Thomas Tallis (23 November 1585; also Tallys or Talles) was an English composer of High Renaissance music. His compositions are primarily vocal, and he occupies a primary place in anthologies of English

choral music A choir ( ; also known as a chorale or chorus) is a musical ensemble of singers. Choral music, in turn, is the music written specifically for such an ensemble to perform. Choirs may perform music from the classical music repertoire, which s ...

. Tallis is considered one of England's greatest composers, and is honoured for his original voice in English musicianship.

Life

Youth

As no records about the birth, family origins or childhood of Thomas Tallis exist, almost nothing is known about his early life or origins. Historians have calculated that he was born in the early part of the 16th century, towards the end of the reign of

Henry VII of England Henry VII (28 January 1457 – 21 April 1509) was King of England and Lord of Ireland from his seizure of the crown on 22 August 1485 until his death in 1509. He was the first monarch of the House of Tudor. Henry's mother, Margaret Beauf ...

, and estimates for the year of his birth range from 1500 to 1520. His only known relative was a cousin called John Sayer. As the surnames ''Sayer'' and ''Tallis'' both have strong connections with

Kent Kent is a county in South East England and one of the home counties. It borders Greater London to the north-west, Surrey to the west and East Sussex to the south-west, and Essex to the north across the estuary of the River Thames; it faces ...

, Thomas Tallis is usually thought to have been born somewhere in the county. There are suggestions that Tallis sang as a child of the chapel in the Chapel Royal, the same singing establishment which he joined as an adult.{{sfn, Walker, 1907, p=34{{sfn, Lord, 2003, p=80 He was probably a

chorister A choir ( ; also known as a chorale or chorus) is a musical ensemble of singers. Choral music, in turn, is the music written specifically for such an ensemble to perform. Choirs may perform music from the classical music repertoire, which sp ...

at the

Benedictine , image = Medalla San Benito.PNG , caption = Design on the obverse side of the Saint Benedict Medal , abbreviation = OSB , formation = , motto = (English: 'Pray and Work') , foun ...

Priory of St. Mary the Virgin and St. Martin of the New Work, in Dover, where he was employed at an early age, but it is impossible to know whether he was educated there, or he may have sung at Canterbury Cathedral.{{sfn, Harley, 2015, p=2

Career

Tallis served at court as a composer and performer for Henry VIII,{{sfn, Holman, 1999, p=201

Edward VI Edward VI (12 October 1537 – 6 July 1553) was King of England and Ireland from 28 January 1547 until his death in 1553. He was crowned on 20 February 1547 at the age of nine. Edward was the son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour and the first E ...

Mary I Mary I (18 February 1516 – 17 November 1558), also known as Mary Tudor, and as "Bloody Mary" by her Protestant opponents, was Queen of England and Ireland from July 1553 and Queen of Spain from January 1556 until her death in 1558. She ...

, and

Elizabeth I Elizabeth I (7 September 153324 March 1603) was List of English monarchs, Queen of England and List of Irish monarchs, Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. Elizabeth was the last of the five House of Tudor monarchs and is ...

.{{sfn, Thomas, 1998, p=136 He was first designated as an organist at the chapel after 1570, although he would have been employed as an organist throughout his career.{{sfn, Doe, Allinson, 2009 He avoided the religious controversies that raged around him throughout his service to successive monarchs, though he remained, in the words of the historian

Peter Ackroyd Peter Ackroyd (born 5 October 1949) is an English biographer, novelist and critic with a specialist interest in the history and culture of London. For his novels about English history and culture and his biographies of, among others, William ...

, an "unreformed Roman Catholic".{{sfn, Ackroyd, 2004, p=176 Tallis was capable of switching the style of his compositions to suit each monarch's different demands.{{sfn, Phillips, 2005, p=8 He stood out among other important composers of the time, including Christopher Tye and Robert White. The author and composer Ernest Walker wrote that "he had more versatility of style" than Tye and White, and "his general handling of his material was more consistently easy and certain."{{sfn, Walker, 1907, p=44 Tallis taught the composer

William Byrd William Byrd (; 4 July 1623) was an English composer of late Renaissance music. Considered among the greatest composers of the Renaissance, he had a profound influence on composers both from his native England and those on the continent. He ...

