The following is a
timeline
A timeline is a display of a list of events in chronological order. It is typically a graphic design showing a long bar labelled with dates paralleling it, and usually contemporaneous events.
Timelines can use any suitable scale represen ...
of the
history
History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term comprising past events as well ...
of the
municipality
A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate.
The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...
of
Bern,
Switzerland.
Prior to 19th century
* 2nd-3rd century CE - Roman settlement abandoned.
* 1191 - Bern set up as military outpost by
Berthold V, Duke of Zähringen.
* 1218 - Bern becomes a
free imperial city
In the Holy Roman Empire, the collective term free and imperial cities (german: Freie und Reichsstädte), briefly worded free imperial city (', la, urbs imperialis libera), was used from the fifteenth century to denote a self-ruling city that ...
of the Holy Roman Empire.
* 1219 -
Zytglogge
The Zytglogge (Bernese German: ; ) is a landmark medieval tower in Bern, Switzerland. Built in the early 13th century, it has served the city as guard tower, prison, clock tower, centre of urban life and civic memorial.
Despite the many re ...
(tower) built.
* 1223 - Theto von Ravensburg becomes .
* 1256 -
Käfigturm (tower) built.
*1259 - First mention of Jews in Bern.
* 1268 -
Nydegg
The Nydegg is a historic section in the Old City of Bern in Bern, Switzerland.
The first expansion of Bern occurred as the city was founded in 1191. At the east end of the central and oldest neighbourhood, the ''Zähringerstadt'' ( Zähringe ...
Castle demolished (approximate date).
* 1270 -
Felsenburg (castle) built (approximate date).
* 1285 - (church) built.
* 1289 - April:
Battle of Schosshalde takes place; Bern successfully resisted
Rudolph of Hapsburg.
* 1298
** Bern allies with Biel, Murten, and Solothurn.
** Bern expands to include
Bolligen,
Muri,
Stettlen, and
Vechigen
Vechigen is a municipality in the Bern-Mittelland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. Until the administrative centralization of 1966 it was made up of four semi-autonomous communities; Vechigen, Sinneringen with Boll ...
.
* 1331-1333 -
Gümmenenkrieg (
Fribourg
, neighboring_municipalities= Düdingen, Givisiez, Granges-Paccot, Marly, Pierrafortscha, Sankt Ursen, Tafers, Villars-sur-Glâne
, twintowns = Rueil-Malmaison (France)
, website = www.ville-fribourg.ch
, Location of , Location of ()
() ...
-Bern war).
* 1339 -
Battle of Laupen
The Battle of Laupen was fought in June 1339, between Bern and its allies on one side, and Freiburg together with feudal landholders from the County of Burgundy and Habsburg territories on the other. Bern was victorious, consolidating its positio ...
.
* 1345 - (tower) built.
* 1346
**
Black Death plague.
**
Äussere Neustadt area developed.
**
Christoffelturm (tower) and
Nydeggkirche (church) built.
*1348-49 - Pogroms and persecution of the Jews in Bern following the Black Death.
* 1353 - Canton of Bern joins the
Swiss Confederacy
The Old Swiss Confederacy or Swiss Confederacy ( Modern German: ; historically , after the Reformation also , "Confederation of the Swiss") was a loose confederation of independent small states (, German or In the charters of the 14th century ...
.
[
* 1380 - Public clock installed (approximate date).]Burgdorferkrieg
The Burgdorferkrieg (german: Burgdorf war) or Kyburgerkrieg (german: Kyburg war) was a war in 1383-84 between the counts of Neu-Kyburg and the city of Bern for supremacy in the County of Burgundy in what is now Switzerland.
History
The counts of ...
(Kyberg-Bern war) takes place in the County of Burgundy
The Free County of Burgundy or Franche-Comté (french: Franche Comté de Bourgogne; german: Freigrafschaft Burgund) was a medieval county (from 982 to 1678) of the Holy Roman Empire, predecessor to the modern region of Franche-Comté. The name ' ...
.
* 1406 - Construction begins of current Town hall of Bern
The Bern Town Hall (german: Rathaus Bern) is the building in Bern, Switzerland that houses the Grand Council of Bern (german: Grosser Rat, french: Grand conseil), the Executive Council of Bern (german: Regierungsrat, french: Conseil-éxecutif) a ...
.[
* 1417 - Bern Town Hall (town hall) built.]Konrad Justinger Conrad Justinger was a 14th-century chronicler who was probably born in Strasbourg.Bergier, p. 59.
