To Wong Foo, Thanks for Everything! Julie Newmar

''To Wong Foo, Thanks for Everything! Julie Newmar'' is a 1995 American road comedy film directed by Beeban Kidron and starring Wesley Snipes, Patrick Swayze, and John Leguizamo as three New York City drag queens who embark on a road trip. Its title refers to an iconic autographed photo of Julie Newmar that they carry with them on their journey. Newmar additionally appears in the film as herself.

The film was notable for being the first major Hollywood studio movie to center on drag queens. The film was released on September 8, 1995 and was in the number 1 spot in the North American box office for two weeks with a worldwide gross of $47.8 million. Critical response was mixed, with particular criticism towards the plot and its familiar elements, but Swayze, Snipes, and Leguizamo’s performances were lauded. Swayze and Leguizamo both earned Golden Globe Award nominations as Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor, respectively.

Plot

After tying for the win in New York City's "Drag Queen of the Year" contest, Noxeema Jackson and Vida Boheme win a trip to Hollywood to take part in the even bigger "Miss Drag Queen of America Pageant". Before they depart, Vida persuades Noxeema to take along the inexperienced "drag princess" Chi-Chi Rodriguez as their protégé (they initially refer to him simply as a "boy in a dress" rather than as a full-fledged drag queen). To do this, they cash in their plane tickets to a friend, John Jacob Jingleheimer Schmidt, and use the money to buy a yellow convertible 1967 Cadillac DeVille. They set off for Los Angeles in it, carrying with them an iconic autographed photo of Julie Newmar (signed "To Wong Foo, Thanks for Everything! Julie Newmar") that Vida took from a restaurant wall.

While on the road, they are pulled over by Sheriff Dollard, who hurls racial slurs, then forces Vida out of the car and tries to rape her. Vida strikes him and he is knocked unconscious. He is presumed dead and the queens drive off. At a rest stop, they recover from the incident but their car breaks down. Bobby Ray, a young man from the nearby small town of Snydersville, happens to pass by and gives them a ride to a bed and breakfast inn. The inn is owned by Carol Ann and her abusive car repairman husband, Virgil.

They are stranded in the town for the weekend waiting for the replacement part for their car. Chi-Chi is harassed by a group of roughnecks but is saved by Bobby Ray. While volunteering to help with the town's Strawberry Social, they decide the town's women need a day with them getting their hair done, picking out new outfits, and talking in a café. While searching for the new outfits, they are ecstatic to find vintage fashions from the 1960s in the town's clothing store and give the female residents (and themselves) a makeover.

Following their makeover, they are abused by the same roughnecks that attempted to harass Chi-Chi. Fed up, Noxeema handles the situation in a typically New York City manner and teaches their ringleader a lesson in manners. Vida, Noxeema, and Chi-Chi do what they can to be positive, and they set out to improve the lives of the townspeople, including offering assistance in organizing the Strawberry Social. Meanwhile, Sheriff Dollard is ridiculed by his colleagues, who believe he was beaten up by a girl. He goes in search of the drag queens.

Vida becomes acutely aware of Carol Ann's abuse at the hands of Virgil, and one night decides to intervene and beats Virgil up before throwing him out of the house. Carol Ann is able to repair their car, but they remain for the Strawberry Social. Carol Ann reveals to Vida that she knew she was a drag queen all along due to her Adam's apple.

Virgil runs into Sheriff Dollard at a bar, and they realize that the newcomers are the same people Dollard has been searching for. They head back to Snydersville, and Dollard demands that the townspeople turn them over. The other townspeople, who now realize that their new friends are not women, devise a ruse to protect them. One by one, they confront Dollard, each one claiming to be a drag queen (in a similar fashion to '' Spartacus''). Dollard is humiliated and flees. The Strawberry Social commences with everyone dressed in vibrant red outfits. The townspeople then say goodbye to Noxeema, Vida, and Chi-Chi as they prepare to leave. In honor of their friendship, Vida gives Carol Ann the autographed photo of Julie Newmar that has accompanied them on their trip.

They eventually make it to Los Angeles where Chi-Chi, after having received many tips from Vida and Noxeema during their ordeal, wins the title of Drag Queen of the Year. The crown is presented by Julie Newmar herself.