, as later associated with Lincoln Cathedral; as well as Elway Bevin, an organist of

Bristol Cathedral Bristol Cathedral, the Cathedral Church of the Holy and Undivided Trinity, is the Church of England cathedral in the city of Bristol, England. Founded in 1140 and consecrated in 1148, it was originally St Augustine's Abbey but after the Dissolu ...

and Gentleman of the Chapel Royal.{{sfn, Walker, 1907, p=56

1530s and 1540s

No record of Tallis exists before 1531, when he is named in the accounts of Dover Priory, a Benedictine priory in Kent.{{sfn, Harley, 2015, p=2 He was employed there as the

organist An organist is a musician who plays any type of organ. An organist may play solo organ works, play with an ensemble or orchestra, or accompany one or more singers or instrumental soloists. In addition, an organist may accompany congregational h ...

,{{sfn, Lord, 2003, p=197 tasked with directing chants from the organ {{sfn, Harley, 2015, p=4 A "Thomas Tales" is named as the "''joculator organorum''" at the priory who received an annual payment of £2.{{sfn, Doe, Allinson, 2009 The priory was dissolved in 1535; there is no record of Tallis's departure.{{sfn, Harley, 2015, p=5{{sfn, Doe, Allinson, 2009 Tallis' whereabouts are not known for the next few months until his employment at

St Mary-at-Hill St Mary-at-Hill is an Anglican parish church in the Ward of Billingsgate, City of London. It is situated on Lovat Lane, a cobbled street off Eastcheap. It was founded in the 12th century as "St. Mary de Hull" or "St. Mary de la Hulle". It was se ...

in London's

Billingsgate Billingsgate is one of the 25 Wards of the City of London. This small City Ward is situated on the north bank of the River Thames between London Bridge and Tower Bridge in the south-east of the Square Mile. The modern Ward extends south to the ...

ward. {{sfn, Harley, 2015, p=5 Records show he was paid four half-yearly payments from 1536 to 1538, with the last one being for services—as either a singer or an organist—for the year up to 25 March 1538.{{sfn, Doe, Allinson, 2009{{sfn, Harley, 2015, pp=5{{ndash6 Holy Cross nave - geograph

Towards the end of 1538 Tallis moved to the large Augustinian monastery

Waltham Abbey Waltham Abbey is a town and civil parish in the Epping Forest District of Essex, within the metropolitan and urban area of London, England, north-east of Charing Cross. It lies on the Greenwich Meridian, between the River Lea in the west and ...

Essex Essex () is a county in the East of England. One of the home counties, it borders Suffolk and Cambridgeshire to the north, the North Sea to the east, Hertfordshire to the west, Kent across the estuary of the River Thames to the south, and Grea ...

,{{sfn, Harley, 2015, p=7 through contact with the abbot, whose London home was near to St Mary-at-Hill,{{sfn, Milsom, 2008 becoming a senior member there. {{sfn, Harley, 2015, p=7 When the abbey was dissolved in March 1540, Tallis left without receiving a pension (being recently employed there), and was instead given a one-off payment of 40

shillings The shilling is a historical coin, and the name of a unit of modern currencies formerly used in the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, other British Commonwealth countries and Ireland, where they were generally equivalent to 12 pence or ...

. He took away a volume of musical treatises copied by John Wylde, once a preceptor at Waltham. It contained a

treatise A treatise is a formal and systematic written discourse on some subject, generally longer and treating it in greater depth than an essay, and more concerned with investigating or exposing the principles of the subject and its conclusions." Tre ...

Leonel Power Leonel Power (also spelled ''Lionel, Lyonel, Leonellus, Leonelle''; ''Polbero''; 1370 to 1385 – 5 June 1445) was an English composer of the late Medieval and early Renaissance music. Along with John Dunstaple, he was a dominant figure of 15th ...

that prohibited consecutive

unison In music, unison is two or more musical parts that sound either the same pitch or pitches separated by intervals of one or more octaves, usually at the same time. ''Rhythmic unison'' is another term for homorhythm. Definition Unison or per ...

s, fifths, and octaves; the last page is inscribed with his name.{{sfn, Doe, Allinson, 2009{{sfn, Walker, 1907, p=34 By the summer of 1540 Tallis had moved to the recently secularized Canterbury Cathedral, where his name heads the list of singers in the newly expanded choir of 10 boys and 12 men. He remained there for two years.{{sfn, Harley, 2015, p=7{{sfn, Doe, Allinson, 2009