Justinger, who had learned the trade of a chronicler in his home town, appears to have moved to the city of Bern in the last quarter of the 14t ...
writes '' Chronik der Stadt Bern'', a history of the city.
* 1470 - '' Tschachtlanchronik'' (Bern history) compiled.
* 1489 - Untertorbrücke
The Untertorbrücke (german: Lower Gate Bridge) is a stone arch bridge that spans the Aare at the easternmost point of the ''Enge'' peninsula in the city of Bern, Switzerland, connecting the ''Mattequartier'' in the Old City to the '' Schosshal ...
(bridge) built.
* 1494 - (church) rebuilt.
* 1513 - Town begins to keep bears in the Bärenplatz.Printing press
A printing press is a mechanical device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a print medium (such as paper or cloth), thereby transferring the ink. It marked a dramatic improvement on earlier printing methods in which the ...
in operation.Zytglogge
The Zytglogge (Bernese German: ; ) is a landmark medieval tower in Bern, Switzerland. Built in the early 13th century, it has served the city as guard tower, prison, clock tower, centre of urban life and civic memorial.
Despite the many re ...
.Gerechtigkeitsbrunnen (Bern)
The Gerechtigkeitsbrunnen (Fountain of Justice) is a 16th-century fountain in the '' Gerechtigkeitsgasse'' in the Old City of Bern, Switzerland. It is the only Bernese fountain to retain all original design elements, and is listed as a cultural ...
(fountain) erected on Gerechtigkeitsgasse
The Gerechtigkeitsgasse ("Justice Alley") is one of the principal streets in the Old City of Bern, the medieval city center of Bern, Switzerland. Together with its extension, the ''Kramgasse'', it is the heart of the inner city.Hofer, 74 Han ...
.
* 1544 - Simsonbrunnen
The Simsonbrunnen or Samson fountain is a fountain on the Kramgasse in the Old City of Bern, Switzerland. It is a Swiss Cultural Property of National Significance and is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Old City of Bern.
Histor ...
(fountain) erected.
* 1546 - Fountains Anna-Seiler-Brunnen (on Marktgasse) and Pfeiferbrunnen
The Pfeiferbrunnen is a fountain near Spitalgasse 21 in Bern, Switzerland. It is one of the Old City of Bern's 16th-century fountains and is part of the list of Swiss heritage sites of national significance.
The Pfeiferbrunnen was built in 1 ...
(on Spitalgasse
The Spitalgasse is one of the streets in the Old City of Bern, the medieval city center of Bern, Switzerland. It is part of the Äussere Neustadt which was built during the third expansion from 1344 to 1346. The eastern end is at Waisenhausp ...
) erected.
* 1573 - Munster construction ends.Church of the Holy Ghost, Bern
The Church of the Holy Ghost (german: Heiliggeistkirche) is a Swiss Reformed Church in Bern, Switzerland. The Swiss heritage site of national significance building is located at Spitalgasse 44 in the Old City of Bern. It is one of largest S ...
rebuilt.Erlacherhof
The Erlacherhof is a town mansion on the Junkerngasse No. 47 in the Old City of Bern, Switzerland, only a few steps away from the Béatrice-von-Wattenwyl-Haus.
The Erlacherhof is the most representative patrician town mansion in Bern. It is th ...
(mansion) built.
19th century
* 1803 - City library active.Eidgenössisches Schützenfest
''Eidgenössische Schützenfeste'' (singular ''Eidgenössisches Schützenfest'', french: Fête Fédérale de Tir, it, Festa tiro federale ) are the Swiss federal shooting competitions organized by the '' Schweizerischer Schützenverein'' since 182 ...
held in Bern.
* 1832
** Karl Zeerleder becomes mayor.
** Canton becomes administratively independent of city.University of Bern
The University of Bern (german: Universität Bern, french: Université de Berne, la, Universitas Bernensis) is a university in the Swiss capital of Bern and was founded in 1834. It is regulated and financed by the Canton of Bern. It is a compreh ...
established.[
* 1850
** '']Der Bund
''Der Bund'' (English: ''The Union'') is a Swiss German-language daily newspaper published in Bern.
Established in 1850 and associated with the cause of liberalism, it was among the leading quality newspapers in Switzerland for much of the 19t ...
'' newspaper begins publication.
** Population: 29,670 in city; 407,765 in canton.Federal Palace of Switzerland
The Federal Palace is a building in Bern housing the Swiss Federal Assembly (legislature) and the Federal Council (executive). It is the seat of the government of Switzerland and parliament of the country. The building is a listed symmetric ...