Cast

Cameo appearances

Production

Development

Writer Douglas Carter Beane originally envisioned the script as a stage play, but changed his mind when he realized putting a car on stage might not work. Beane was inspired by an anti-gay propaganda film called ''The Gay Agenda''. Of that film, Beane said, "There's a scene where they show drag queens going through a town, and the narrator is warning the viewers that these people will take over your town, and I thought, ''Well, that would be fun''."

The script found its way to Mitch Kohn, then a development executive at Amblin Entertainment. Kohn passed the script along to his boss Steven Spielberg, who “loved it." Spielberg had his friend Robin Williams do a humorous cold reading of the script while on a plane, which “mesmerized” the director. Williams expressed interest in a possible role but did not want to distract from the three leads, so he opted for a small cameo appearance.

When the script officially went into development at Amblin, multiple unnamed male directors passed on directing. British director Beeban Kidron happily accepted the job. Though advertising companies wanted to change the film’s title to the shorter “Ladies’ Night” or “She’s a Lady", Beane's script managed to keep the original title, which came from an autographed picture of Julie Newmar that Beane saw on the wall of a Times Square Chinese restaurant in the mid-1980s. Beane said Wong Foo is meant to be a metaphor for God, “because you have to thank God for everything. You have to be grateful for life. You just have to stop where you are and say thank you for everything.” A scene was filmed where the characters provide more context, but it was deleted.

Casting

When it came to casting the leading men, Wesley Snipes and John Leguizamo (whom the role of Chi-Chi Rodriguez was specifically written for) both immediately said yes. Many actors were considered for the role of Vida Boheme, including Robert Downey Jr., William Baldwin, Gary Oldman, Matthew Broderick, James Spader, John Cusack, Mel Gibson, Robert Sean Leonard, Willem Dafoe, John Turturro, Matt Dillon, Rob Lowe, Johnny Depp, Tom Cruise, and Robin Williams (who has a brief cameo in the finished film). Patrick Swayze was one of the last actors to audition for Vida. Director Beeban Kidron said that it was ultimately Swayze's walk that sealed the deal, saying "Swayze had his own makeup people transform him into a woman, and he insisted that he and Beeban take a walk around the city to prove he could pass as a woman," and "With his beauty and dancer's grace, he did just that. He had the job."

The film featured dozens of New York City's drag performers and underground stars in small roles or as featured extras. Included in the mix were RuPaul, Joey Arias, Lady Bunny, Miss Understood, Candis Cayne, Flotilla DeBarge, Miss Coco Peru, Lady Catiria, and Quentin Crisp. The three lead actors spent time in the local drag scene while researching their roles, and were each given a drag mentor to work with in developing their characters. Costume designer Marlene Stewart had the leads' wardrobes, including the shoes and corsets, custom-made.

Filming

Filming took place from July to October 1994. The drag contest seen in the beginning scene was filmed at Webster Hall in New York City. The John Shaffer Phipps Estate in Old Westbury, New York, now known as Old Westbury Gardens, was the site of the Miss Drag Queen USA contest at the end of the film. Film locations in New Jersey included Jersey City (site of the Canton Restaurant in which the opening restaurant scenes were shot) and Montclair ( substitute location for scenes set in Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania). Much of the film was shot on location in Nebraska in the areas of Loma, Lincoln, and Omaha. Though greatly faded, a "Welcome to Snydersville" outdoor mural remains in Loma.

In interviews and recollections with actors and crew after the film, the production of ''To Wong Foo'' has been described as "a tough shoot," partly due to the discomfort the male leads experienced with their extensive makeup and costumes. On location filming and a 4½-month-long shoot also contributed to friction among cast and crew.

A scene involving the drag trio dining at a McDonald's was scrapped after the company told producers they did not want to be associated with drag queen culture. Coca-Cola agreed to product placement, and a billboard for the soda company is featured in a prominent scene in the film.