Employment at the Chapel Royal

Tallis's employment in the Chapel Royal probably began in 1543. His name appears on a 1544 lay subsidy roll and is listed in a later document. It is possible that he was connected with the court when at St Mary-at-Hill, as in 1577 Tallis claimed to have “served yo Ma esie and yo Royall ancestors these fortie yeres”. He may have been responsible for teaching the boys of the choir keyboard and composition.{{sfn, Doe, Allinson, 2009 Tallis married, probably for the first time, in around 1552. His wife Joan was the widow of a gentleman of the Chapel Royal. Like many other members of the royal household choir, Tallis and his wife lived in

Greenwich Greenwich ( , ,) is a town in south-east London, England, within the ceremonial county of Greater London. It is situated east-southeast of Charing Cross. Greenwich is notable for its maritime history and for giving its name to the Greenwich ...

,{{sfn, Milsom, 2008although it is not known if he ever owned his house there. He probably rented a house, by tradition in Stockwell Street.{{sfn, Doe, Allinson, 2009 There seem to have been no children of the marriage. {{sfn, Doe, Allinson, 2009 Mary I granted Tallis a lease on a manor in Kent which provided a comfortable annual income.{{sfn, Cole, 2008b, p=93 He was present at her funeral on 13 December 1558 and at the coronation of Elizabeth I the following month.{{sfn, Milsom, 2008 William Byrd (1543-1623)

Tallis was an eminent figure in Elizabeth's household chapel, but as he aged he became gradually less prominent. {{sfn, Milsom, 2008 In 1575, Elizabeth granted Tallis and Byrd a 21-year

monopoly A monopoly (from Greek el, μόνος, mónos, single, alone, label=none and el, πωλεῖν, pōleîn, to sell, label=none), as described by Irving Fisher, is a market with the "absence of competition", creating a situation where a speci ...

for

polyphonic music Polyphony ( ) is a type of musical texture consisting of two or more simultaneous lines of independent melody, as opposed to a musical texture with just one voice, monophony, or a texture with one dominant melodic voice accompanied by chords, h ...

{{sfn, Holman, 1999, p=1 and a

patent A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time in exchange for publishing an enabling disclosure of the invention."A ...

to print and publish "set songe or songes in parts", one of the first arrangements of its kind in England.{{sfn, Lord, 2003, p=69 Tallis composed in English,

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...

, French,

Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance language *** Regional Ita ...

, and other languages.{{sfn, Holman, 1999, p=1 He had exclusive rights to print any music in any language, and he and Byrd had sole use of the paper used in printing music. Amongst the collection of works they produced using their monopoly was the 1575 '' Cantiones quae ab argumento sacrae vocantur'', but it did not sell well and they were forced to appeal to Elizabeth for support.{{sfn, Holman, 1999, p=1 People were wary of the new publications, the sale of which was not helped by both men being Roman Catholics.{{sfn, Lord, 2003, p=69 As Catholics, Byrd and Tallis were forbidden to sell imported music, and were refused any rights to music

fonts In metal typesetting, a font is a particular size, weight and style of a typeface. Each font is a matched set of type, with a piece (a " sort") for each glyph. A typeface consists of a range of such fonts that shared an overall design. In mod ...

, or printing patents not under their command. They lacked their own printing press.{{sfn, Lord, 2003, p=70 A second petition in 1577 resulted in the grant of a joint lease of crown lands to the two composers.{{sfn, Doe, Allinson, 2009 After the 1575 publication, Tallis is thought to have ceased active composition, as no works from these final years survive.{{sfn, Harley, 2015, p=1

Final years

Late in his life, Tallis lived in

, possibly close to the royal

Palace of Placentia The Palace of Placentia, also known as Greenwich Palace, was an English royal residence that was initially built by Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, in 1443. The palace was a pleasaunce; a place designed for pleasure, entertainment and an escape f ...

; tradition holds that he lived on Stockwell Street.{{sfn, Doe, Allinson, 2009 He was recorded as a member of Elizabeth I's household in June 1585, and wrote his will in August that year.{{sfn, Harley, 2015, pp=211–212 He died in his house in

on 20 or 23 November; the different dates are from a register and the Chapel Royal.{{sfn, Harley, 2015, p=212{{sfn, Rimbault, 1872, p=192 He was buried in the chancel of

St Alfege Church, Greenwich St Alfege Church is an Anglican church in the centre of Greenwich, part of the Royal Borough of Greenwich in London. It is of medieval origin and was rebuilt in 1712–1714 to the designs of Nicholas Hawksmoor. Early history The church is ded ...

