Sudova Vyshnia ( uk, Судова Вишня) is a town in the Yavoriv district of the Lviv Oblast (region) of

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inva ...

. It hosts the administration of

Sudova Vyshnia urban hromada Sudovia () can refer to: In geography * Sudovia/Yotvingia, ancient Baltic land inhabited by Sudovians/Yotvingians * Suvalkija, one of the five cultural regions of Lithuania * Suwałki Region, region in Poland near the border with Lithuania In spor ...

, one of the

hromada A hromada ( uk, територіальна громада, lit=territorial community, translit=terytorialna hromada) is a basic unit of administrative division in Ukraine, similar to a municipality. It was established by the Government of Ukra ...

s of Ukraine. Its population is . The town has a number of Catholic cathedrals and a secondary school, and is a market centre for the surrounding agricultural area. In the past the town contained a horse farm, providing a horse stud service for the area, some of the horse studs being very expensive. On the outskirts there is a hippodrome.

Location

Sudova Vyshnia is located about west of

Lviv Lviv ( uk, Львів) is the largest city in Western Ukraine, western Ukraine, and the List of cities in Ukraine, seventh-largest in Ukraine, with a population of . It serves as the administrative centre of Lviv Oblast and Lviv Raion, and is o ...

, on the highway ( Shehyni –

) and railroad to

Przemyśl Przemyśl (; yi, פשעמישל, Pshemishl; uk, Перемишль, Peremyshl; german: Premissel) is a city in southeastern Poland with 58,721 inhabitants, as of December 2021. In 1999, it became part of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship; it was p ...

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...

. The city is also the terminus of route P40, that stretches all the way to Rava-Ruska. The Vishnya river flows through the town in a westerly direction, eventually joining the San in Poland. The railway line (twin track) leads to

Kraków Kraków (), or Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula, Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city dates back to the seventh century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland un ...

and Silesia in Poland, a main route for carrying coal to the

former USSR The post-Soviet states, also known as the former Soviet Union (FSU), the former Soviet Republics and in Russia as the near abroad (russian: links=no, ближнее зарубежье, blizhneye zarubezhye), are the 15 sovereign states that wer ...

History

Sudova Vyshnia was first mentioned in the ''Galician–Volhynian Chronicle'' for 1230 as Vyshnia. In 1340, together with the entirety of Red Ruthenia, it was annexed by the Kingdom of Poland. Until the 1772

Partitions of Poland The Partitions of Poland were three partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that took place toward the end of the 18th century and ended the existence of the state, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland and Lithuania for 12 ...

, Sądowa Wisznia, as it was officially called, was part of

Przemyśl Land Przemyśl Land ( pl, Ziemia przemyska) was an administrative unit of Kyivan Rus, Kingdom of Poland and Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It existed since the integration of Principality of Peremyshl into Kingdom of Ruthenia and until 1772, and wa ...

Ruthenian Voivodeship The Ruthenian Voivodeship (Latin: ''Palatinatus russiae'', Polish: ''Województwo ruskie'', Ukrainian: ''Руське воєводство'', romanized: ''Ruske voievodstvo''), also called Rus’ voivodeship, was a voivodeship of the Crown o ...

. Sudova Vyshnia received its

Magdeburg rights Magdeburg rights (german: Magdeburger Recht; also called Magdeburg Law) were a set of town privileges first developed by Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (936–973) and based on the Flemish Law, which regulated the degree of internal autonomy within ...

town charter in 1368. Originally, it was called Vyshnia (Wisznia), after the river Wisznia, a tributary of the San. The adjective Sudova (Polish: ) was added in 1545, when it became the seat of the general

sejmik A sejmik (, diminutive of ''sejm'', occasionally translated as a ''dietine''; lt, seimelis) was one of various local parliaments in the history of Poland and history of Lithuania. The first sejmiks were regional assemblies in the Kingdom of ...

s of the

Ruthenia Ruthenia or , uk, Рутенія, translit=Rutenia or uk, Русь, translit=Rus, label=none, pl, Ruś, be, Рутэнія, Русь, russian: Рутения, Русь is an exonym, originally used in Medieval Latin as one of several terms ...

szlachta The ''szlachta'' (Polish: endonym, Lithuanian: šlėkta) were the noble estate of the realm in the Kingdom of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth who, as a class, had the dominating position in ...

Lesser Poland Province of the Polish Crown Lesser Poland Province ( pl, Prowincja małopolska, la, Polonia Minor) was an administrative division of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland from 1569 until 1795 and the biggest province of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The name of the pro ...

. In 1772, the town was annexed by the Habsburg Empire, as part of Habsburg Austrian

Galicia Galicia may refer to: Geographic regions * Galicia (Spain), a region and autonomous community of northwestern Spain ** Gallaecia, a Roman province ** The post-Roman Kingdom of the Suebi, also called the Kingdom of Gallaecia ** The medieval King ...

, where it remained until late 1918. In the

Second Polish Republic The Second Polish Republic, at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, was a country in Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 1918 and 1939. The state was established on 6 November 1918, before the end of the First World ...