The Australian film '' The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert'' was released in 1994 and became an international and critical hit. ''To Wong Foo'' shares certain plot details with ''Priscilla'', which also concerns two drag queens and a transgender woman on a road trip who manage to win over the locals of a small town. Despite the similarities, ''To Wong Foo'' had already been in production by the time ''Priscilla'' was released. The crew of ''Priscilla'' had heard about the film while shooting their own, and though a producer was initially worried the films might be too similar, after reading ''To Wong Foos script, producers decided it was sufficiently different from ''Priscilla.'' The success of ''Priscilla'', along with the popularity of drag queens like RuPaul and the 1990 documentary ''Paris Is Burning'', is credited with helping pave the way for ''To Wong Foo''.

Music

Soundtrack

The film's soundtrack was released on August 29, 1995. It consists of eleven tracks:

Music and songs not included in the soundtrack:

* "Gotta Move" – Barbra Streisand
* "Theme From ''Wonder Woman''" – New World Symphony
* "Je Cherche un Homme" Want a Man– Eartha Kitt
* " Behind Closed Doors" – Charlie Rich
* "Stand by Your Man" – David Allan Coe
* "This is a Man's World" – Sara Hickman
* " Hold Me, Thrill Me, Kiss Me" – Johnny Mathis
* " (Hey Won't You Play) Another Somebody Done Somebody Wrong Song" – B.J. Thomas
* "1812 Overture" – Tchaikovsky
* "Zampa Overture" – Ferdinand Herold
* "China Girl" – Robert J. Walsh
* "That Lady You're with Ain't No Lady" – Larry Applewhite/Gene Wisniewski

Release

Theatrical

The film was released wide on September 8, 1995.

Professional golfer Chi Chi Rodriguez sued the production company and distributor over the use of his name in the film, eventually settling with undisclosed terms.

Home media

The film was released on VHS after its theatrical release and on DVD on January 7, 2003, with several deleted scenes. It was released on Blu-ray by Shout! Factory on May 28, 2019.

Reception

Box office

With a lifetime box-office gross revenue of worldwide, the film was number one at the box office in the United States for its first two weeks in the theater.

Critical response

On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 43% based on 42 reviews. The site's consensus states: "''To Wong Foo, Thanks for Everything! Julie Newmar'' seeks to celebrate individuality, but is too timid and predictable to achieve its admittedly noble aims." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 60% based on reviews from 24 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film a grade "B+" on scale of A to F.

Though critical reviews were mixed, the performances of the three leads were roundly praised. Joe Brown of ''The Washington Post'' called the film "fiercely funny" and wrote, "Three snaps up for Patrick Swayze, Wesley Snipes and John Leguizamo, who walk the walk, and work it." Emanuel Levy of ''Variety'' gave a mixed review, but wrote, "Sporting blond wigs, Snipes admirably wiggles his hips while wearing high-heeled red shoes. Using a low register, Swayze also excels as a man still suffering from parental rejection. Shining throughout is the brilliant Leguizamo, as the Latino spitfire who needs to prove to his comrades that he’s more than 'a mere boy in a dress.'"

Roger Ebert of the ''Chicago Sun-Times'' wrote "What is amazing is how the movie manages to be funny and amusing while tippy-toeing around (a) sex, (b) controversy and (c) any originality in the plot. Credit for that belongs to Swayze, Snipes and Leguizamo, who are surprisingly good at playing drag queens." While Ebert gave the film two and ½ stars out of four, his colleague Gene Siskel gave a more positive review and predicted an Oscar nomination for Swayze.

Multiple critics pointed out the film’s similarities to '' The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert'', and said ''To Wong Foo'' was subpar in comparison due to the predictability of its plot, script and tonal unevenness. The decision to have the leads spend most of the film in drag, even going to bed in their wigs and makeup, was also criticized as straining credulity. Kenneth Turan of the ''Los Angeles Times'' wrote screenwriter Beane and director Kidron "don’t seem to know any way to emphasize the humanity of their characters except by swaddling them in mushy cliches." Actor and writer Michael Kearns argued the film and its promotion is "eager to wink and snicker at homosexuality." The film's omission of "any hint of gay sexuality" was noted by Janet Maslin of ''The New York Times'', as well as Brown of the ''Post'', who decried the fact that "always in the (admittedly few) mainstream movies with gay characters, he film'shero-ines" do not get to partake in the film's romantic story arcs, and appear to only function as asexual fairy godmothers for the townspeople of Snydersville.