.{{sfn, Harley, 2015, p=212 A brass memorial plate placed there after the death of his wife (but before the death of Elizabeth (ONDB)){{clarify, date=March 2021 is now lost.{{sfn, Harley, 2015, p=212 His remains may have been discarded by labourers during the 1710s, when the church was rebuilt.{{sfn, Downes, 1987, pp=110–111 His epitaph on a brass

plaque Plaque may refer to: Commemorations or awards * Commemorative plaque, a plate or tablet fixed to a wall to mark an event, person, etc. * Memorial Plaque (medallion), issued to next-of-kin of dead British military personnel after World War I * Pl ...

, lost in the subsequent rebuilding of the church, was recorded by the English clergyman

John Strype John Strype (1 November 1643 – 11 December 1737) was an English clergyman, historian and biographer from London. He became a merchant when settling in Petticoat Lane. In his twenties, he became perpetual curate of Theydon Bois, Essex and lat ...

in his 1720 edition of John Stow's ''Survey of London''{{sfn, Doe, Allinson, 2009{{sfn, Rimbault, 1872, pp=192–193

Entered here doth ly a worthy wyght, Who for long tyme in musick bore the bell: His name to shew, was THOMAS TALLYS hyght, In honest virtuous lyff he dyd excell. He serv’d long tyme in chappel with grete prayse Fower sovereygnes reygnes (a thing not often seen); I meane Kyng Henry and Prynce Edward’s dayes, Quene Mary, and Elizabeth oure Quene. He mary’d was, though children he had none, And lyv’d in love full thre and thirty yeres Wyth loyal spowse, whose name yclypt was JONE, Who here entomb’d him company now beares. As he dyd lyve, so also did he dy, In myld and quyet sort (O happy man!) To God ful oft for mercy did he cry, Wherefore he lyves, let deth do what he can.

William Byrd wrote the musical elegy '' Ye Sacred Muses'' on Tallis's death. His widow Joan, whose will is dated 12 June 1587, survived him by nearly four years.{{sfn, Doe, Allinson, 2009{{sfn, Milsom, 2008

Works

{{See, List of compositions by Thomas Tallis

Early works

The earliest surviving works by Tallis are ''Ave Dei patris filia'', ''Magnificat for four voices'',{{sfn, Harley, 2015, p=224 and two devotional

antiphons An antiphon (Greek language, Greek ἀντίφωνον, ἀντί "opposite" and φωνή "voice") is a short chant in Christianity, Christian ritual, sung as a refrain. The texts of antiphons are the Psalms. Their form was favored by St Ambrose ...

to the Virgin Mary, ''Salve intemerata virgo'' and ''Ave rosa sine spinis'', which were sung in the evening after the last service of the day; they were cultivated in England at least until the early 1540s. Henry VIII's break from the

Roman Catholic Church The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...

in 1534 and the rise of

Thomas Cranmer Thomas Cranmer (2 July 1489 – 21 March 1556) was a leader of the English Reformation and Archbishop of Canterbury during the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI and, for a short time, Mary I. He helped build the case for the annulment of Henry ...

noticeably influenced the style of music being written. Cranmer recommended a syllabic style of music where each syllable is sung to one pitch, as his instructions make clear for the setting of the 1544 '' English Litany''.{{sfn, Willis, 2016, p=52 As a result, the writing of Tallis and his contemporaries became less florid. Tallis' ''Mass for Four Voices'' is marked with a syllabic and chordal style emphasising chords, and a diminished use of

melisma Melisma ( grc-gre, μέλισμα, , ; from grc, , melos, song, melody, label=none, plural: ''melismata'') is the singing of a single syllable of text while moving between several different notes in succession. Music sung in this style is refer ...