Bern railway station
Bern railway station (german: Bahnhof Bern) serves the municipality of Bern, the federal city of Switzerland. Opened progressively between 1858 and 1860, and rebuilt several times since then, it lies on the Olten–Bern and the Lausanne–Bern l ...
opens.
** founded.
* 1864 - Catholic Church of St. Peter and Paul, Bern built.Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland
The Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland is an Old Catholic denomination in Switzerland. This denomination is part of the Union of Utrecht (Old Catholic).
Recent developments
In 1871 the Zürich Catholic community planned to build a chu ...
headquartered in Bern.Bern Symphony Orchestra The Bern Symphony Orchestra (Berner Symphonie-Orchester) is a Swiss orchestra based in Bern. The orchestra primarily gives concerts at the ''Kursaal'' in Bern, and also acts as the orchestra of the Bern Theatre, for opera and dance performances. ...
established.Conche
upright=1.35, Conche (in the Imhoff-Schokoladenmuseum)
Conching is a process used in the manufacture of chocolate whereby a surface scraping mixer and agitator, known as a conche, evenly distributes cocoa butter within chocolate and may act as ...
machine invented by chocolate maker Rodolphe Lindt
Rudolf Lindt (16 July 1855 – 20 February 1909), often known by his francized name Rodolphe Lindt, was a Swiss chocolate maker, chocolatier and inventor. He founded the Lindt brand of Swiss chocolate and invented the conching machine and other p ...
.
* 1880
** oppidum
An ''oppidum'' (plural ''oppida'') is a large fortified Iron Age settlement or town. ''Oppida'' are primarily associated with the Celtic late La Tène culture, emerging during the 2nd and 1st centuries BC, spread across Europe, stretchi ...
ruins discovered near city.
** Population: 44,087 in city; 471,991 in canton.Bern Historical Museum
french: Musée d’Histoire de Berne
, image = Historic museum Bern1.jpg
, image_upright =
, alt =
, caption = The Museum entrance on Helvetiaplatz
, map_type = Switzerland Bern dow ...
built.
* 1900
** (public transit operator) an
established.
** Population: 64,227.[
]
20th century
* 1902 - Federal Palace of Switzerland
The Federal Palace is a building in Bern housing the Swiss Federal Assembly (legislature) and the Federal Council (executive). It is the seat of the government of Switzerland and parliament of the country. The building is a listed symmetric ...
building expanded.Einsteinhaus
The Einsteinhaus (Einstein House) is a museum and a former residence of Albert Einstein. It is located on Kramgasse No. 49 in Bern, Switzerland. A flat on the second floor of the house was occupied by Einstein, his wife Mileva Marić, and their s ...
on Kramgasse
The Kramgasse ("Grocers Alley") is one of the principal streets in the Old City of Bern, the medieval city centre of Bern, Switzerland. It was the center of urban life in Bern until the 19th century.de Capitani, 8. Today, it is a popular shop ...
.
* 1905
** St. Paul's Church, Bern built.
** Akademischer Alpenclub Bern (hiking club) formed.
* 1906
** " International Convention respecting the Prohibition of the Use of White (Yellow) Phosphorus in the Manufacture of Matches" signed in Bern.
** Anglican St Ursula's Church, Berne
St Ursula's Church, Bern is an Anglican Episcopal church in Bern, Switzerland.
The church is one of the ten Anglican chaplaincies in Switzerland that have a resident chaplain ( minister) and together form the Archdeaconry of Switzerland. St Ursu ...
built.
* 1910
** Eidgenössisches Schützenfest
''Eidgenössische Schützenfeste'' (singular ''Eidgenössisches Schützenfest'', french: Fête Fédérale de Tir, it, Festa tiro federale ) are the Swiss federal shooting competitions organized by the '' Schweizerischer Schützenverein'' since 182 ...
and Swiss Aviation Exhibition held.
* 1919
** Bümpliz becomes part of city.Second International
The Second International (1889–1916) was an organisation of socialist and labour parties, formed on 14 July 1889 at two simultaneous Paris meetings in which delegations from twenty countries participated. The Second International continued th ...
conference held in Bern.Schweizeische Ausstellung für Frauenarbeit The Schweizerische Ausstellung für Frauenarbeit (SAFFA, English: Swiss Exhibition for Women's Work) was an exhibition that took place in Bern in 1928 and in Zürich in 1958. SAFFA was organized by the Bund Schweizerischer Frauenvereine (BFS, the Fe ...
(women's rights event) held in Bern.
