Sylvain Lévi
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Sylvain Lévi (March 28, 1863 – October 30, 1935) was an influential French orientalist and
indologist Indology, also known as South Asian studies, is the academic study of the history and cultures, languages, and literature of the Indian subcontinent, and as such is a subset of Asian studies. The term ''Indology'' (in German, ''Indologie'') i ...
who taught Sanskrit and Indian religion at the École pratique des hautes études. Lévi's book ''Théâtre Indien'' is an important work on the subject of Indian performance art, and Lévi also conducted some of the earliest analysis of Tokharian fragments discovered in
Western China Western China (, or rarely ) is the west of China. In the definition of the Chinese government, Western China covers one municipality ( Chongqing), six provinces (Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu, and Qinghai), and three autonomou ...
. Lévi exerted a significant influence on the life and thought of
Marcel Mauss Marcel Mauss (; 10 May 1872 – 10 February 1950) was a French sociologist and anthropologist known as the "father of French ethnology". The nephew of Émile Durkheim, Mauss, in his academic work, crossed the boundaries between sociology and ...
, the nephew of
Émile Durkheim David Émile Durkheim ( or ; 15 April 1858 – 15 November 1917) was a French sociologist. Durkheim formally established the academic discipline of sociology and is commonly cited as one of the principal architects of modern social science, al ...
.


Co-Founds the École française d'Extrême-Orient in Hanoi, Vietnam

Sylvain Lévi was a co-founder of the
École française d'Extrême-Orient The French School of the Far East (french: École française d'Extrême-Orient, ), abbreviated EFEO, is an associated college of PSL University dedicated to the study of Asian societies. It was founded in 1900 with headquarters in Hanoi in w ...
in
Hanoi Hanoi or Ha Noi ( or ; vi, Hà Nội ) is the capital and second-largest city of Vietnam. It covers an area of . It consists of 12 urban districts, one district-leveled town and 17 rural districts. Located within the Red River Delta, Hanoi i ...
. According to the
Universal Jewish Encyclopedia Isaac Landman (October 24, 1880 – September 4, 1946) was an American Reform rabbi, author and anti-Zionist activist. He was editor of the ten volume '' Universal Jewish Encyclopedia''. Biography Landman was born in Russia on October 4, 1880, to ...
, Lévi was the (one of the) founder(s) of the
École française d'Extrême-Orient The French School of the Far East (french: École française d'Extrême-Orient, ), abbreviated EFEO, is an associated college of PSL University dedicated to the study of Asian societies. It was founded in 1900 with headquarters in Hanoi in w ...
(EFEO) (French School of the Far East) in Hanoi. The École française d'Extrême-Orient's website notes that the school was founded in Hanoi in 1902. One of his students, Suzanne Karpelès, the first female member of EFEO, joined him there in 1922 and remained in
French Indochina French Indochina (previously spelled as French Indo-China),; vi, Đông Dương thuộc Pháp, , lit. 'East Ocean under French Control; km, ឥណ្ឌូចិនបារាំង, ; th, อินโดจีนฝรั่งเศส, ...
until 1941.Goodman, J. (2018). Suzanne Karpelès (1890-1969): Thinking With the Width and Thickness of Time: Suzanne Karpelès (1890-1969) Denken mit der Breite und Tiefe der Zeit. ''Bildungsgeschichte - International journal for the historiography of education : IJHE'', ''8''(2), 231-244. https://winchester.elsevierpure.com/en/publications/suzanne-karpel%C3%A8s-1890-1969-thinking-with-the-width-and-thickness-


Opinions

He was also an early opponent of the traditionalist author
René Guénon René Jean-Marie-Joseph Guénon (15 November 1886 – 7 January 1951), also known as ''Abdalwâhid Yahiâ'' (; ''ʿAbd al-Wāḥid Yaḥiā'') was a French intellectual who remains an influential figure in the domain of metaphysics, having writte ...
, citing the latter's uncritical belief in a "
Perennial philosophy The perennial philosophy ( la, philosophia perennis), also referred to as perennialism and perennial wisdom, is a perspective in philosophy and spirituality that views all of the world's religious traditions as sharing a single, metaphysical trut ...
", that a primal truth revealed directly to primitive humanity, based on an extreme reductionist view of Hinduism, which was the subject of Guénon's first book, ''L'Introduction générale a l'étude des doctrines hindoues''. That was a thesis delivered to Lévi at the Sorbonne and rejected.