. He provides a rhythmic variety and differentiation of moods depending on the meaning of his texts.{{sfn, Manderson, 2000, p=86 Tallis' early works also suggest the influence of John Taverner and Robert Fayrfax.{{sfn, Harley, 2015, p=222 Taverner in particular is quoted in ''Salve intemerata virgo'', and his later work, ''Dum transisset sabbatum''.{{sfn, Harley, 2015, p=222 The reformed Anglican liturgy was inaugurated during the short reign of

(1547–53),{{sfn, Lord, 2003, p=75 and Tallis was one of the first church musicians to write anthems set to English words, although Latin continued to be used alongside the vernacular.{{sfn, Lord, 2003, p=200 Queen Mary set about undoing some of the religious reforms of the preceding decades, following her accession in 1553. She restored the Sarum Rite, and compositional style reverted to the elaborate writing prevalent early in the century.{{sfn, Shrock, 2009, p=148 Two of Tallis's major works were ''Gaude gloriosa Dei Mater'' and the Christmas Mass '' Puer natus est nobis'', and both are believed to be from this period. ''Puer natus est nobis'' based on the introit for the third Mass for Christmas Day may have been sung at Christmas 1554 when Mary believed that she was pregnant with a male heir.{{sfn, Milsom, 2008 These pieces were intended to exalt the image of the Queen, as well as to praise the Virgin Mary.{{sfn, Shrock, 2009, p=148 Some of Tallis's works were compiled by Thomas Mulliner in a manuscript copybook called ''

The Mulliner Book The Mulliner Book (British Library Add MS 30513) is a historically important musical commonplace book compiled probably between about 1545 and 1570, by Thomas Mulliner, about whom practically nothing is known, except that he figures in 1563 as ' ...

'' before Queen Elizabeth's reign, and may have been used by the queen herself when she was younger. Elizabeth succeeded her half-sister in 1558, and the Act of Uniformity abolished the Roman Liturgy{{sfn, Farrell, 2001, p=125 and firmly established the

Book of Common Prayer The ''Book of Common Prayer'' (BCP) is the name given to a number of related prayer books used in the Anglican Communion and by other Christian churches historically related to Anglicanism. The original book, published in 1549 in the reign ...

.{{sfn, Thomas, 1998, p=89 Composers resumed writing English anthems, although the practice continued of setting Latin texts among composers employed by Elizabeth's Chapel Royal. {{listen, type=music , filename = Thomas Tallis (ca.1505-1585) - Why fum'th in sight a4, the Third Tune from Archbishop Parker's Psalter (1567).ogg , title = "Why fum'th in sight," the Third Tune from Archbishop Parker's Psalter (1567) , description = Inspiration for ''

Fantasia on a Theme by Thomas Tallis ''Fantasia on a Theme by Thomas Tallis'', also known as the ''Tallis Fantasia'', is a one-movement work for string orchestra by Ralph Vaughan Williams. The theme is by the 16th-century English composer Thomas Tallis. The Fantasia was first perf ...

'' by Ralph Vaughan Williams. Performed by Phillip W. Serna, Treble, Tenor & Bass

Viol The viol (), viola da gamba (), or informally gamba, is any one of a family of bowed, fretted, and stringed instruments with hollow wooden bodies and pegboxes where the tension on the strings can be increased or decreased to adjust the pitc ...

s {{listen, type=music , filename =Thomas Tallis -- All praise to you (Tallis's canon).opus , title = "Tallis's Canon" , alt = , description =A setting of " All praise to You, my God, this night" (

Doxology A doxology (Ancient Greek: ''doxologia'', from , '' doxa'' 'glory' and -, -''logia'' 'saying') is a short hymn of praises to God in various forms of Christian worship, often added to the end of canticles, psalms, and hymns. The tradition derive ...

) , filename2 =Tallis - If ye love me.ogg , title2 ="If Ye Love Me" , alt2 = , description2 =A setting of {{Bibleverse, John, 14:15–17, KJV , filename3 =Thomas Tallis Lamentations I (The Tudor Consort).ogg , title3 = ''Lamentations of Jeremiah the Prophet I'' , alt3 = , description3 =A setting of {{Bibleverse, Lamentations, 1, KJV The religious authorities at the beginning of Elizabeth's reign, being Protestant, tended to discourage polyphony in church unless the words were clearly audible or, as the 1559 Injunctions stated, "playnelye understanded, as if it were read without singing".{{sfn, Willis, 2016, p=57 Tallis wrote nine psalm chant tunes for four voices for Archbishop

Matthew Parker Matthew Parker (6 August 1504 – 17 May 1575) was an English bishop. He was the Archbishop of Canterbury in the Church of England from 1559 until his death in 1575. He was also an influential theologian and arguably the co-founder (with a p ...

