Thomas Chrön ( sl, Tomaž Hren; November 13, 1560 – February 10, 1630) was a

Carniola Carniola ( sl, Kranjska; , german: Krain; it, Carniola; hu, Krajna) is a historical region that comprised parts of present-day Slovenia. Although as a whole it does not exist anymore, Slovenes living within the former borders of the region s ...

n Roman Catholic priest, bishop of

Ljubljana Ljubljana (also known by other historical names) is the capital and largest city of Slovenia. It is the country's cultural, educational, economic, political and administrative center. During antiquity, a Roman city called Emona stood in the ar ...

, and patron of the arts.Cankar, Izidor et al., eds. 1928. ''Slovenski bijografski leksikon'', vol. 3: Hintner–Kocen. Ljubljana: Zadružna gospodarska banka.
/ref>Rajhman, Jože, & Emilijan Cevc. 1990. Tomaž Hren. ''Enciklopedija Slovenije'', vol. 4, pp. 50–51. Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga.

Life and work

Chrön was born in Ljubljana. In 1573 he enrolled in the

Jesuit , image = Ihs-logo.svg , image_size = 175px , caption = ChristogramOfficial seal of the Jesuits , abbreviation = SJ , nickname = Jesuits , formation = , founders ...

school in

Graz Graz (; sl, Gradec) is the capital city of the Austrian state of Styria and second-largest city in Austria after Vienna. As of 1 January 2021, it had a population of 331,562 (294,236 of whom had principal-residence status). In 2018, the popula ...

. He was ordained in 1588, when he was also appointed to the canon's position formerly held by

Primož Trubar Primož Trubar or Primus Truber () (1508 – 28 June 1586) was a Slovene Protestant Reformer of the Lutheran tradition, mostly known as the author of the first Slovene language printed book, the founder and the first superintendent of the Prot ...

. In 1597 he was appointed bishop of Ljubljana, and the appointment was confirmed in 1599. He was the leading force behind the

Counter-Reformation The Counter-Reformation (), also called the Catholic Reformation () or the Catholic Revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence that was initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation. It began with the Council of Trent (1545–1563) a ...

in Carniola, and Protestantism was suppressed in his diocese between 1600 and 1603. However,

Jurij Dalmatin Jurij Dalmatin ( – 31 August 1589) was a Slovene Lutheran minister, reformer, writer and translator. He translated the complete Bible into Slovene. Life Born in Krško, Dalmatin came from a Dalmatian family. Until the age of 18, he studied ...

's Bible translation was retained and he received papal permission to use it, thereby preserving its linguistic and literary tradition. From 1614 to 1621 he served as the deputy provincial sovereign.Janež, Stanko. 1957. ''Zgodovina slovenske knjizevnosti: Druga, predelana izdaja s sodelovanjem miroslava ravbarja.'' Maribor: Obzorja, p. 110. Chrön wanted to establish a press in Ljubljana; he made it possible for Johannes Tschandek ( sl, Janez Čandek or ''Čandik'') to print the gospels and epistles (''Evangelia inu listuvi'', 1613), and he copyedited the text himself, which was based on translations by Trubar and Dalmatin. He established the ''Collegium Marianum'' in Gornji Grad for the education of clergy. Chrön also supported

liturgical music Liturgical music originated as a part of religious ceremony, and includes a number of traditions, both ancient and modern. Liturgical music is well known as a part of Catholic Mass, the Anglican Holy Communion service (or Eucharist) and Evensong ...

: he commissioned a new organ in Gornji Grad. Chrön died in Gornji Grad, where he was also buried. The Slovenized spelling of his name ''Tomash Hren'' is found as early as 1832, ''Tomaž Kren'' by 1848, ''Tomaž Hren'' by 1849, ''Tomaž Chrön'' by 1854, and ''Tomaž Chroen'' by 1907.

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Chron, Thomas 1560 births 1630 deaths Slovenian Jesuits Slovenian Roman Catholic bishops Roman Catholic bishops of Ljubljana 17th-century Roman Catholic bishops in the Holy Roman Empire Jesuit bishops