Tromborn
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Tromborn () is a commune in the
Moselle The Moselle ( , ; german: Mosel ; lb, Musel ) is a river that rises in the Vosges mountains and flows through north-eastern France and Luxembourg to western Germany. It is a bank (geography), left bank tributary of the Rhine, which it jo ...
department Department may refer to: * Departmentalization, division of a larger organization into parts with specific responsibility Government and military *Department (administrative division), a geographical and administrative division within a country, ...
in
Grand Est Grand Est (; gsw-FR, Grossa Oschta; Moselle Franconian/ lb, Grouss Osten; Rhine Franconian: ''Groß Oschte''; german: Großer Osten ; en, "Great East") is an administrative region in Northeastern France. It superseded three former administrat ...
in north-eastern
France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
.


Geography

Tromborn is a rural village located at the center of the triangle formed by the towns of
Bouzonville Bouzonville (; ; Lorraine Franconian: ''Busendroff'') is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in northeastern France. The localities of Aidling, Benting and Heckling are incorporated in the commune. It lies from Metz and the same ...
,
Boulay Boulay is a surname, and may refer to: * Antoine Jacques Claude Joseph, comte Boulay de la Meurthe (1761–1840), French politician and magistrate * Diana Boulay (born 1946), Canadian artist * Étienne Boulay (born 1983), Canadian footballer * F ...
and
Creutzwald Creutzwald (german: Kreuzwald) is a commune in the Moselle département in Grand Est in north-eastern France. With Germany, it manages the Warndt forest. History The town was formed in 1810, by the merging of the three villages of ''La Croi ...
. The commune is located 3 km from the German border. Tromborn is 32 km from
Metz Metz ( , , lat, Divodurum Mediomatricorum, then ) is a city in northeast France located at the confluence of the Moselle and the Seille rivers. Metz is the prefecture of the Moselle department and the seat of the parliament of the Grand E ...
, 6 km from
Saarlouis Saarlouis (; french: link=no, Sarrelouis, ; formerly Sarre-Libre and Saarlautern) is a town in Saarland, Germany, capital of the district of Saarlouis. In 2020, the town had a population of 34,409. Saarlouis, as the name implies, is located on t ...
and 11 km from
Boulay Boulay is a surname, and may refer to: * Antoine Jacques Claude Joseph, comte Boulay de la Meurthe (1761–1840), French politician and magistrate * Diana Boulay (born 1946), Canadian artist * Étienne Boulay (born 1983), Canadian footballer * F ...
. An
orientation table A toposcope, topograph, or orientation table is a kind of graphic display erected at viewing points on hills, mountains or other high places which indicates the direction, and usually the distance, to notable landscape features which can be seen ...
provides an overview of the valley of the Nied where footpaths are also listed on a map. From this overview, it's possible to see
Luxembourg Luxembourg ( ; lb, Lëtzebuerg ; french: link=no, Luxembourg; german: link=no, Luxemburg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, ; french: link=no, Grand-Duché de Luxembourg ; german: link=no, Großherzogtum Luxemburg is a small lan ...
and Malbrouck Castle, located more than 30 km away, just with binoculars. The
Vosges Mountains The Vosges ( , ; german: Vogesen ; Franconian and gsw, Vogese) are a range of low mountains in Eastern France, near its border with Germany. Together with the Palatine Forest to the north on the German side of the border, they form a single ...
, located about 100 km away, can be observed in clear weather with a hand-held telescope or
telephoto lens A telephoto lens, in photography and cinematography, is a specific type of a long-focus lens in which the physical length of the lens is shorter than the focal length. This is achieved by incorporating a special lens group known as a ''telephoto ...
. Near the village: *Téterchen
wind farm A wind farm or wind park, also called a wind power station or wind power plant, is a group of wind turbines in the same location used Wind power, to produce electricity. Wind farms vary in size from a small number of turbines to several hundre ...
s were the first wind farms in the north east of France; *At 3 km, the Lorraine House of Oberdorff with the Museum of Popular Arts and Traditions; *At 11 km, Teufelsburg castle built by
John I, Duke of Lorraine John I (February 1346 Р23 September 1390) was the Duke of Lorraine from 1346 to his death. As an infant of six months, he succeeded his father, Rudolph, who was killed in the Battle of Cr̩cy. His mother was Marie of Blois. Life During J ...
in 1360 in
Felsberg Felsberg (german: rock hill, link=no) may refer to: * Felsberg, Hessen, a town in Schwalm-Eder-Kreis, Hessen, Germany * , a part of Ãœberherrn, Landkreis Saarlouis, Saarland, Germany * Felsberg (Odenwald), a mountain in the Odenwald hills, Landk ...
, ; *At 27 km, the
Völklingen Ironworks The Völklingen Ironworks (german: Völklinger Hütte) is a former blast-furnace complex located in the German town of Völklingen, Saarland. Pig iron production occurred at the site from 1882 through 1986. As one of the only intact ironworks sur ...
() registered in the UNESCO World Heritage since 1994. Visual landscape cues: *Téterchen wind turbines, with a maximum height of 127 meters rising to 500 meters; *A steel tower with a height of 76 meters used by
Électricité de France Électricité de France S.A. (literally ''Electricity of France''), commonly known as EDF, is a French multinational electric utility company, largely owned by the French state. Headquartered in Paris, with €71.2 billion in revenues in 2 ...
, Orange,
SFR SFR (; ''Société française du radiotéléphone'', ) is a French telecommunications company. As of December 2015, it had 21.9 million customers in Metropolitan France for mobile services, and provided 6.35 million households with high-spee ...
and TDF to make radio transmissions rises to 456 meters; *The steeple of the Saint-Martin church with an approximate height of 30 meters in the village center, rises to 380 meters.


