''Time Changes'' is a 1964

album An album is a collection of audio recordings issued on compact disc (CD), vinyl, audio tape, or another medium such as digital distribution. Albums of recorded sound were developed in the early 20th century as individual 78 rpm records co ...

The Dave Brubeck Quartet David Warren Brubeck (; December 6, 1920 – December 5, 2012) was an American jazz pianist and composer. Often regarded as a foremost exponent of cool jazz, Brubeck's work is characterized by unusual time signatures and superimposing contrasti ...

, based upon the use of

time signature The time signature (also known as meter signature, metre signature, or measure signature) is a notational convention used in Western musical notation to specify how many beats (pulses) are contained in each measure (bar), and which note va ...

s that were unusual in

jazz Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, Louisiana in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with its roots in blues and ragtime. Since the 1920s Jazz Age, it has been recognized as a m ...

music. The whole second side of the album, the composition "Elementals", resulted from a relationship with Rayburn Wright, The

Eastman School of Music The Eastman School of Music is the music school of the University of Rochester, a private research university in Rochester, New York. It was established in 1921 by industrialist and philanthropist George Eastman. It offers Bachelor of Music ...

and its "Arranger's Workshop" and an impending concert in

Rochester Rochester may refer to: Places Australia * Rochester, Victoria Canada * Rochester, Alberta United Kingdom *Rochester, Kent ** City of Rochester-upon-Medway (1982–1998), district council area ** History of Rochester, Kent ** HM Prison ...

, New York. It was Mr. Brubeck's first

orchestral An orchestra (; ) is a large instrumental ensemble typical of classical music, which combines instruments from different families. There are typically four main sections of instruments: * bowed string instruments, such as the violin, viola, ...

composition.

Overview

"Time Changes" is a continuation of Brubeck's hit albums '' Time Out'', ''

Time Further Out ''Time Further Out'' (subtitled '' Miró Reflections'') is a jazz studio album by the Dave Brubeck Quartet released by Columbia Records in November 1961. It features the "classic" lineup of the quartet: pianist and leader Dave Brubeck, alto sa ...

'' and '' Countdown—Time in Outer Space'', exploring the elements of time in jazz and music, while extending itself into a "do-it-yourself" concerto, which comprises the whole of side two, with orchestral accompaniment.Original liner notes, Columbia LP CL 2127 –Ted Macero The cover painting is by the internationally acclaimed American abstract painter

Sam Francis Samuel Lewis Francis (June 25, 1923 – November 4, 1994) was an American painter and printmaker. Early life Sam Francis was born in San Mateo, California,

Track listing

On the original vinyl LP:

Side A

#"Iberia" - 3:00 #"Unisphere" - 5:43 #"Shim Wha" - 4:03 #"World's Fair" - 2:45 #"Cable Car" - 3:00 #'Theme From Elementals' - 3:09 (CD only)

Side B

#"Elementals" - 16:35

Personnel

All pieces composed by Dave Brubeck, except "Shim Wha" by

Joe Morello Joseph Albert Morello (July 17, 1928 – March 12, 2011) was an American jazz drummer best known for serving as the drummer for pianist Dave Brubeck, as part of the Dave Brubeck Quartet, from 1957 to 1972, including during the quartet's "classic ...

. The album was recorded over various sessions that took place in November 1963. ; Musical * Dave Brubeck —

piano The piano is a stringed keyboard instrument in which the strings are struck by wooden hammers that are coated with a softer material (modern hammers are covered with dense wool felt; some early pianos used leather). It is played using a keybo ...

Paul Desmond Paul Desmond (born Paul Emil Breitenfeld; November 25, 1924 – May 30, 1977) was an American jazz alto saxophonist and composer, best known for his work with the Dave Brubeck Quartet and for composing that group's biggest hit, " Take Five". He ...

— alto saxophone *

Eugene Wright Eugene Joseph Wright (May 29, 1923 – December 30, 2020) was an American jazz bassist who was a member of the Dave Brubeck Quartet. Career Wright was a cornetist at high school and led the 16-piece band Dukes of Swing in his 20s. He was large ...

— bass *

— drums * Rayburn Wright —

orchestra conductor Conducting is the art of directing a musical performance, such as an orchestral or choral concert. It has been defined as "the art of directing the simultaneous performance of several players or singers by the use of gesture." The primary duties ...

* Fred Plaut, Robert Waller — recording engineers

External links and sources

*''https://web.archive.org/web/20121216140255/http://www.davebrubeck.com/live/'' davebrubeck.com *''http://www.jazzdisco.org/dave-brubeck/catalog/album-index/'' Brubeck discography

References

{{Authority control 1964 albums Albums produced by Teo Macero Albums recorded at CBS 30th Street Studio Columbia Records albums Concept albums Dave Brubeck albums