The Theraphosinae are a large
subfamily of
Mygalomorphae
The Mygalomorphae, or mygalomorphs, are an infraorder of spiders, and comprise one of three major groups of living spiders with over 3000 species, found on all continents except Antarctica. Many members are known as trapdoor spiders due to the ...
spider
Spiders ( order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species ...
s in the family
Theraphosidae
Tarantulas comprise a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. , 1,040 species have been identified, with 156 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although m ...
found in the
Neotropical realm
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone.
Definition
In biogeo ...
.
Genera
The subfamily Theraphosinae includes these
genera:
* ''
Acanthoscurria''
* ''
Aenigmarachne''
* ''
Aphonopelma
''Aphonopelma'' is a genus of tarantulas native to the Americas. It includes nearly all the North American tarantula species north of Mexico and a considerable percentage of the tarantula species that range into Central America. Most are fairly ...
''
* ''
Bonnetina''
* ''
Brachypelma''
* ''
Bumba'' (formerly ''Maraca'')
* ''
Chromatopelma''
* ''
Citharacanthus''
* ''
Clavopelma
''Clavopelma'' is a monotypic genus of Mexican tarantulas containing the single species, ''Clavopelma tamaulipeca''. It is a reddish-brown spider with thick, wooly golden-brown hair. Its legs are a darker shade of brown than the carapace, with set ...
''
* ''
Crassicrus''
* ''
Cyclosternum''
* ''
Cyriocosmus''
* ''
Cyrtopholis''
* ''
Euathlus''
* ''
Eupalaestrus''
* ''
Grammostola''
* ''
Hapalopus''
* ''
Hapalotremus
''Hapalotremus'' is a genus of South American Theraphosidae, tarantulas in the Theraphosinae subfamily that was first described by Eugène Simon, Eugène Louis Simon in 1903. They have red or white Type III urticating hair, urticating (relatively ...
''
* ''
Hemirrhagus''
* ''
Homoeomma''
* ''
Lasiodora''
* ''
Lasiodorides''
* ''
Magulla''
* ''
Megaphobema''
* ''
Melloleitaoina''
* ''
Metriopelma''
* ''
Munduruku
The Munduruku, also known as Mundurucu or Wuy Jugu or
BMJ, are an indigenous people of Brazil living in the Amazon River basin. Some Munduruku communities are part of the Coatá-Laranjal Indigenous Land. They had an estimated population in 2014 ...
''
* ''
Neostenotarsus''
* ''
Nesipelma''
* ''
Nhandu
''Nhandu'' is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by S. Lucas in 1983. ''Brazilopelma'' was synonymized with it in 2001.
Diagnosis
They can be distinguished by the lack of stridulating organs, extension of the scopu ...
''
* ''
Ozopactus''
* ''
Pamphobeteus''
* ''
Paraphysa''
* ''
Phormictopus''
* ''
Plesiopelma''
* ''
Proshapalopus''
* ''
Pseudhapalopus''
* ''
Reversopelma''
* ''
Schizopelma
''Schizopelma'' is a genus of tarantulas that was first described by Frederick Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1897. it contains two species, found in Central America and Mexico
Mexico (Spanish language, Spanish: México), officially the Uni ...
''
* ''
Sericopelma
''Sericopelma'' is a genus of tarantula (family Theraphosidae), found in Central America from Nicaragua to Panama. The limits of the genus and its distribution have long been confused; it is closely related to the genus ''Aphonopelma''. ''Seric ...
''
* ''
Sphaerobothria
''Sphaerobothria'' is a monotypic genus of Central American tarantulas containing the single species, ''Sphaerobothria hoffmanni''. It was first described by Ferdinand Anton Franz Karsch in 1879, and is found in Panama and Costa Rica
Co ...
''
* ''
Stichoplastoris''
* ''
Theraphosa''
* ''
Thrixopelma
''Thrixopelma'' is a genus of South American Theraphosidae, tarantulas that was first described by Günter Schmidt (arachnologist), Günter E. W. Schmidt in 1994. They are medium to large Tarantula, tarantulas, usually being 35mm to 60mm in body l ...
''
* ''
Tmesiphantes''
* ''
Vitalius''
* ''
Xenesthis''
References
* ; ; 2011: Revalidation of ''Pterinopelma'' Pocock 1901 with description of a new species and the female of ''Pterinopelma vitiosum'' (Keyserling 1891) (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae). ''
Zootaxa
''Zootaxa'' is a peer-reviewed scientific mega journal for animal taxonomists. It is published by Magnolia Press (Auckland, New Zealand). The journal was established by Zhi-Qiang Zhang in 2001 and new issues are published multiple times a week ...
'', 2814: 1–18. (
Preview* ; 2010: ''Agnostopelma'': a new genus of tarantula without a scopula on leg IV (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae). ''Journal of arachnology'', 38(1): 104–112.
External links
*
*
Theraphosidae
Spider subfamilies
{{Theraphosidae-stub