Tit-Bits

''Tit-Bits from all the interesting Books and Newspapers of the World'', more commonly known as ''Tit-Bits'', was a British weekly magazine founded by George Newnes, a founding figure in popular journalism, on 22 October 1881.

History

In 1886, the magazine's headquarters moved from Manchester to London where it paved the way for popular journalism – most significantly, the ''Daily Mail'' was founded by Alfred Harmsworth, a contributor to ''Tit-Bits'', and the ''Daily Express'' was launched by Arthur Pearson, who worked at ''Tit-Bits'' for five years after winning a competition to get a job on the magazine. (republished 2008) Their first offices were at 12 Burleigh Street, off the Strand.

From the outset, the magazine was a mass-circulation commercial publication on cheap newsprint which soon reached sales of between 400,000 and 600,000. By the turn of the century, it became the first periodical in Britain to sell over one million copies per issue. Like a mini-encyclopedia it presented a diverse range of tit-bits of information in an easy-to-read format, with the emphasis on human interest stories concentrating on drama and sensation. It also featured short stories and full-length fiction, including works by authors such as Rider Haggard and Isaac Asimov, plus three very early stories by Christopher Priest.

Virginia Woolf submitted her first article to the paper in 1890, at the age of eight, but it was turned down. The
first humorous article by P. G. Wodehouse, "Men Who Missed Their Own Weddings", appeared in ''Tit-Bits'' in November 1900. During the First World War Ivor Novello won a ''Titbits'' competition to write a song soldiers could sing at the front: he penned '' Keep the Home Fires Burning''.

Pin-ups appeared on the magazine's covers from 1939, and by 1955, circulation peaked at 1,150,000. At the beginning of 1973, ''Tit-Bits'' lost the hyphen from its masthead. In 1979 ''Reveille'' (a weekly tabloid with a virtually identical demographic) was merged into ''Titbits'', and the magazine was briefly rebranded as ''Titbits incorporating Reveille''. This, however, was dropped in July 1981. Following a wage dispute at owner IPC Magazines, publication ceased on 9 June 1984 and its closure was announced at the end of June. At the time, ''Titbits'' was selling only 200,000 copies per issue. A final issue was published on 18 July 1984 under its last editor Paul Hopkins. It was taken over by Associated Newspapers' ''Weekend''. At the time, the ''Financial Times'' described ''Titbits'' as "the 103-year-old progenitor of Britain's popular press". ''Weekend'' itself closed in 1989.

Imitators

The success of ''Tit-Bits'' inspired a number of other inexpensive weeklies aping its format, some short-lived and others, such as ''Answers'' becoming major successes in their own right. Within the first six months of its existence, ''Tit-Bits'' had inspired twelve imitators, growing to 26 within a year of its debut. Examples of papers said to be imitators include:
* ''The Ha'porth''
* ''Illustrated Bits''
* ''Rare-Bits''
* ''Scraps''
* ''Sketchy Bits'', published in London by Charles Shurey
* ''Spare Time''
* ''Tid-Bits'', published in the United States

Cultural influence

In ''All Things Considered'' by G. K. Chesterton, the author contrasts ''Tit-Bits'' with the ''Times'', saying: "Let any honest reader... ask himself whether he would really rather be asked in the next two hours to write the front page of ''The Times'', which is full of long leading articles, or the front page of ''Tit-Bits'', which is full of short jokes." Reference to the magazine is also made in James Joyce's '' Ulysses'', George Orwell's ''Animal Farm'', C. P. Snow's '' The Affair'',pg 210 in Volume 2 of the three-volume edition of ''Strangers and Brothers'' James Hilton's ''Lost Horizon'', Virginia Woolf's '' Moments of Being'', H. G. Wells' ''The First Men in the Moon'' and '' Kipps'', A. J. Cronin's ''The Stars Look Down'' and P. G. Wodehouse's '' Not George Washington''. It has been also mentioned in Stanley Houghton's play '' The Dear Departed''. Wells also mentioned it in his book ''Experiment in Autobiography''. The magazine is parodied as "Chit Chat" in George Gissing's ''New Grub Street''. In the closing scene of the film ''Kind Hearts and Coronets'' (1949), the protagonist Louis Mazzini (Dennis Price) is approached by a journalist (Arthur Lowe) from ''Tit-Bits''.

The magazine name survived as a glossy adult monthly, ''Titbits International''.

References

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1881 establishments in the United Kingdom
1984 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Defunct literary magazines published in the United Kingdom
Fiction magazines
Magazines established in 1881
Magazines disestablished in 1984
Magazines published in London
Magazines published in Manchester
Weekly magazines published in the United Kingdom