Dvaita Dvaita Vedanta (); (originally known as Tattvavada; IAST:Tattvavāda), is a sub-school in the Vedanta tradition of Hindu philosophy. The term Tattvavada literally means "arguments from a realist viewpoint". The Tattvavada (Dvaita) Vedanta ...

philosophy, Tamo-yogyas are a group of souls, classified by

Madhvacharya Madhvacharya (; ; CE 1199-1278 or CE 1238–1317), sometimes anglicised as Madhva Acharya, and also known as Purna Prajna () and Ānanda Tīrtha, was an Indian philosopher, theologian and the chief proponent of the '' Dvaita'' (dualism) sch ...

, which consists of the souls who are damnable. Madhvacharya divides souls into three classes: one class of souls which qualifies for ''

moksha ''Moksha'' (; sa, मोक्ष, '), also called ''vimoksha'', ''vimukti'' and ''mukti'', is a term in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism for various forms of emancipation, enlightenment, liberation, and release. In its soteriologic ...

'', or liberation ( Mukti-yogyas); another as subject to '' samsara'', eternal rebirth or transmigration ( Nitya-samsarins); and a third class that is eventually condemned to eternal

hell In religion and folklore, hell is a location in the afterlife in which evil souls are subjected to punitive suffering, most often through torture, as eternal punishment after death. Religions with a linear divine history often depict hell ...

ish life in Andhatamisra (Tamo-yogyas).Tapasyananda, Swami. ''Bhakti Schools of Vedanta'' pg. 177.

Helmuth von Glasenapp Helmuth is both a masculine German given name and a surname. Notable people with the name include: Given name; * Helmuth Theodor Bossert (1889–1961), German art historian, philologist and archaeologist *Helmuth Duckadam (born 1959), Romanian form ...

: Der Hinduismus. Religion und Gesellschaft im heutigen Indien, Hildesheim 1978, p. 248. According to Madhvacharya, Naraka (hell) is temporary for sinners like thieves and drunkards, but not for those who express eternal hatred against God, the Dvaita

guru Guru ( sa, गुरु, IAST: ''guru;'' Pali'': garu'') is a Sanskrit term for a "mentor, guide, expert, or master" of certain knowledge or field. In pan- Indian traditions, a guru is more than a teacher: traditionally, the guru is a reverential ...

s or the

Vedas upright=1.2, The Vedas are ancient Sanskrit texts of Hinduism. Above: A page from the '' Atharvaveda''. The Vedas (, , ) are a large body of religious texts originating in ancient India. Composed in Vedic Sanskrit, the texts constitute th ...

.Helmuth von Glasenapp
Madhva's Philosophie des Vishnu-Glaubens
Geistesströmungen des Ostens vol. 2, Bonn 1923, p. 103-105. Therefore, the eternally damned would consist of the most evil, sadomasochistic living entities, including the demon

Kali Kali (; sa, काली, ), also referred to as Mahakali, Bhadrakali, and Kalika ( sa, कालिका), is a Hindu goddess who is considered to be the goddess of ultimate power, time, destruction and change in Shaktism. In this tra ...

, who although carries out the orders of God also enjoys being punished, and who is said to be the most wicked being.Glasenapp: Madhva's Philosophie des Vishnu-Glaubens, p. 65-66. They would sink down into Andhatamisra, which would remain independently during every ''

kalpa Kalevan Pallo (KalPa) is a professional ice hockey team which competes in the Finnish Liiga. They play in Kuopio, Finland at the Olvi Areena. Team history Established in 1929 as ''Sortavalan Palloseura'' in Sortavala, the club relocated to Kuop ...

''.Sri Vadiraja
Bhugola Varnanam
commented and transl. by V. Badaryana Murthy, Bangalore 1988/89, p. 60-63. Some Dvaitins regard this as an expression of universal kindness, because it would fit in with their nature, comparing it to the

neem tree ''Azadirachta indica'', commonly known as neem, nimtree or Indian lilac, is a tree in the mahogany family Meliaceae. It is one of two species in the genus ''Azadirachta'', and is native to the Indian subcontinent and most of the countries in Afri ...

, which prefers bitter minerals for its growth.

References

Dvaita Vedanta Hindu philosophical concepts {{Hindu-philo-stub