Works

* ''Le Théâtre Indien'', Deuxième tirage, 1963, Publié à l'occasion du centenaire de la naissance de Sylvain Lévi, Bibliothèque de l'Ecole des Hautes Etudes, IVe section, 83e Fascicule, Paris, Distributeur exclusif: Librairie Honoré Champion. * Lévi, S. 1898. ''La doctrine du sacrifice dans les Brâhmanas'', Paris : Ernest Leroux, Bibliothèque de l’École des Hautes Études-Sciences religieuses BÉHÉ-SR vol. 11. * Lévi, S. 1966. Id., avec une préface de L. Renou, 2e éd., Paris : Presses Universitaires de France, BÉHÉ-SR, vol. 73. * Lévi, S. 2003. Id., réimpr. de Lévi 1966, avec une postface inédite de Ch. Malamoud, Brepols : Turnhout, BÉHÉ-SR, vol. 118. * ''Le Népal: Étude historique d’un royaume hindou'', Sylvain Lévi, 3 vol. 1905–08, Paris * ''Nepal: Historical study of a Hindu kingdom'', Sylvain Levi,
Ancient Nepal
', 44 installments, 1973–90. * ''Asvaghosa, le sutralamkara et ses sources'', S. Lévi, JA, 1908, 12, p. 57-193 * ''Autour d'Asvaghosa'', Sylvain Lévi, JA, Oc-Déc. 1929, p. 281-283 * ''Kanishka et Satavahana'', Sylvain Lévi, JA, Jan–Mars 1936, p. 103-107 * ''Le Bouddhisme et les Grecs'', S. Lévi, R.H.R. 23 (1891), p. 37 * ''L'énigme des 256 nuits d'Asoka'', Sylvain Lévi, JA 1948, p. 143-153 * ''Les études orientales'', par Sylvain Lévi, Annales du musée Guimet numéro 36, Hachette 1911, ANU DS1.P32.t36 * ''Les grands hommes dans l'histoire de l'Inde'', par Sylvain Lévi, Annales du musée Guimet numéro 40, Hachette 1913, ANU A DS1.P32.t40 * ''Les seize Arhats protecteurs de la loi'', Sylvain Lévi et Édouard Chavannes, JA 1916, vol. II, p. 204-275 * ''Le sutra du sage et du fou'', Sylvain Lévi, JA, Oc-Déc. 1925, p. 320-326, ANU pBL1411.A82.L4 * ''L'inde civilisatrice, aperçu historique'', S. Lévi, Paris 1938 * ''L'Inde et le Monde'', par Sylvain Lévi, Honoré Champion 1926, ANU G B131.L4 * ''Madhyantavibhangatika'', tr. S. Lévi ?, ANU BQ2965.Y3 * ''Mahayanasutralamkara, exposé de la doctrine du Grand Véhicule selon le système Yogachara'', tr. française Sylvain Lévi, Librairie Honoré Champion, 5 Quai Malaquais, Paris 1911, réimpression Rinsen Book Co. Kyoto 1983 () ANU BQ3002.L48.1983.t2 * ''Maitreya, le consolateur'', S. Lévi, Mélanges Linossier, II, pp. 362–3 & pp. 355–402
''Matériaux pour l'étude du système Vijnaptimatra''
Sylvain Lévi, Paris Chanmpion 1932 * ''Nairatmyapariprccha'', Sylvain Lévi, JA, Oct-Déc. 1928, p. 209-215 * ''Notes indiennes'', Sylvain Lévi, JA, Janv. Mars 1925, p. 26-35 * ''Notes sur les manuscrits sanscrits provenant de Bamiyan et de Gilgit'', S. Lévi * ''Observations sur une langue précanonique du bouddhisme'', S. Lévi, JA Nov-Déc. 1912, p. 511 * ''Sur la récitation primitive des textes bouddhiques'', Sylvain Lévi, JA, Mai-Juin 1915, p. 401-407 * ''Une langue précanonique du bouddhisme'', S. Lévi, JA 1912, p. 495-514 * ''Vijnaptimatratasiddhi'', Sylvain Lévi, Paris 1925, ANU AA BL1405.B8 * ''Vimsika-Vimsatika de Vasubandhu'', tr. S. Lévi, Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Etudes fascicule 245-1925 et 260-1932 Paris *JA = Journal Asiatique


References


Sources

* Louis Renou (1996). Mémorial Sylvain Lévi. Éd. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. * Lyne Bansat-Boudon; Roland Lardinois; Isabelle Ratié (2007), Sylvain Lévi (1863-1935) : études indiennes, histoire sociale: actes du colloque tenu à Paris les 8-10 octobre 2003, Turnhout: Brepols * Goloubew, Victor (1935)
Sylvain Lévi et l'Indochine
Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient 35 (1), 550-574 * Bloch, Jules (1937)
Sylvain Lévi
École pratique des hautes études, Section des sciences historiques et philologiques 70 (1), 39-43


External links


Biography
Jewish Encyclopedia {{DEFAULTSORT:Levi, Sylvain 1863 births 1935 deaths French scholars of Buddhism French Indologists 19th-century French Jews Jewish Nepalese history Jewish Vietnamese history Linguists from France Members of the Société Asiatique Newar studies scholars People associated with Santiniketan University of Paris faculty