Ting Kau Bridge is a long

cable-stayed bridge A cable-stayed bridge has one or more ''towers'' (or ''pylons''), from which cables support the bridge deck. A distinctive feature are the cables or stays, which run directly from the tower to the deck, normally forming a fan-like pattern ...

in Hong Kong that spans from the northwest of

Tsing Yi Island Tsing Yi, sometimes referred to as Tsing Yi Island, is an island in the urban area of Hong Kong, to the northwest of Hong Kong Island and south of Tsuen Wan. With an area of , the island has extended drastically by reclamation along almost all ...

and

Tuen Mun Road Tuen Mun Road is a major expressway in Hong Kong which connects Tuen Mun with Tsuen Wan, within the New Territories. It is part of Hong Kong's Route 9, which circumnavigates the New Territories. Opened in 1978, it was once the major trunk rou ...

. It is near the

Tsing Ma Bridge Tsing Ma Bridge is a bridge in Hong Kong. It is the world's 16th-longest span suspension bridge, and was the second longest at time of completion. The bridge was named after the two islands it connects, namely Tsing Yi and Ma Wan. It has tw ...

which also serves as a major connector between the Hong Kong International Airport on

Lantau Island Lantau Island (also Lantao Island, Lan Tao) is the largest island in Hong Kong, located West of Hong Kong Island and the Kowloon Peninsula, and is part of the New Territories. Administratively, most of Lantau Island is part of the Islands ...

and the rest of Hong Kong. It was completed on 5 May 1998. The bridge is toll-free. The bridge is part of Route 3, connecting Northwest

New Territories The New Territories is one of the three main regions of Hong Kong, alongside Hong Kong Island and the Kowloon Peninsula. It makes up 86.2% of Hong Kong's territory, and contains around half of the population of Hong Kong. Historically, it ...

with Hong Kong Island. Other major structures on the road include the

Tai Lam Tunnel Tai Lam Tunnel ( Chinese: 大欖隧道), running along Tsing Long Highway, is part of Route 3 Country Park Section (R3CPS) and is a transport link between the western New Territories in Ting Kau and Yuen Long. Tai Lam Tunnel was constructed t ...

, the Cheung Tsing Tunnel, the

Cheung Tsing Bridge Cheung Tsing Bridge, formerly Rambler Channel Bridge, is a bridge crossing Rambler Channel in Hong Kong, connecting Cheung Tsing Tunnel on Tsing Yi Island and Kwai Chung section of Tsing Kwai Highway. It is part of Tsing Kwai Highway of ...

and the Western Harbour Crossing. The Ting Kau Bridge carries the heaviest traffic volume of the bridges on the

Lantau Link The Lantau Link, formerly known as the Lantau Fixed Crossing, is a roadway in Hong Kong forming part of Route 8 linking Lantau Island to Tsing Yi, from which other roads lead to the urban areas of Kowloon and the rest of the New Territories ...

, with many container trucks travelling between mainland China and the HK container port. A chromatic study and specially designed architectural lighting are intended to set the bridge off in its surroundings.

Design

Ting Kau Contractors Joint Venture designed and built Ting Kau Bridge between 1995 and 1998. The joint venture consisted of lead partners Cubiertas Y Mzov (22%) and Entrecanales Y Tavora (22%), both of Spain (now both part of Acciona, S.A); Germany's Ed. Züblin (22%); Australia's Downer and Co (22%); and Hong Kong's

Paul Y Paul may refer to: *Paul (given name), a given name (includes a list of people with that name) * Paul (surname), a list of people People Christianity *Paul the Apostle (AD c.5–c.64/65), also known as Saul of Tarsus or Saint Paul, early Chri ...

(12%). Constructing engineers were Schlaich Bergermann & Partner.Schlaich Bergermann & Partner website
/ref> The design and construction cost of the bridge was HK$1.94 billion. It is one of the longest cable-stayed bridges in the world. Along with the Tsing Ma and

Kap Shui Mun Kap Shui Mun () or Throat Gates (historically spelled Capsuimoon) is the channel between Lantau Island and Ma Wan in Hong Kong. It is part of major sea route along the coast of South China, from Victoria Harbour to the Pearl River. It joins nor ...

bridges, it is closely monitored by the Wind and Structural Health Monitoring System (WASHMS). Ting Kau Bridge is the world's first major 4-span cable-stayed bridge. This meant that the central tower had to be stabilised longitudinally, which was accomplished using the longest cable stays ever used in a bridge (). The design of this bridge contains special features such as single leg towers, which are stabilised by transverse cables like the masts of a

sailboat A sailboat or sailing boat is a boat propelled partly or entirely by sails and is smaller than a sailing ship. Distinctions in what constitutes a sailing boat and ship vary by region and maritime culture. Types Although sailboat terminolo ...

. The Ting Kau Bridge and approach viaducts link the western New Territories and the mainland to the Lantau Fixed Crossing expressway, which connects the airport to Kowloon and

Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China on the eastern Pearl River Delta i ...

. It meets the Lantau Fixed Crossing on Tsing Yi Island, from the Tsing Ma Bridge. The Ting Kau Bridge and Approach Viaduct are long while the triple tower bridge has an overall length of . The three towers were specially designed to withstand extreme

wind Wind is the natural movement of air or other gases relative to a planet's surface. Winds occur on a range of scales, from thunderstorm flows lasting tens of minutes, to local breezes generated by heating of land surfaces and lasting a few ho ...

and typhoon conditions, and have heights of , , and , located on the Ting Kau headland, on a reclaimed island in Rambler Channel (which is wide), and on the north-west Tsing Yi shoreline, respectively. The arrangement of separate decks on both sides of the 3 towers contributes to the slender appearance of the bridge while helping it act favourably under heavy wind and typhoon loads. Each deck carries 3 traffic lanes and a hard shoulder.

Measurements

*Total length: *Length of main spans: and *Main tower height: *Ting Kau tower height: *Tsing Yi tower height: *Deck surface area: *Deck cable steel weight: 2,800 tonnes *Structural steel deck weight: 8,900 tonnes *Weight of concrete panels 29,000 tonnes *Distance of wind give: *Reinforcement deck: *Reinforcement towers: *Span lengths: *Number of stay cables: 384 *Movements **Vertical at mid-span: **Lateral at mid-span: **Longitudinal at End Pier or Tsing Yi Abutment:

Design

Measurements

References

See also