Tyachiv

Tiachiv ( uk, Тячів; rue, Тячово; hu, Técső; yi, טעטש, translit=Tetch) is a city located on the Tisza River in Zakarpattia Oblast (region) in western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of Tiachiv Raion (district). Today, the population is .

Names

There are several alternative names used for this city: Rusyn: Тячево, Yiddish: טעטש or ''Tetch'', German: ''Groß-Teutschenau'', Hungarian: ''Técső'', Romanian: ''Teceu Mare'', Slovak: ''Ťačiv'' or historically ''Tačovo'', russian: Тячев.

History

In the year 1211 the town was mentioned the first time as ''Tecu''. Later, in 1333 as ''Thecho'', in 1334 ''Teucev'', in 1335 ''Theuchev''. The town was founded by Saxon and Hungarian colonists in the second half of 13 century. Until 1920, as part of Máramaros County it was part of the Kingdom of Hungary. In 1939, following the annexation of the whole of Carpathian Ruthenia, the city became again part of Hungary until the end of World War II.

Jewish history

Upon the departure of Rabbi Chananya Yom Tov Lipa Teitelbaum, called the "''Ba'al Kedushes Yom Tov''" ( he, ) who was the city's rabbi until his father's death, the town replaced him with his brother, Rabbi Eliyahu Betzalel Teitelbaum.

A few years after Rabbi Eliyahu Betzalel's death, his son, Rabbi Moshe Teitelbaum, was appointed to the rabbinate, but died soon after, leaving the position vacant for several years, until he was succeeded by Rabbi Mayer Gruenwald, son of Rabbi Avrohom Yosef of Ungvar, son of Rabbi Moshe Greenwald of Chust, Hungary and progenitor of the Pupa Hasidic dynasty, who inherited the previous rabbi's position upon marrying his daughter in 1928.

Rabbi Chaim Teitelbaum, Eliyahu Betzalel's other son, was the rabbi of the community of the Sighet ''hasidim'', and was supported by the followers of the Kosov sect as well.

Rabbi Mayer established a yeshiva for 45 teenagers (''bochurim'', "Yeshiva students"). In January 1940, Rabbi Joel Teitelbaum of Satmer visited the town to support his cousin Rabbi Chaim Teitelbaum's claim to the rabbinate. The settlement reached a peak of 1,000 Jewish inhabitants by the year 1940.

In late May, 1944, the Nazis marched into town. Shortly thereafter the town's Jewish residents were deported to concentration camps. Rabbi Teitelbaum was put alive in fire, and Rabbi Grunwald and his family were taken to death camps in Auschwitz. While his wife and 9 children perished in Auschwitz, Rabbi Grunwald survived and after the war was instrumental in establishing and strengthening Orthodox Judaism in Toronto. He died in 1965.

Demographics

In 2001, the population of Tiachiv region included mainly Ukrainians (83.2%), followed by Romanians (12.4%). There were 2.9% Hungarians and 1.0% Russians. The remaining people made up 0.5% of the population.

Climate

The climate in Tiachiv is a mild/cool summer subtype (Köppen: ''Dfb'') of the humid continental climate.

Twin towns — sister cities

Tiachiv is twinned with:
* Bucha, Ukraine
* Nagykálló, Hungary
* Jászberény, Hungary
* Kazincbarcika, Hungary
* Vác, Hungary
* Negrești-Oaș, Romania
* Bardejov, Slovakia
* Pestszentlőrinc-Pestszentimre, Hungary
* Chotěboř, Czech Republic

Notable natives and residents

*Simon Hollósy, Hungarian painter and prominent teacher, a member of the influential Nagybánya artists' colony founded in 1896; he lived and taught here during the summers beginning in 1902, and died here in 1918.

See also

* Tetsh (Hasidic dynasty)

References

External links

Tiachiv
in th
Encyclopedia of Ukraine

The history of the city of Tyachiv

Cities in Zakarpattia Oblast
Cities of district significance in Ukraine

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