grammar In linguistics, grammar is the set of rules for how a natural language is structured, as demonstrated by its speakers or writers. Grammar rules may concern the use of clauses, phrases, and words. The term may also refer to the study of such rul ...

, the temporal case (or Temporalis

abbreviated An abbreviation () is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word, usually ended with a trailing per ...

) is a

grammatical case A grammatical case is a category of nouns and noun modifiers (determiners, adjectives, participles, and Numeral (linguistics), numerals) that corresponds to one or more potential grammatical functions for a Nominal group (functional grammar), n ...

used to indicate a time. In the

Hungarian language Hungarian, or Magyar (, ), is an Ugric language of the Uralic language family spoken in Hungary and parts of several neighboring countries. It is the official language of Hungary and one of the 24 official languages of the European Union. Out ...

its suffix is ''-kor''. For example: ''hétkor'' "at seven" or ''hét órakor'' "at seven o'clock", ''éjfélkor'' "at midnight", ''karácsonykor'' "at Christmas". This is one of the few suffixes in Hungarian to which rules of

vowel harmony In phonology, vowel harmony is a phonological rule in which the vowels of a given domain – typically a phonological word – must share certain distinctive features (thus "in harmony"). Vowel harmony is typically long distance, meaning tha ...

do not apply. In Finnish its suffix is ''-lloin / -llöin''. For example: ''milloin'' - when?; ''jolloin'' - when (relative pronoun); ''tällöin'' - at this time; ''silloin'' - then; ''tuolloin'' - at that time. In

Russian Russian(s) may refer to: *Russians (), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *A citizen of Russia *Russian language, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages *''The Russians'', a b ...

the function of temporal case is assumed by

Instrumental An instrumental or instrumental song is music without any vocals, although it might include some inarticulate vocals, such as shouted backup vocals in a big band setting. Through Semantic change, semantic widening, a broader sense of the word s ...

, e.g. ''утр-ом'' (base form is ''утро'') - in the morning, ''дн-ём'' (base form is ''день'') - in the daytime/in the afternoon, ''вечер-ом'' (base form is ''вечер'') - at night/in the evening, ''ночь-ю'' (base form is ''ночь'') - at nighttime/in the night.

References

Grammatical cases {{Ling-morph-stub