Trypillia ( ua , Трипiлля) is a
selo in
Obukhiv Raion (district) of
Kyiv Oblast
Kyiv Oblast ( uk, Ки́ївська о́бласть, translit=Kyïvska oblast), also called Kyivshchyna ( uk, Ки́ївщина), is an oblast (province) in central and northern Ukraine. It surrounds, but does not include, the city of Kyiv, ...
in central
Ukraine
Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inva ...
, with 2,800 inhabitants (as of 1 January 2005). It belongs to
Ukrainka urban hromada, one of the
hromada
A hromada ( uk, територіальна громада, lit=territorial community, translit=terytorialna hromada) is a basic unit of administrative division in Ukraine, similar to a municipality. It was established by the Government of Ukra ...
s of Ukraine.
Trypillia lies about south from
Kyiv
Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making Kyiv the seventh-most populous city in Europe.
Ky ...
on the
Dnipro
Dnipro, previously called Dnipropetrovsk from 1926 until May 2016, is Ukraine's fourth-largest city, with about one million inhabitants. It is located in the eastern part of Ukraine, southeast of the Ukrainian capital Kyiv on the Dnieper Rive ...
.
Trypillia is the site of an ancient mega-settlement dating to 4300–4000 BCE belonging to the
Cucuteni-Trypillian culture. Settlements of this culture were as large as 200 hectares. This proto-city is just one of 2440 Cucuteni-Trypillia settlements discovered so far in
Moldova
Moldova ( , ; ), officially the Republic of Moldova ( ro, Republica Moldova), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south. The unrecognised state of Transnistri ...
and Ukraine. 194 (8%) of these settlements had an area of more than 10 hectares between 5000–2700 BCE and more than 29 settlements had an area in the range 100–450 hectares.
History
It was near Trypillia that archaeologist
Vikentiy Khvoyka discovered an extensive
Neolithic
The Neolithic period, or New Stone Age, is an Old World archaeological period and the final division of the Stone Age. It saw the Neolithic Revolution, a wide-ranging set of developments that appear to have arisen independently in several pa ...
site of the
Cucuteni-Trypillian culture, one of the major Neolithic-
Chalcolithic
The Copper Age, also called the Chalcolithic (; from grc-gre, χαλκός ''khalkós'', "copper" and ''líthos'', "Rock (geology), stone") or (A)eneolithic (from Latin ''wikt:aeneus, aeneus'' "of copper"), is an list of archaeologi ...
cultures of eastern Europe. Khvoika reported his findings in 1897 to the 11th Congress of Archaeologists, marking the official date of the discovery of this culture.
The name ''Trypillia'' means 'three fields' in the
Slavic languages
The Slavic languages, also known as the Slavonic languages, are Indo-European languages spoken primarily by the Slavic peoples and their descendants. They are thought to descend from a proto-language called Proto-Slavic, spoken during the ...
. It was first mentioned by Kyivan chroniclers in connection with the
Battle of the Stugna River
The Battle of the Stuhna River (sometimes written as Stugna River; 26 May 1093) was fought between the princes of Kievan Rus', Sviatopolk II of Kiev, Vladimir II Monomakh of Chernigov, and Rostislav Vsevolodovich of Pereyaslavl against the noma ...
in 1093. During the 12th century, Trypillia was a fortress that defended approaches towards Kyiv from the
steppe
In physical geography, a steppe () is an ecoregion characterized by grassland plains without trees apart from those near rivers and lakes.
Steppe biomes may include:
* the montane grasslands and shrublands biome
* the temperate gras ...
. One of its rulers was
Mstislav Mstislavich. During the subsequent centuries, the town dwindled into insignificance. In 1919 it was the venue of the
Trypillia Incident
''The Trypillia Tragedy'' (russian: Трипольская трагедия, Tripolskaya tragedia) is a 1926 Soviet drama film by Alexander Anoschenko-Anoda.
Plot
The film is based on a historical incident, the massacre of a Komsomol special de ...
, in which Ukrainian forces under
Danylo Terpylo
Danylo Ilkovych Terpylo,, ''Danilo Il'kovich Terpylo''russian: Дании́л Ильи́ч Терпи́ло, ''Daniil Il'ich Terpilo'' widely known as the Green Ataman, ''Otaman Zelenyy''russian: атаман Зелёный, ''Ataman Zelyonyy'' ...
massacred a unit of
Bolsheviks
The Bolsheviks (russian: Большевики́, from большинство́ ''bol'shinstvó'', 'majority'),; derived from ''bol'shinstvó'' (большинство́), "majority", literally meaning "one of the majority". also known in English ...
.
See also
*
History of Ukraine
Prehistoric Ukraine, as a part of the Pontic steppe in Eastern Europe, played an important role in Eurasian cultural contacts, including the spread of the Chalcolithic, the Bronze Age, Indo-European migrations and the domestication of the hor ...
*
Neolithic Europe
The European Neolithic is the period when Neolithic (New Stone Age) technology was present in Europe, roughly between 7000 BCE (the approximate time of the first farming societies in Greece) and c.2000–1700 BCE (the beginning of the Bronze Ag ...
Notes
Bibliography
*Videiko M. Yu
Trypillia Civilization in Prehistory of Europe Kyiv Domain Archeological Museum, Kyiv, 2005.
External links
Trypillian MuseumUkrainian NeolithThe Trypillia-USA-Project
The Trypillian Civilization Society homepage (in English).
A page from the UK-based group "Arattagar" about Trypillian Culture, which has many great photographs of the group's trip to the Trypillian Museum in Trypillia, Ukraine (in English).
{{Coord, 50, 06, 54, N, 30, 46, 35, E, region:UA-32_type:city, display=title
Villages in Obukhiv Raion
Archaeological sites in Ukraine
Archaeology of Ukraine
Archaeological type sites