The term stiff voice describes the pronunciation of consonants or vowels with a
glottal opening
The glottis is the opening between the vocal folds (the rima glottidis). The glottis is crucial in producing vowels and Voice (phonetics), voiced consonants.
Etymology
From Ancient Greek ''γλωττίς'' (glōttís), derived from ''γλῶτ ...
narrower, and the
vocal folds stiffer, than occurs in
modal voice. Although there is no specific
IPA
IPA commonly refers to:
* India pale ale, a style of beer
* International Phonetic Alphabet, a system of phonetic notation
* Isopropyl alcohol, a chemical compound
IPA may also refer to:
Organizations International
* Insolvency Practitioners ...
diacritic
A diacritic (also diacritical mark, diacritical point, diacritical sign, or accent) is a glyph added to a letter or to a basic glyph. The term derives from the Ancient Greek (, "distinguishing"), from (, "to distinguish"). The word ''diacriti ...
for stiff voice, the voicing diacritic (a subscript wedge) may be used in conjunction with the symbol for a
voiced consonant.
In
Bru, for example, stiff-voiced vowels have tenseness in the glottis and pharynx without going so far as to be
creaky voiced, whereas slack-voiced vowels are lax in the glottis without going so far as to be
breathy voice.
One language with stiff voice is
Thai
Thai or THAI may refer to:
* Of or from Thailand, a country in Southeast Asia
** Thai people, the dominant ethnic group of Thailand
** Thai language, a Tai-Kadai language spoken mainly in and around Thailand
*** Thai script
*** Thai (Unicode block ...
:
contrasts stiff and
slack voiced bilabial, dental, retroflex, and velar stops:
Mpi
MPI or Mpi may refer to:
Science and technology Biology and medicine
* Magnetic particle imaging, an emerging non-invasive tomographic technique
* Myocardial perfusion imaging, a nuclear medicine procedure that illustrates the function of the hear ...
(
Loloish) contrasts modals and stiff voice in its vowels. This is not
register: for each of the six Mpi tones, a word may have either a modal or stiff-voiced vowel. For example, low tone contrasts 'blood' and 'seven'.
References
Phonation
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