, Sądowa Wisznia belonged to Mościska County,

Lwów Voivodeship Lwów Voivodeship ( pl, Województwo lwowskie) was an administrative unit of interwar Poland (1918–1939). Because of the Nazi-Soviet invasion of Poland in accordance with the secret Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, it became occupied by both the Weh ...

. During the September 1939

Invasion of Poland The invasion of Poland (1 September – 6 October 1939) was a joint attack on the Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union which marked the beginning of World War II. The German invasion began on 1 September 1939, one week af ...

, the Battle of Jaworów took place in the area of the town. When captured by the

USSR The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nati ...

in the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposi ...

, the town had a large main square, cobbled and with a podium – suitable for public meetings. Under Communism, the square was planted over by trees and bushes – no more public meetings. In 1940–1941 and 1944–1959 Sudova Vyshnia was a district seat of the Sudova Vyshnia

Raion A raion (also spelt rayon) is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states. The term is used for both a type of subnational entity and a division of a city. The word is from the French (meaning 'honeycomb, department'), and is c ...

that eventually was merged with Mostyska Raion. When under the administration of

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...

during the

, being in the area called Galicia since ancient times, it was not considered occupied but a part of the

German Reich German ''Reich'' (lit. German Realm, German Empire, from german: Deutsches Reich, ) was the constitutional name for the German nation state that existed from 1871 to 1945. The ''Reich'' became understood as deriving its authority and sovereignty ...

. The currency at that time was the

Reichsmark The (; sign: ℛℳ; abbreviation: RM) was the currency of Germany from 1924 until 20 June 1948 in West Germany, where it was replaced with the , and until 23 June 1948 in East Germany, where it was replaced by the East German mark. The Reich ...

, whereas in occupied territories the German administration used the Ostmark. German armed forces included a number of SS divisions, considered elite units; there was also an SS Galicia division. Before the war the town had had a Jewish population; only three of its Jews survived the war (two of whom are Frieda Stramer and her brother Dov Stramer), and none remained there afterwards. After

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...

, the Soviet regime used a Catholic church (Church of St Mary) that existed since the 14th century as a warehouse until 1989. Today, Sudova Vyshnia is one of the centers of the Poles in Ukraine, with a local office of the Association of Polish Culture of the Lviv Land. Until 18 July 2020, Sudova Vyshnia belonged to Mostyska Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Mostyska Raion was merged into Yavoriv Raion.

Notable people

Born

Ivan Vyshenskyi Ivan Vyshenskyi ( uk , Іван Вишенський; born ca. 1550 in Sudova Vyshnia – after 1620, Mount Athos, Greece) was a Ukrainian Orthodox monk and religious philosopher. He is considered to be an important polemicist of the time. ...

(1550–1620), an Eastern Orthodox monk *

Stefan Czmil Stefan Czmil ( uk, Степан Чміль, ''Stepan Chmil''; 20 October 1914 – 22 January 1978) was a Ukrainian Eastern Catholic known for his missionary work in Argentina as well as for work in his native Ukraine and Italy. According to U ...

(1914–1978), an Eastern Catholic bishop *

Bohdan Shust Bohdan Romanovych Shust ( uk, Богдан Романович Шуст; born 4 March 1986) is a professional Ukrainian retired footballer. Career Karpaty Lviv Shust started his professional career in FC Karpaty Lviv in 2004. By the end of his t ...

(born 1986), a professional football player

Resided

* Jan Mars (1853–1924), an owner of Sudova Vyshnia * Marcin Krowicki (1501–1573), a priest who converted from Catholicism to

Unitarianism Unitarianism (from Latin language, Latin ''unitas'' "unity, oneness", from ''unus'' "one") is a Nontrinitarianism, nontrinitarian branch of Christian theology. Most other branches of Christianity and the major Churches accept the Trinity, doctri ...

Gallery

File:Sudova Vyshnia school.jpg, Sudova Vyshnia school File:Sudova Vyshnia Transfiguration Church3.JPG, City's oldest church, Transfiguration Church File:NSH Sądowa Wisznia Tserkva Preobrajennya Gospodn'ogo dzvinnytza 005.JPG, Transfiguration Church Bell Tower File:NSH Sądowa Wisznia Hram Svyatoyi Triytsi 001.JPG, Holy Trinity Church File:NSH Sądowa Wisznia Hram Svyatoyi Triytsi 002.JPG, Holy Trinity Church, entrance fresco File:Sudova Vyshnia Street.JPG, a street view File:Sudova Vyshnia Saint Mary Help of Christians Church.JPG, Church of St Mary, a Helper of Christians

References

External links

Brief info
at the

Verkhovna Rada The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine ( uk, Верхо́вна Ра́да Украї́ни, translit=, Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy, translation=Supreme Council of Ukraine, Ukrainian abbreviation ''ВРУ''), often simply Verkhovna Rada or just Rada, is the ...

website
Sudova Vyshnia
at the Castles and temples of Ukraine {{coord, 49, 47, 21, N, 23, 22, 20, E, region:UA_type:city(6655)_source:ruwiki, display=title Cities in Lviv Oblast Cities of district significance in Ukraine Ruthenian Voivodeship Holocaust locations in Ukraine