grammar In linguistics, the grammar of a natural language is its set of structural constraints on speakers' or writers' composition of clauses, phrases, and words. The term can also refer to the study of such constraints, a field that includes domain ...

, the term sublative case (

abbreviated An abbreviation (from Latin ''brevis'', meaning ''short'') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method. It may consist of a group of letters or words taken from the full version of the word or phrase; for example, the word ''abbrevia ...

) is used to refer to

grammatical case A grammatical case is a category of nouns and noun modifiers ( determiners, adjectives, participles, and numerals), which corresponds to one or more potential grammatical functions for a nominal group in a wording. In various languages, nomin ...

s expressing different situations: In Hungarian and Finnish (rarely used), it expresses the destination of the movement, originally to the surface of something (e.g. sit down on the ground, climb the tree), but in other figurative meanings as well (e.g. to university, for two nights), or into a language, while in Tsez and other

Northeast Caucasian languages The Northeast Caucasian languages, also called East Caucasian, Nakh-Daghestani or ''Vainakh-Daghestani'', is a family of languages spoken in the Russian republics of Dagestan, Chechnya and Ingushetia and in Northern Azerbaijan as well as in ...

it denotes a movement towards the bottomsides or the area under an object. The sublative case is used in the

Finnish Finnish may refer to: * Something or someone from, or related to Finland * Culture of Finland * Finnish people or Finns, the primary ethnic group in Finland * Finnish language, the national language of the Finnish people * Finnish cuisine See also ...

, Tsez and Hungarian languages.

Hungarian

In Hungarian the suffix "-re" or "-ra" denotes the sublative. It can be used like "onto" but also in more abstract cases for flat areas (cities, airports). For example: * ''hajóra'' (onto the boat) * ''Budapestre megyek'' (I am going to Budapest) * ''repülőtérre'' (to the airport)

Finnish

Examples in Finnish: * ''minne'' - where to? * ''jonne'' - where (relative pronoun) * ''moniaalle'' - to many places * ''kaikkialle'' - to everywhere

References

Grammatical cases {{ling-morph-stub