's Psalter published in 1567.{{sfn, Lord, 2003, p=86 One of the nine tunes was the "Third Mode Melody" which inspired the composition of ''

'' by Ralph Vaughan Williams in 1910.{{sfn, Steinberg, 2008, p=291 His setting of Psalm 67 became known as "Tallis's Canon", and the setting by

Thomas Ravenscroft Thomas Ravenscroft ( – 1635) was an English musician, theorist and editor, notable as a composer of rounds and catches, and especially for compiling collections of British folk music. Little is known of Ravenscroft's early life. He pro ...

is an adaptation for the hymn "All praise to thee, my God, this night" (1709) by

Thomas Ken Thomas Ken (July 1637 – 19 March 1711) was an English cleric who was considered the most eminent of the English non-juring bishops, and one of the fathers of modern English hymnody. Early life Ken was born in 1637 at Little Berkhampstead, ...

, and it has become his best-known composition. The Injunctions, however, also allowed a more elaborate piece of music to be sung in church at certain times of the day,{{sfn, Willis, 2016, p=57 and many of Tallis's more complex Elizabethan anthems may have been sung in this context, or alternatively by the many families that sang sacred polyphony at home.{{sfn, Milsom, 2003, p=163 Tallis's better-known works from the Elizabethan years include his settings of the ''Lamentations (of Jeremiah the Prophet)''{{sfn, Cole, 2008b, p=93 for the Holy Week services and the unique motet ''

Spem in alium ''Spem in alium'' (Latin for "Hope in any other") is a 40-part Renaissance motet by Thomas Tallis, composed in c. 1570 for eight choirs of five voices each. It is considered by some critics to be the greatest piece of English early music. H. B. ...

'' written for eight five-voice choirs, for which he is most remembered. He also produced compositions for other monarchs, and several of his anthems written in Edward's reign are judged to be on the same level as his Elizabethan works, such as "

If Ye Love Me "If ye love me" is a four-part motet or anthem by the English composer Thomas Tallis, a setting of a passage from the Gospel of John. First published in 1565 during the reign of Elizabeth I, it is an example of Tudor music and is part of the rep ...

".{{sfn, Phillips, 2005, p=11 Records are incomplete on his works from previous periods; 11 of his 18 Latin-texted pieces from Elizabeth's reign were published, "which ensured their survival in a way not available to the earlier material".{{sfn, Phillips, 2005, p=13

Later works

Toward the end of his life, Tallis resisted the musical development seen in his younger contemporaries such as Byrd, who embraced compositional complexity and adopted texts of disparate biblical extracts.{{sfn, Phillips, 2005, p=9 Tallis was content to draw his texts from the Liturgy{{sfn, Farrell, 2001, p=125 and wrote for the worship services in the Chapel Royal.{{sfn, Farrell, 2001, p=125 He composed during the conflict between Catholicism and Protestantism, and his music often displays characteristics of the turmoil.{{sfn, Gatens, 2005, p=181

Legacy

{{see also, Signum Classics Tallis is remembered as primarily a composer of

sacred Sacred describes something that is dedicated or set apart for the service or worship of a deity; is considered worthy of spiritual respect or devotion; or inspires awe or reverence among believers. The property is often ascribed to objects ( ...

vocal music, in part because of his lack of extant instrumental or secular vocal music.{{sfn, Harley, 2015, p=227 No contemporaneous portrait of Tallis survives; the one painted by Gerard Vandergucht dates from 150 years after the composer's death, and there is no reason to suppose that it is a fair likeness. In a rare existing copy of his blackletter signature, he spelled his name "Tallys".{{sfn, Cole, 2008b, p=62 A fictionalised version of Thomas Tallis was portrayed by Joe Van Moyland in the 2007

BBC #REDIRECT BBC #REDIRECT BBC Here i going to introduce about the best teacher of my life b BALAJI sir. He is the precious gift that I got befor 2yrs . How has helped and thought all the concept and made my success in the 10th board exam. ...

...

Life

Youth

Career

1530s and 1540s

Employment at the Chapel Royal

Final years

Works

Early works

Later works

Legacy

References

Notes

Citations

Sources

Further reading

External links