Climate

Tromborn has an oceanic climate with temperate summers (Cfb in the
Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notabl ...
). Given its position on a plateau, the village is constantly swept by winds. Tempestuous winds are exceptional but sometimes cause damage to roofs and trees, average wind speed is 20 km/h.


Agriculture

Agriculture in the village grew into a landscape of open fields. Two-thirds of the surface of Tromborn (about 4 hectares) are agricultural land. There is intensive production of
wheat Wheat is a grass widely cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain that is a worldwide staple food. The many species of wheat together make up the genus ''Triticum'' ; the most widely grown is common wheat (''T. aestivum''). The archaeologi ...
,
barley Barley (''Hordeum vulgare''), a member of the grass family, is a major cereal grain grown in temperate climates globally. It was one of the first cultivated grains, particularly in Eurasia as early as 10,000 years ago. Globally 70% of barley pr ...
and
maize Maize ( ; ''Zea mays'' subsp. ''mays'', from es, maíz after tnq, mahiz), also known as corn (North American and Australian English), is a cereal grain first domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 10,000 years ago. Th ...
and industrial crops such as rapeseed. Today there are still some meadows, some of which are used for breeding
sheep Sheep or domestic sheep (''Ovis aries'') are domesticated, ruminant mammals typically kept as livestock. Although the term ''sheep'' can apply to other species in the genus ''Ovis'', in everyday usage it almost always refers to domesticated s ...
and cows.


Forests

The forest area extends over a quarter of the area of the village, a total of around 1.5 hectares. Note the presence of
beech Beech (''Fagus'') is a genus of deciduous trees in the family Fagaceae, native to temperate Europe, Asia, and North America. Recent classifications recognize 10 to 13 species in two distinct subgenera, ''Engleriana'' and ''Fagus''. The ''Engle ...
, of
spruce A spruce is a tree of the genus ''Picea'' (), a genus of about 35 species of coniferous evergreen trees in the family Pinaceae, found in the northern temperate and boreal (taiga) regions of the Earth. ''Picea'' is the sole genus in the subfami ...
, of
oak An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus ''Quercus'' (; Latin "oak tree") of the beech family, Fagaceae. There are approximately 500 extant species of oaks. The common name "oak" also appears in the names of species in related genera, notably ''L ...
, of
charm Charm may refer to: Social science * Charisma, a person or thing's pronounced ability to attract others * Superficial charm, flattery, telling people what they want to hear Science and technology * Charm quark, a type of elementary particle * Ch ...
and coppicing.


Wildlife

A number of rare bird species are found in the region, such as the
corncrake The corn crake, corncrake or landrail (''Crex crex'') is a bird in the rail family. It breeds in Europe and Asia as far east as western China, and migrates to Africa for the Northern Hemisphere's winter. It is a medium-sized crake with buff- ...
, the
Eurasian hobby The Eurasian hobby (''Falco subbuteo'') or just hobby, is a small, slim falcon. It belongs to a rather close-knit group of similar falcons often considered a subgenus '' Hypotriorchis''. Taxonomy and systematics The first formal description of ...
, the curlew and the
common grasshopper warbler The common grasshopper warbler (''Locustella naevia'') is a species of Old World warbler in the grass warbler genus ''Locustella''. It breeds across much of temperate Europe and the western Palearctic. It is migratory, wintering in north and we ...
. Other species have been seen, such as the red kite, the blue tit, the buzzard, the pheasant, the marbled white butterfly, the kestrel and the
wagtail Wagtails are a group of passerine birds that form the genus ''Motacilla'' in the family Motacillidae. The forest wagtail belongs to the monotypic genus ''Dendronanthus'' which is closely related to ''Motacilla'' and sometimes included therein. T ...
. The forest area of the village is inhabited by the common species to the region such as
wild boar The wild boar (''Sus scrofa''), also known as the wild swine, common wild pig, Eurasian wild pig, or simply wild pig, is a suid native to much of Eurasia and North Africa, and has been introduced to the Americas and Oceania. The species is ...
,
deer Deer or true deer are hoofed ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. The two main groups of deer are the Cervinae, including the muntjac, the elk (wapiti), the red deer, and the fallow deer; and the Capreolinae, including the reindeer ...
and
fox Foxes are small to medium-sized, omnivorous mammals belonging to several genera of the family Canidae. They have a flattened skull, upright, triangular ears, a pointed, slightly upturned snout, and a long bushy tail (or ''brush''). Twelve sp ...
.


