Ubaydah ibn al-Harith
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ʿUbayda ibn al-Ḥārith ( ar, عبيدة بن الحارث) () was a relative and companion of the Islamic prophet
Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد;  570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the mon ...
. He is known for commanding the expedition in which Islam’s first arrow was shot and for being the first Muslim to be ''
martyred A martyr (, ''mártys'', "witness", or , ''marturia'', stem , ''martyr-'') is someone who suffers persecution and death for advocating, renouncing, or refusing to renounce or advocate, a religious belief or other cause as demanded by an externa ...
'' in battle and third ever in Islam.


Family

Ubaydah was the son of al-Harith ibn
Muttalib ibn Abd Manaf Al-Muttalib ibn Abd al-Manaf ( ar, ٱلْـمُطَّلِب ٱبْن عَبْد مَنَاف, ''al-Muṭṭalib ibn Abd al-Manāf'') was the grandfather of Ubaydah ibn al-Harith, a sahabi of Muhammad. He was also the ancestor of Imam Shafi. Hist ...
ibn Qusayy,Muhammad ibn Ishaq, ''Sirat Rasul Allah''. Translated by Guillaume, A. (1955). ''The Life of Muhammad''. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Abdullah and of his uncle Abu Talib. His mother, Sukhayla bint Khuza'i ibn Huwayrith ibn al-Harith ibn Khaythama ibn al-Harith ibn Malik ibn Jusham ibn Thaqif, was from the
Thaqif The Banu Thaqif ( ar, بنو ثقيف, Banū Thaqīf) is an Arab tribe which inhabited, and still inhabits, the city of Ta'if and its environs, in modern Saudi Arabia, and played a prominent role in early Islamic history. During the pre-Islamic ...
tribe. He had two full brothers, al-Tufayl and al-Husayn, who were more than twenty years younger than himself. By various concubines, he was the father of nine children: Muawiya, Awn, Munqidh, al-Harith, Ibrahim, Rabta, Khadija, Suhaykhla and Safiya.Zaynab bint Khuzayma. Ubaydah's appearance is described as "medium, swarthy, with a handsome face."Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...
before Muhammad entered the house of
al-Arqam Al-Arqam is a Malaysian-based Islamic religious sect, founded by Ashaari Mohammad. The sect was banned by the Malaysian federal government on 21 October 1994. More than 5 Al-Arqam members including Ashaari Mohammad (leader of movement) were ar ...
in 614.Islam Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God (or '' Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the ...
 at the invitation of
Abu Bakr Abu Bakr Abdallah ibn Uthman Abi Quhafa (; – 23 August 634) was the senior companion and was, through his daughter Aisha, a father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, as well as the first caliph of Islam. He is known with the honor ...
. In 622 Ubaydah and his brothers, together with their young cousin Mistah ibn Uthatha, joined the general
emigration Emigration is the act of leaving a resident country or place of residence with the intent to settle elsewhere (to permanently leave a country). Conversely, immigration describes the movement of people into one country from another (to permanent ...
to
Medina Medina,, ', "the radiant city"; or , ', (), "the city" officially Al Madinah Al Munawwarah (, , Turkish: Medine-i Münevvere) and also commonly simplified as Madīnah or Madinah (, ), is the Holiest sites in Islam, second-holiest city in Islam, ...
. until Muhammad allotted them some land in Medina. Muhammad gave Ubaydah two brothers in Islam: Abu Bakr's freedman Bilal ibn Rabah and an ''ansar'' named Umayr ibn Al-Humam.Hamza Hamza ( ar, همزة ') () is a letter in the Arabic alphabet, representing the glottal stop . Hamza is not one of the 28 "full" letters and owes its existence to historical inconsistencies in the standard writing system. It is derived from ...
 was the first.Abu Sufyan ibn Harb Sakhr ibn Harb ibn Umayya ibn Abd Shams ( ar, صخر بن حرب بن أمية بن عبد شمس, Ṣakhr ibn Ḥarb ibn Umayya ibn ʿAbd Shams; ), better known by his '' kunya'' Abu Sufyan ( ar, أبو سفيان, Abū Sufyān), was a prominent ...
 and 200 armed riders.Haykal, M. H. (1935). Translated by al-Faruqi, I. R. A. (1976). ''The Life of Muhammad'', p. 256. Chicago: North American Trust Publications.Mubarakpuri, S. R. (1979). ''Ar-Raheeq Al-Maktum'' (''The Sealed Nectar''), p. 92. Riyadh: Darussalem Publishers.Note: Book contains a list of battles of Muhammad in Arabic, English translation availabl
here
/ref> The Muslim party travelled as far as the wells at Thanyat al-Murra, where
Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas , image = File:Saad ibn Abi Waqqas Masjid an-Nabawi Calligraphy.png , alt = , caption = His name in Arabic calligraphy , birth_date = , death_date = , birth_place = Mecca, Hejaz, Arabia , death_place ...
shot an arrow at the Quraysh, said to be the first arrow shot in Islam. Despite this surprise attack, "they did not unsheathe a sword or approach one another," and the Muslims returned empty-handed.


Death

Ubaydah was killed in the
battle of Badr The Battle of Badr ( ar, غَزْوَةُ بَدِرْ ), also referred to as The Day of the Criterion (, ) in the Qur'an and by Muslims, was fought on 13 March 624 CE (17 Ramadan, 2 AH), near the present-day city of Badr, Al Madinah Provin ...
in 624 in triple combat against Utbah ibn Rabi'ah, who cut off his leg. Although he was the first Muslim to be struck down at Badr, he survived his injury for several hours, so the first Muslims who actually died in the battle were Umar’s freedman Mihja’ and Haritha ibn Suraqa. It is alleged that Ubaydah composed poetry while he was dying:
''You may cut off my leg, yet I am a Muslim.'' ''I hope in exchange for a life near to Allah,'' ''with ''Houris'' fashioned like the most beautiful statues,'' ''with the highest heaven for those who mount there...''
He died at al-Safra, a day's march from Badr, and was buried there.Family tree of Ubaydah ibn al-Harith Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Ideall ...
 *
Sahaba The Companions of the Prophet ( ar, اَلصَّحَابَةُ; ''aṣ-ṣaḥāba'' meaning "the companions", from the verb meaning "accompany", "keep company with", "associate with") were the disciples and followers of Muhammad who saw or m ...
*
List of expeditions of Muhammad __NOTOC__ The list of expeditions of Muhammad includes the expeditions undertaken by the Muslim community during the lifetime of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Some sources use the word ''ghazwa'' and a related plural ''maghazi'' in a narrow techn ...
*
Shahid ''Shaheed'' ( ,  ,   ; pa, ਸ਼ਹੀਦ) denotes a martyr in Islam. The word is used frequently in the Quran in the generic sense of "witness" but only once in the sense of "martyr" (i.e. one who dies for his faith); ...


External links


abudawud Book 14, Number 2659


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ubaydah Ibn al-Harith 624 deaths People killed at the Battle of Badr Year of birth unknown Companions of the Prophet