* 1929
** Bern Aerodrome begins operating.Trolleybus
A trolleybus (also known as trolley bus, trolley coach, trackless trolley, trackless tramin the 1910s and 1920sJoyce, J.; King, J. S.; and Newman, A. G. (1986). ''British Trolleybus Systems'', pp. 9, 12. London: Ian Allan Publishing. .or trol ...
begins operating.
*1941- 1943 – The Bern group ( Lados group) operates secretly to rescue Jews from the Holocaust
The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe; ...
.
* 1947 - Städtische Verkehrsbetriebe Bern (public transit operator) established.
* 1949
** founded.Albert Einstein Society
The Albert Einstein Society was founded by Dr. Max Flückiger on 28 June 1977. Based in Bern, Switzerland, the society awards the Einstein MedalCanton of Jura
The Republic and Canton of Jura (french: République et canton du Jura), less formally the Canton of Jura or Canton Jura ( , ), is the newest (founded in 1979) of the 26 Swiss cantons, located in the northwestern part of Switzerland. The capital ...
secedes from mostly German-speaking Canton of Bern.Berner Zeitung
''Berner Zeitung'' (literally: "Journal of Bern"), also branded as ''BZ'', is a Swiss German-language daily newspaper, published by Tamedia in Bern.
History and profile
''Berner Zeitung'' was first issued on 3 January 1979. Four different pape ...
'' (newspaper) begins publication.
* 1982 - 6 September: Polish embassy occupied.
* 1983 - Old City of Bern
The Old City (german: Altstadt) is the medieval city center of Bern, Switzerland. Built on a narrow hill bordered on three sides by the river Aare, its compact layout has remained essentially unchanged since its construction during the twelfth ...
designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site
A World Heritage Site is a landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). World Heritage Sites are designated by UNESCO for h ...
.Bern S-Bahn
The Bern S-Bahn (german: S-Bahn Bern; french: RER Berne) is an S-Bahn commuter rail network focused on Bern, the capital city of Switzerland. The network is roughly coterminous with Bern's urban agglomeration.
With approximately 9 million trai ...
railway in operation.
* 2000 - Population: 128,634 in city; 957,197 in canton.
21st century
* 2002 - House of Religions founded.UEFA Euro 2008 Group C
Group C of UEFA Euro 2008 was played from 9 to 17 June 2008. All six group matches were played at venues in Switzerland, in Zürich and Berne. The group was composed of 2006 FIFA World Cup finalists Italy and France, as well as the Netherlands an ...
football contest takes place in Bern.
* 2009 - Bärengraben opens.
See also
* History of Bern
The city of Bern is one of the Zähringer foundations of the late 12th century (traditional date 1191). By the end of the 13th century, it had acquired ''de facto'' imperial immediacy.
It became a full member of the Old Swiss Confederacy in 13 ...
* List of mayors of Bern
This is a list of mayors of the city of Bern, Switzerland. The executive of Bern is the municipal council (''Gemeinderat''). It is chaired by the mayor (''Stadtpräsident von Bern''). From 1832 to 1871, the term ''Gemeindepräsident'' was used. ...
* List of cultural property of national significance in Switzerland: Bern
* Timelines of other municipalities
A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate.
The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...
in Switzerland: Basel
, french: link=no, Bâlois(e), it, Basilese
, neighboring_municipalities= Allschwil (BL), Hégenheim (FR-68), Binningen (BL), Birsfelden (BL), Bottmingen (BL), Huningue (FR-68), Münchenstein (BL), Muttenz (BL), Reinach (BL), Riehen (BS ...
, Geneva
, neighboring_municipalities= Carouge, Chêne-Bougeries, Cologny, Lancy, Grand-Saconnex, Pregny-Chambésy, Vernier, Veyrier
, website = https://www.geneve.ch/
Geneva ( ; french: Genève ) frp, Genèva ; german: link=no, Genf ; it, Ginevr ...
, Zürich
, neighboring_municipalities = Adliswil, Dübendorf, Fällanden, Kilchberg, Maur, Oberengstringen, Opfikon, Regensdorf, Rümlang, Schlieren, Stallikon, Uitikon, Urdorf, Wallisellen, Zollikon
, twintowns = Kunming, San Francisco
Zürich ...
References
''This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and French Wikipedia
The French Wikipedia (french: Wikipédia en français) is the French-language edition of Wikipedia, the free online encyclopedia. This edition was started on 23 March 2001, two months after the official creation of Wikipedia. It has articl ...
.''
Bibliography
in English
*
*
*
in German
*
* (fulltext)
* 1981-1987 (fulltext)
*
* (fulltext)
*
External links
* 1995–present
{{Old City of Bern
Bern
Switzerland history-related lists
Years in Switzerland
Bern