Týn nad Vltavou (; german: Moldautein) is a town in České Budějovice District in the

South Bohemian Region The South Bohemian Region ( cs, Jihočeský kraj; , ) is an administrative unit (''kraj'') of the Czech Republic, located mostly in the southern part of its historical land of Bohemia, with a small part in southwestern Moravia. The western part ...

of the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...

. It has about 7,800 inhabitants. It lies on the

Vltava Vltava ( , ; german: Moldau ) is the longest river in the Czech Republic, running southeast along the Bohemian Forest and then north across Bohemia, through Český Krumlov, České Budějovice and Prague, and finally merging with the Labe at ...

river. The town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone.

Administrative parts

Villages of Hněvkovice na levém břehu Vltavy, Koloděje nad Lužnicí, Netěchovice, Nuzice, Předčice and Vesce are administrative parts of Týn nad Vltavou.

Etymology

The Old Czech word ''týn'' is related to English "

town A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares an o ...

". It was a term for a fortified settlement.

Geography

Týn nad Vltavou is located about north of

České Budějovice České Budějovice (; german: Budweis ) is a city in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 93,000 inhabitants. It is located in the valley of the Vltava River, at its confluence with the Malše. České Budějovice is t ...

. The town lies on the

river, at its confluence with the Lužnice. It lies in the

Tábor Uplands Tábor (; german: Tabor) is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 33,000 inhabitants. The town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument reservation. Administrative parts The followi ...

and the highest point is the hill Červený vrch, at .

History

A settlement in the area was probably founded in the 11th century. The first written mention of Týn nad Vltavou is from 1229, when it was a part of bishop's dominion. After 1251, a new centre of the settlement was established and built around the Church of Saint Christoforos, near a road connecting two local fords. The fords were replaced by a wooden bridge. In the late 13th century, a development occurred, and a stone castle for protection of the trade route from

Nuremberg Nuremberg ( ; german: link=no, Nürnberg ; in the local East Franconian dialect: ''Nämberch'' ) is the second-largest city of the German state of Bavaria after its capital Munich, and its 518,370 (2019) inhabitants make it the 14th-largest ...

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

was built. In 1327, Týn nad Vltavou was first referred to as a town. The town acquired a customs office authorizing the collection of tolls, the connection with

Prague Prague ( ; cs, Praha ; german: Prag, ; la, Praga) is the capital and largest city in the Czech Republic, and the historical capital of Bohemia. On the Vltava river, Prague is home to about 1.3 million people. The city has a temperate ...

was ensured by rafting and boating on the Vltava, and Týn became rich and prospering. During the

Hussite Wars The Hussite Wars, also called the Bohemian Wars or the Hussite Revolution, were a series of civil wars fought between the Hussites and the combined Catholic forces of Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund, the Papacy, Eur ...

, the church was burned down, otherwise the town was not affected by the war. However, the town was affected by later religious disputes and wars and was burned down in 1468. After 1543 during the rule of Jan III Čabelický, the desolated castle was repaired. In 1564, a large fire destroyed most of the houses on the square and the church. In 1569, the church was rebuilt, extended and consecrated to

James the Great James the Great, also known as James, son of Zebedee, Saint James the Great, Saint James the Greater, Saint James the Elder, or Saint Jacob ( Aramaic ܝܥܩܘܒ ܒܪ ܙܒܕܝ, Arabic يعقوب, Hebrew בן זבדי , '' Yaʿăqōḇ'', Latin ...

. In 1601, Týn was confiscated by the royal chamber. In 1608, it was promoted to a royal town by

Rudolf II Rudolf II (18 July 1552 – 20 January 1612) was Holy Roman Emperor (1576–1612), King of Hungary and Croatia (as Rudolf I, 1572–1608), King of Bohemia (1575–1608/1611) and Archduke of Austria (1576–1608). He was a member of the Ho ...

, but in 1621 after the

Battle of White Mountain The Battle of White Mountain ( cz, Bitva na Bílé hoře; german: Schlacht am Weißen Berg) was an important battle in the early stages of the Thirty Years' War. It led to the defeat of the Bohemian Revolt and ensured Habsburg control for the n ...

