the eight Project 1155 ships will be refurbished and upgraded as part of the Navy modernization program by 2022. In 2020 it was suggested that a total of eight Project 1155/1155.1 vessels would be upgraded to the same standard, though work on the remaining three units would extend beyond 2022. In addition to overhauling their radio-electronic warfare and life support systems, they will receive modern missile complexes to fire

P-800 Oniks The P-800 Oniks (russian: П-800 Оникс; en, Onyx), also known in export markets as Yakhont (russian: Яхонт; en, ruby), is a Soviet / Russian supersonic anti-ship cruise missile developed by NPO Mashinostroyeniya as a ramjet version ...

and

Kalibr The 3M-54 Kalibr, (Калибр, caliber), also referred to it as 3M54-1 Kalibr, 3M14 Biryuza (Бирюза, turquoise), ( NATO reporting name SS-N-27 Sizzler and SS-N-30A) is a family of Russian cruise missiles developed by the Novator Design Bu ...

cruise missiles. The ships are to have their service life extended by 30 years until sufficient numbers of s are commissioned. Upgrades will include replacing the Rastrub-B missiles with 3S24 angling launchers fitted with four containers using the

3M24 The Zvezda Kh-35 (russian: Х-35 , AS-20 'Kayak') is a Soviet turbojet subsonic cruise anti-ship missile. The missile can be launched from helicopters, surface ships and coastal defence batteries with the help of a rocket booster, in which c ...

anti-ship missile, and two 3S14-1155 universal VLS with 16 cells for Kalibr land attack, anti-ship, and anti-submarine cruise missiles in place of one of the AK-100 guns.

Udaloy II

Following ''Udaloy''s commissioning, designers began developing an upgrade package in 1982 to provide more balanced capabilities with a greater emphasis on anti-shipping. The Project 1155.1 Fregat II Class Large ASW Ship (NATO Codename Udaloy II) is roughly the counterpart of the Improved ''Spruance'' class; only one was originally completed. Similar to ''Udaloy'' externally, it was a new configuration replacing the

SS-N-14 ''Metel'' Anti-Ship Complex (russian: противолодочный комплекс «Метель» 'Snowstorm'; NATO reporting name: SS-N-14 Silex) is a Russian family of anti-submarine missiles. There are different anti-submarine variants ('M ...

with P-270 Moskit (NATO reporting designation SS-N-22 "Sunburn") anti-ship missiles, a twin 130 mm gun, UDAV-1 anti-torpedo rockets, and gun/SAM

CIWS A close-in weapon system (CIWS ) is a point-defense weapon system for detecting and destroying short-range incoming missiles and enemy aircraft which have penetrated the outer defenses, typically mounted on a naval ship. Nearly all classes of l ...

systems. A standoff ASW capability is retained by firing RPK-2 Vyuga (NATO reporting designation 'SS-N-15 Starfish') missiles from the torpedo tubes. Powered by a modern

gas turbine A gas turbine, also called a combustion turbine, is a type of continuous flow internal combustion engine. The main parts common to all gas turbine engines form the power-producing part (known as the gas generator or core) and are, in the directio ...

engine, the Udaloy II is equipped with more capable sonars, an integrated air defense fire control system, and a number of digital electronic systems based on state-of-the-art circuitry. The original MGK-355 Polinom integrated sonar system (with

NATO reporting name NATO reporting names are code names for military equipment from Russia, China, and historically, the Eastern Bloc (Soviet Union and other nations of the Warsaw Pact). They provide unambiguous and easily understood English words in a uniform man ...

s 'Horse Jaw' and 'Horse Tail' respectively for the hull-mounted and towed portions) on ''Udaloy''-I ships is replaced by its successor, a newly designed Zvezda M-2 sonar system that has a range in excess of in the 2nd convergence zone. The Zvezda sonar system is considered by its designers to be the equivalent in terms of overall performance of the AN/SQS-53 on US destroyers, though much bulkier and heavier than its American counterpart: the length of the hull-mounted portion is nearly . The torpedo approaching warning function of the Polinom sonar system is retained and further improved by its successor.

Operational history

In 2008, became the first Russian warship to transit the

Panama Canal The Panama Canal ( es, Canal de Panamá, link=no) is an artificial waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean and divides North and South America. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and is a condui ...

since

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...

. deployed to the Mediterranean Sea from its home base in Russia's Northern Fleet in June 2014.

Ships

Gallery

File:RFNS Admiral Levchenko DDG-605.jpg, ''Admiral Levchenko'' (605) sailing along with USS ''Hue City'' in the North Sea, 2004 File:RFNMarshalShaposhnikov.jpg, ''Marshal Shaposhnikov'' transiting the channel into Pearl Harbor in 2003 File:Destroyer Admiral Panteleyev.jpg, ''Admiral Panteleyev'' File:Vitse-admiralKulakov1985.jpg, ''Vice Admiral Kulakov'' in 1985 File:Vice Admiral Kulakov-2.jpg, ''Vice-Admiral Kulakov'' arriving at Portsmouth, UK in August 2012. File:Vice Admiral Kulakov-1.jpg, ''Vice-Admiral Kulakov'' arriving at Portsmouth, UK in August 2012. File:Vice Admiral Kulakov-3.JPG, ''Vice-Admiral Kulakov'' leaving Portsmouth, UK in August 2012. File:Vice Admiral Kulakov-4-Upperworks.JPG, ''Vice-Admiral Kulakov''s upperworks and ''Top Plate'' radar. File:Vice Admiral Kulakov-5-Missiles.JPG, SS-N-14 Silex missiles aboard ''Vice-Admiral Kulakov''. File:Vice Admiral Kulakov-6-Bow guns.JPG, 100mm 70cal DP guns of ''Vice-Admiral Kulakov''. File:Vice Admiral Kulakov-7-stern ramp & flight deck.JPG, Stern & flight deck of ''Vice-Admiral Kulakov''.

References

External links

Maritimequest Russian Destroyer Index

Udaloy I class (Project 1155R Fregat) anti-submarine destroyer

{{Soviet and Russian ships after 1945 Destroyer classes