Transport

The village is located at kilometer 32 of the departmental route 954 which extends from west to east of
Metz Metz ( , , lat, Divodurum Mediomatricorum, then ) is a city in northeast France located at the confluence of the Moselle and the Seille rivers. Metz is the prefecture of the Moselle department and the seat of the parliament of the Grand E ...
(km 0) to
Saarlouis Saarlouis (; french: link=no, Sarrelouis, ; formerly Sarre-Libre and Saarlautern) is a town in Saarland, Germany, capital of the district of Saarlouis. In 2020, the town had a population of 34,409. Saarlouis, as the name implies, is located on t ...
(38 km), passing through Boulay-Moselle (km 21). Roads run from Dalem, Rémering, Villing, Oberdorff,
Brettnach Brettnach (german: Brettnach) is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in northeastern France. Population See also * Communes of the Moselle department The following is a list of the 725 communes of the Moselle department of ...
and Téterchen to the village. Tromborn lacks its own railway station, the closest are those of Bouzonville 7 km away, Saint-Avold away and Metz away. The nearest access to the French motorway network is away at Boulay-Moselle on the A4. Access to the German motorway network located from the village is through the exchange of
Saarlouis Saarlouis (; french: link=no, Sarrelouis, ; formerly Sarre-Libre and Saarlautern) is a town in Saarland, Germany, capital of the district of Saarlouis. In 2020, the town had a population of 34,409. Saarlouis, as the name implies, is located on t ...
in the direction of
Luxembourg Luxembourg ( ; lb, Lëtzebuerg ; french: link=no, Luxembourg; german: link=no, Luxemburg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, ; french: link=no, Grand-Duché de Luxembourg ; german: link=no, Großherzogtum Luxemburg is a small lan ...
,
Saarbrücken Saarbrücken (; french: link=no, Sarrebruck ; Rhine Franconian: ''Saarbrigge'' ; lb, Saarbrécken ; lat, Saravipons, lit=The Bridge(s) across the Saar river) is the capital and largest city of the state of Saarland, Germany. Saarbrücken is S ...
,
Trier Trier ( , ; lb, Tréier ), formerly known in English as Trèves ( ;) and Triers (see also names in other languages), is a city on the banks of the Moselle in Germany. It lies in a valley between low vine-covered hills of red sandstone in the ...
and
Mannheim Mannheim (; Palatine German: or ), officially the University City of Mannheim (german: Universitätsstadt Mannheim), is the second-largest city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg after the state capital of Stuttgart, and Germany's 2 ...
. The closest civilian airports are those of Metz-Nancy-Lorraine away,
Luxembourg Luxembourg ( ; lb, Lëtzebuerg ; french: link=no, Luxembourg; german: link=no, Luxemburg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, ; french: link=no, Grand-Duché de Luxembourg ; german: link=no, Großherzogtum Luxemburg is a small lan ...
away and
Strasbourg Strasbourg (, , ; german: Straßburg ; gsw, label=Bas Rhin Alsatian, Strossburi , gsw, label=Haut Rhin Alsatian, Strossburig ) is the prefecture and largest city of the Grand Est region of eastern France and the official seat of the Eu ...
away. Tromborn's postal code is 57320, which is the post office number of
Bouzonville Bouzonville (; ; Lorraine Franconian: ''Busendroff'') is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in northeastern France. The localities of Aidling, Benting and Heckling are incorporated in the commune. It lies from Metz and the same ...
.


Demography

The 1872 census indicates a population decline in the town. Tromborn is a cereal village, the agricultural crisis of the 1890s and the 1914-1918 war accentuated the rural exodus. The town is too far from the new industrial centers of the 20th century, many workers and small landowners permanently abandoned their native villages for the cities. Historical decline between 1936 and 1946 is due to the total destruction of the village at the beginning of the Second World War.


Local culture and heritage


Religious buildings

The Church of St. Martin has
avant-garde The avant-garde (; In 'advance guard' or ' vanguard', literally 'fore-guard') is a person or work that is experimental, radical, or unorthodox with respect to art, culture, or society.John Picchione, The New Avant-garde in Italy: Theoretical ...
architecture designed by architects Roger Fraisse and Madeline Felix years ago. Its construction was completed in 1955 and renovations were made at the beginning of the 21st century. A bell dating from 1695 was once located on the steeple of the church of St. Martin. It is still used today on the ground in the straight extension of the nave inside the building. Its presence since contributes to Tromborn's heritage. At the beginning of the 21st century, a chapel was built inside the village cemetery. File:Eglise_Tromborn.JPG, The church of Saint-Martin. File:Chapelle_Tromborn.JPG, The cemetery chapel


See also

* Communes of the Moselle department


References


External links

* {{Authority control Communes of Moselle (department)