The Transpadane Republic ( it, Repubblica Transpadana) was a

revolution In political science, a revolution (Latin: ''revolutio'', "a turn around") is a fundamental and relatively sudden change in political power and political organization which occurs when the population revolts against the government, typically due ...

ary, provisional and internationally unrecognized government established in

Milan Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city ...

by General Napoleon Bonaparte.

History

On 10 May 1796, the French army defeated the Austrian troops in the Battle of Lodi, and occupied the ancient

Duchy of Milan The Duchy of Milan ( it, Ducato di Milano; lmo, Ducaa de Milan) was a state in northern Italy, created in 1395 by Gian Galeazzo Visconti, then the lord of Milan, and a member of the important Visconti family, which had been ruling the city sin ...

. Napoleon set up a temporary authority, the ''General Administration of Lombardy'', which replaced the Austrian officials and created a

French client republic A sister republic (french: république sœur) was a republic established by French armies or by local revolutionaries and assisted by the First French Republic during the French Revolutionary Wars. These republics, though nominally independent ...

Northern Italy Northern Italy ( it, Italia settentrionale, it, Nord Italia, label=none, it, Alta Italia, label=none or just it, Nord, label=none) is a geographical and cultural region in the northern part of Italy. It consists of eight administrative region ...

, adopting the French Republican Calendar. The Administration was granted full civil powers by a proclamation of Napoleon on Brumaire 8, year V (29 October 1796), even if its orders had to be approved by the French military commander of Lombardy. The Administration was composed of four departments: one for religious and cultural affairs, one for transportation and engineering affairs, one for financial and tax affairs, and one for mercantile and commercial affairs. After the new victories of Napoleon's army, the territory of the republic grew; with the Preliminars of Leoben of 17 April 1797, France began the occupation of the Most Serene Republic of Venice, conquering

Bergamo Bergamo (; lmo, Bèrghem ; from the proto- Germanic elements *''berg +*heim'', the "mountain home") is a city in the alpine Lombardy region of northern Italy, approximately northeast of Milan, and about from Switzerland, the alpine lakes Com ...

and moving eastwards from the

Adda River The Adda (Latin ''Abdua'', or ''Addua''; in Lombard ''Ada'' or, again, ''Adda'' in local dialects where the double consonants are marked) is a river in North Italy, a tributary of the Po. It rises in the Alps near the border with Switzerlan ...

to the

Oglio River The Oglio (; Latin ''Ollius'', or ''Olius''; Lombard ''Òi''; Cremonese ''Ùi'') is a left-side tributary of the river Po in Lombardy, Italy. It is long. In the hierarchy of the Po's tributaries, with its of length, it occupies the 2nd place ...

, the demarcation line with the Venetian territories established more than three centuries earlier. On 19 May, Napoleon transferred to Milan the territories of the former Duchy of Modena from the bordering Cispadane Republic. On 29 June, the General decided to give to the republic a final arrangement and a ''pro forma'' independence: by his own decree, he proclaimed the birth of the Cisalpine Republic.

Sources

Historical database of Lombard laws
1796 in Italy 1797 in Italy Modern history of Italy Client states of the Napoleonic Wars Italian states Former republics States and territories established in 1796 States and territories disestablished in 1797 1796 establishments in Europe 1797 disestablishments in Europe {{Lombardy-geo-stub