''Trybuna Ludu'' (; ''People's Tribune'') was one of the largest newspapers in communist Poland, which circulated between 1948 and 1990. It was the official media outlet of the

Polish United Workers' Party The Polish United Workers' Party ( pl, Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza; ), commonly abbreviated to PZPR, was the communist party which ruled the Polish People's Republic as a one-party state from 1948 to 1989. The PZPR had led two other lega ...

(PZPR) and one of its main

propaganda Propaganda is communication that is primarily used to influence or persuade an audience to further an agenda, which may not be objective and may be selectively presenting facts to encourage a particular synthesis or perception, or using loaded ...

outlets along with the televised news program '' Dziennik''.

History

Creation

On 16 December 1948, Poland's two largest communist parties, the

Polish Socialist Party The Polish Socialist Party ( pl, Polska Partia Socjalistyczna, PPS) is a socialist political party in Poland. It was one of the most important parties in Poland from its inception in 1892 until its merger with the communist Polish Workers' ...

and the

Polish Workers' Party The Polish Workers' Party ( pl, Polska Partia Robotnicza, PPR) was a communist party in Poland from 1942 to 1948. It was founded as a reconstitution of the Communist Party of Poland (KPP) and merged with the Polish Socialist Party (PPS) in 194 ...

, were combined to form the Polish United Workers' Party. The parties' respective newspapers, '' Robotnik'', and '' Głos Ludu'', were merged as well, forming the ''Trybuna Ludu''.

Significance

Through the 20th century, the media in Poland were entirely controlled by the PZPR and newspapers were no exception. ''Trybuna Ludu'' and its smaller competitors promoted the party line. This newspaper had a significant role in spreading communist propaganda during the communist domination in the Polish People's Republic. It was also responsible for "rewriting history". As the official party newspaper, ''Trybuna Luda'' dominated the market. By the end of 1981, circulation topped 1 million. Despite growing opposition to the party, the number of ''Trybuna Ludu'' subscribers continued to grow and reached nearly 1.9 million by the time the communist state was dissolved.

Party dissolution and aftermath

The break-up of the PZPR began on 28 January 1990, just hours after the final issue of ''Trybuna Ludu'' was printed. Despite an attempted relaunch as ''

Trybuna Kongresowa ''Trybuna'' () was a Polish left-wing newspaper, often seen as the outlet of the post-communist factions (Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland, Democratic Left Alliance). History and profile ''Trybuna'' inherited many traditions, including ...

'', the paper was unable to survive the

fall of communism in Poland Autumn, also known as fall in American English and Canadian English, is one of the four temperate seasons on Earth. Outside the tropics, autumn marks the transition from summer to winter, in September (Northern Hemisphere) or March ( Southe ...

. After 1990, much of its editorial was taken over unofficially by ''

Trybuna ''Trybuna'' () was a Polish left-wing newspaper, often seen as the outlet of the post-communist factions ( Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland, Democratic Left Alliance). History and profile ''Trybuna'' inherited many traditions, including ...

'', a newly-created left-wing newspaper. Even at its peak, ''Trybuna'' had just 50,000 readers, and could not make money. Printing was halted in late 2009.

History

Creation

Significance

Party dissolution and aftermath

Editors-in-chief

References

Notes

See also