In a positive review, Edward Guthmann of the ''San Francisco Chronicle'' wrote, "It's a distant cry from the reality of gay bashings, poverty and evictions that real-life drag queens suffer -- which may be part of its point. Imagine, Wong Foo''' suggests, a world where people stopped judging one another and simply surrendered to the silliness that's dormant inside us.”

''The Austin Chronicle'''s Alison Macor shared a similar sentiment, writing "For some, the film's unabashed sentimentality and fairy-tale quality may go too far, but ''To Wong Foo'' is such a delight that it's easy to overlook the few awkward moments. Calling ''To Wong Foo'' campy doesn't do the film justice: The film camps it up but still allows us to believe in the characters. Snipes and Swayze are so successful in exploring their feminine sides that all of their future roles should be played in drag.”

Emanuel Levy concluded though the film "is not as outrageous or funny as 'Priscilla''..it still offers some rewards as mainstream entertainment," and that “ultimately, the comedy comes across as a celebration of openness, alternative lifestyles and bonding, all life-affirming values that in the 1990s are beyond reproach — or real controversy.”

Accolades

Swayze and Leguizamo were nominated at the 1996 Golden Globe Awards, for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy and Best Supporting Actor, respectively.

Legacy

''To Wong Foo'' is considered groundbreaking for being the first real mainstream Hollywood production to depict drag queens. Rita Kempley of ''The Washington Post'' wrote that in comparison to previous films that featured cross-dressing like ''Some Like It Hot'' or ''Tootsie'', "The heroines n ''To Wong Foo''aren't cross-dressing to escape the mob or to prove a point, they're just being true to their nature."

In a 2019 retrospective piece about the film, writer Naveen Kumar noted "the film’s language and understanding of gender variance is undoubtedly limited as a product of its time" and that the film " lendediterations of queer experience that tend to have clearer distinctions in the real world, and for which we have more nuanced language today." Among the film's language and concepts that are now considered problematic is the terminology used by the characters to describe the differences in queer identities.

Of the leads being in drag for the duration of the film, some critics said this was an intentional part of the film's camp element. Kumar added, "That ''To Wong Foo''’s drag performances remain completely unbroken throughout the film’s entirety heightens the movie’s extreme emphasis on beauty and artifice" and that the film is very "conscious of its ironies sSwayze and Snipes were both box-office draws known for hypermasculine and romantic leading roles; the perceived incongruity of dressing them in drag is part of what fuels the comedy." In this way, Kumar wrote, "''To Wong Foo'' plays on viewers’ suspension of disbelief (Swayze and Snipes, in particular, are clearly recognizable under their women’s garb)" and that the "movie’s own characterizations tend to blur the lines between drag as a conscious performance and their desire to actually be seen, day and night, as women."

Of the characters staying in drag, Douglas Carter Beane said his intent was to create an illusion, saying, "It is about fantasy and the illusion. It's about the work that goes into the art form. It was never meant to be an absolutely truthful documentary look at drag.” The fantasy element can also be seen as " erpetuatingan idea that transgender identity is nothing but make-believe." Drag queen Alaska Thunderfuck said that what the film does best is "the camaraderie between the girls... the way they look out for each other and protect one another. The movie also illustrates the transformative power of drag. It helps people become empowered, no matter where they come from or what kind of life they lead.”

Other media

Musical

In 2017, it was announced that Douglas Carter Beane and his husband Lewis Flinn were working on a musical adaptation for Broadway. In an interview, Beane stated that he had originally written ''To Wong Foo'' for the stage, and had retained stage rights when the screenplay was produced.

See also

* Cross-dressing in film and television

References

Bibliography

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External links

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{{DEFAULTSORT:To Wong Foo, Thanks For Everything! Julie Newmar
1995 films
1995 comedy films
1995 LGBT-related films
1990s buddy comedy films
1990s comedy road movies
Amblin Entertainment films
American buddy comedy films
American comedy road movies
American LGBT-related films
American satirical films
Films about anti-LGBT sentiment
Cross-dressing in American films
Drag (clothing)-related films
1990s English-language films
Films directed by Beeban Kidron
Films scored by Rachel Portman
Films set in the United States
Films shot in Nebraska
Films shot in New Jersey
Films shot in New York City
LGBT-related buddy comedy films
Universal Pictures films
1990s female buddy films
1990s American films