, it was returned to Prague Archbishopric and became again a serfdom town. During the

Thirty Years' War The Thirty Years' War was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history, lasting from 1618 to 1648. Fought primarily in Central Europe, an estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died as a result of batt ...

, the town was repeatedly burned and devastated. The town lost two thirds of the houses and the castle. The decline continued after the war, and in 1680 the town was hit by a

plague Plague or The Plague may refer to: Agriculture, fauna, and medicine *Plague (disease), a disease caused by ''Yersinia pestis'' * An epidemic of infectious disease (medical or agricultural) * A pandemic caused by such a disease * A swarm of pes ...

epidemic. Until 1918, ''Moldauthein – Tyn nad Vltavou'' was part of the

Austrian monarchy The Habsburg monarchy (german: Habsburgermonarchie, ), also known as the Danubian monarchy (german: Donaumonarchie, ), or Habsburg Empire (german: Habsburgerreich, ), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities ...

(Austria side after the

compromise of 1867 The Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 (german: Ausgleich, hu, Kiegyezés) established the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary. The Compromise only partially re-established the former pre-1848 sovereignty and status of the Kingdom of Hungary ...

), in the district with the same name, one of the 94 ''Bezirkshauptmannschaften'' in

Bohemia Bohemia ( ; cs, Čechy ; ; hsb, Čěska; szl, Czechy) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic. Bohemia can also refer to a wider area consisting of the historical Lands of the Bohemian Crown ruled by the Bohem ...

Demographics

Sights

The historic centre is formed by Míru Square with many preserved Renaissance and Gothic-Renaissance houses, and adjacent streets. The main landmarks of the square are the town hall, the church, and the castle. The Renaissance town hall was built in the 17th century and rebuilt after a fire in 1796. The facade of the building in the late Baroque style was lightened by arcades. The Church of Saint James the Great comes from 1569 was Baroquely reconstructed in 1753–1763. Týn nad Vltavou Castle is the largest building in the town centre. It was built in 1699 as seat of the archbishop's administration. The building has an early Baroque facade with Classicist adjustments. The castle also includes underground spaces open to the public. Today the castle serves as a library and as Town Museum Týn nad Vltavou. The museum was founded in 1932 and consists of expositions of local history, historical puppets,

moldavite Moldavite ( cs, vltavín) is a forest green, olive green or blue greenish vitreous silica projectile glass formed by a meteorite impact in southern Germany (Nördlinger Ries Crater) that occurred about 15 million years ago. It is a type of tekti ...

s, and life and work of

Alfréd Radok Alfréd Radok (17 December 1914 in – 22 April 1976) was a distinguished Czech stage director and film director. Radok's work belongs with the top Czech stage direction of the 20th century. He is often cited as a ''formalist'' in his work. Bio ...

. The remains of the original Gothic castle are accessible. Only a stone bridge and few ramparts are preserved. On the site of a former castle, a

revolving auditorium A revolving auditorium is a mechanically controlled seating area within a theatre which can be rotated in order to manipulate the change of scenery and stage sets during the performance. Revolving auditoriums are favoured by open-air theatres in ...

was built in 1983. It is the only amateur scene of its kind in the world. Smaller castles Hněvkovice and Koloděje nad Lužnicí are located in eponymous villages.

In popular culture

Films ''Kameňák'', ''Kameňák 2'' and ''Kameňák 3'' were filmed here.

Notable people

* Matěj Kopecký (1775–1847), puppeteer; lived and died here *

(1914–1976), stage director and film director

Gallery

Týn nad Vltavou - kaple PMKarlovske.jpg , Chapel of the Virgin Mary Náměstí - Týn nad Vltavou (panorama).jpg, Town square with the town hall (left) Týn nad Vltavou 2005 Most.jpg, Gothic castle ruins

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Tyn nad Vltavou Cities and towns in the Czech Republic Populated places in České Budějovice District