Tube-dwelling spiders (Segestriidae) are a family of

araneomorph The Araneomorphae (also called the Labidognatha) are an infraorder of spiders. They are distinguishable by chelicerae (fangs) that point diagonally forward and cross in a pinching action, in contrast to the Mygalomorphae (tarantulas and their ...

spider Spiders ( order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species ...

s first described by Eugène Simon in 1893. It consists of five genera, two large and widespread, '' Segestria'' and ''

Ariadna ''Ariadna'' is a genus of tube-dwelling spider (family Segestriidae). Species , the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species: *'' Ariadna abbreviata'' Marsh, Stevens & Framenau, 2022 – Tasmania *''Ariadna abrilae'' Grismado, 20 ...

'', and three smaller genera, '' Citharoceps'', '' Gippsicola'' and '' Indoseges''. They are

haplogyne The Haplogynae or haplogynes are one of the two main groups into which araneomorph spiders have traditionally been divided, the other being the Entelegynae. Morphological phylogenetic studies suggested that the Haplogynae formed a clade; more rece ...

spiders, related to the

Dysderidae Dysderidae, also known as woodlouse hunters, sowbug-eating spiders, and cell spiders, is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1837. They are found primarily in Eurasia, extending into North Africa with very few s ...

and placed in clade or superfamily Dysderoidea. Members of this family are easily recognized because their first three pairs of legs are arranged forward instead of two and they have six eyes instead of eight, arranged in a semicircle. The leg structure appears to be an adaptation for living in silken tubes. Unlike those of the atypical tarantulas, these tubes may branch and are often built in

tree In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are ...

bark fissures, as well as under stones. Both ''Segestria'' and ''Ariadna'' live in North America,

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the sout ...

Eurasia Eurasia (, ) is the largest continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia. Primarily in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres, it spans from the British Isles and the Iberian Peninsula in the west to the Japanese archipelago ...

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...

and

New Zealand New Zealand ( mi, Aotearoa ) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and over 700 smaller islands. It is the sixth-largest island count ...

, though ''Ariadna'' also lives in Australia.

Genera

, the

World Spider Catalog The World Spider Catalog (WSC) is an online searchable database concerned with spider taxonomy. It aims to list all accepted families, genera and species, as well as provide access to the related taxonomic literature. The WSC began as a series of ...

accepts the following genera: * ''

'' Audouin, 1826—South America, Europe, North America, Oceania, Africa, Asia, Central America, Dominican Republic * '' Citharoceps'' Chamberlin, 1924—United States, Mexico * '' Gippsicola'' Hogg, 1900—Australia * '' Indoseges'' Siliwal, Das, Choudhury & Giroti, 2021—India * '' Segestria'' Latreille, 1804—Asia, North America, Europe, South America, Africa, New Zealand

References

External links

* * {{Taxonbar, from=Q11712 Segestriidae

Genera

See also

References

External links