USS Luiseno (ATF-156)

USS ''Luiseno'' (ATF-156) was an built for the United States Navy during World War II. Named after the Luiseño peoples (the southernmost division of the Shoshone Indians of California, who received their name from Mission San Luis Rey de Francia, the most important Spanish mission in their territory), she was the only U.S. Naval vessel to bear the name.

Construction

''Luiseno'' was laid down on 7 November 1944 by the Charleston Shipbuilding & Drydock Company of Charleston, South Carolina; launched 17 March 1945; sponsored by Mrs. William J. Roth, Jr.; and commissioned 16 June 1945.

Service history

US Navy service

After shakedown, ''Luiseno'' operated out of Norfolk, Virginia and Boston before sailing for Florida 28 July. For the rest of the year she performed salvage and target towing services in the Florida/Cuba area. During the summer of 1946 the fleet tug made a cruise to Bremerhaven, Germany to tow a 350-ton crane to Cristóbal in the Canal Zone, arriving there 20 September. From 1946 ''Luiseno'' performed miscellaneous duties including target towing, salvage operations, and other vital services, along the east coast, in the Caribbean and from her home port, Newport, Rhode Island.

During the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962 she operated out of the Guantanamo Naval Base, ready to perform any duty for which she would be called. ''Luiseno'' removed aircraft wreckage from the 1966 Palomares B-52 crash for dumping in the Atlantic.

''Luiseno'' received the Navy Unit Commendation, Navy Expeditionary Medal (2-Cuba), American Campaign Medal, World War II Victory Medal, National Defense Service Medal, and the Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal (1-Cuba).

Argentine Navy service

Decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 July 1975, ''Luiseno'' was subsequently transferred to Argentina under terms of the Security Assistance Program and renamed ARA ''Francisco de Gurruchaga'' (A-3). She was still in service with the Argentine Navy as of 2009.

''Gurruchaga'' incident

On 19 February 1982, six weeks before the beginning of the Falklands War, an incident occurred that could have sparked a full-fledged war between Chile and Argentina during the Papal mediation in the Beagle conflict. ARA ''Gurruchaga'' was anchored at Deceit Island inside the Beagle zone under mediation in Vatican, ostensibly providing support for sports boats participating in the Rio de Janeiro-Sydney boat race. The '' Quidora'' torpedo Boat approached and ordered the Argentine ship to leave the area. She fired several warning shots when the Argentine craft refused to move, as other Chilean ships converged to the scene. Although originally ordered not to leave the area and to wait for Argentine warships to arrive, the Argentine patrol boat received new orders to proceed to port as it became obvious that the Chilean navy had no intentions of backing down.

Falklands war

During the Falklands war, ''Gurruchaga'' was assigned to support Task Group 79.3, centered around the cruiser ARA ''General Belgrano''. When ''Belgrano'' was torpedoed by the British submarine on 2 May 1982, she sailed from Ushuaia to participate in rescue operations. From a total of 770 crewmembers rescued, 365 were saved by ''Gurruchaga'', whose powerful searchlights and low freeboard proved particularly useful in recovering survivors from their liferafts.

Notes

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Luiseno
Abnaki-class tugs
Ships built in Charleston, South Carolina
1945 ships
World War II auxiliary ships of the United States
Cold War auxiliary ships of the United States
Ships transferred from the United States Navy to the Argentine Navy