Symche Trachter, full name Szymon Symche Binem Trachter (1890 or 1894 – 1942) was a
Polish
Polish may refer to:
* Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe
* Polish language
* Poles
Poles,, ; singular masculine: ''Polak'', singular feminine: ''Polka'' or Polish people, are a West Slavic nation and ethnic group, w ...
painter of
Jewish
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...
descent.
Biography
In his youth he was a pupil of
Jacek Malczewski in
Kraków
Kraków (), or Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city dates back to the seventh century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 ...
, one of the most famous painters of Polish Symbolism. Subsequently he pursued his studies in
Vienna
en, Viennese
, iso_code = AT-9
, registration_plate = W
, postal_code_type = Postal code
, postal_code =
, timezone = CET
, utc_offset = +1
, timezone_DST ...
in 1918, and in
Paris
Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...
in 1927. He exhibited in Paris in 1930. Symche Trachter was active at Kraków, and also participated in exhibitions organized by the
Jewish Society for the Propagation of the Fine Arts.
During the
Second World War
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposi ...
he was interned in the
Warsaw Ghetto
The Warsaw Ghetto (german: Warschauer Ghetto, officially , "Jewish Residential District in Warsaw"; pl, getto warszawskie) was the largest of the Nazi ghettos during World War II and the Holocaust. It was established in November 1940 by the G ...
, but continued his artistic activities even in detention, decorating with
frescoes together with another painter and fellow detainee, Feliks Frydman the walls of the main reception hall within the seat of the Ghetto's
Judenrat
A ''Judenrat'' (, "Jewish council") was a World War II administrative agency imposed by Nazi Germany on Jewish communities across occupied Europe, principally within the Nazi ghettos. The Germans required Jews to form a ''Judenrat'' in every c ...
. In 1942 he was deported by the
Nazis
Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in N ...
from the Warsaw Ghetto on one of the first transports to the
Treblinka extermination camp
Treblinka () was an extermination camp, built and operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland during World War II. It was in a forest north-east of Warsaw, south of the village of Treblinka in what is now the Masovian Voivodeship. The camp ...
, where he was murdered in the
Holocaust
The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe; ...
.
[''Roczniki Humanistyczne'', vol. 24, No. 5, Lublin, Towarzystwo Naukowe ''of the'' Catholic University of Lublin, 1976, p. 9. ISSN 0035-7707.]
Bibliography
*
Michał Weinzieher, ''Symche Trachter, Paris'' (1930)
*Michał Weinzieher, Introduction; in: ''Symche Trachter: katalog wystawy'',
Warsaw
Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...
,
Żydowskie Towarzystwo Krzewienia Sztuk Pięknych, 1930.
*''The Museum of the Jewish Historical Institute: Arts and Crafts'', comp. & ed. I. Brzewska, ''
et al.'', tr. B. Piotrowska, Warsaw, Auriga, Wydawnictwa Artystyczne i Filmowe (''for the'' Żydowski Instytut Historyczny w Polsce), 1995. . (Unpaged.)
*Jerzy Malinowski, ''Malarstwo i rzeźba Żydów polskich w XIX i XX wieku'', vol. 1, Warsaw, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 2000. .
*''
Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon: die bildenden Künstler aller Zeiten und Völker'', vol. 33,
Munich
Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Ha ...
, Saur, 2002.
Digital edition available online.*Adrian Darmon, ''Autour de l'art juif: encyclopédie des peintres, photographes et sculpteurs'', Chatou, Éditions Carnot, 2003, p. 110. . (With an extensive list of further sources on pp. 338–339.)
References
External links
Trachter's works in Central Jewish Library
1890s births
1942 deaths
Year of birth uncertain
Artists from Lublin
Jewish Polish artists
Jewish painters
People from Lublin Governorate
20th-century Polish painters
Warsaw Ghetto inmates
Polish people who died in Treblinka extermination camp
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