A state funeral is a public funeral ceremony, observing the strict rules of

protocol Protocol may refer to: Sociology and politics * Protocol (politics), a formal agreement between nation states * Protocol (diplomacy), the etiquette of diplomacy and affairs of state * Etiquette, a code of personal behavior Science and technology ...

, held to honour people of national significance. State funerals usually include much pomp and ceremony as well as religious overtones and distinctive elements of military tradition. Generally, state funerals are held in order to involve the general public in a national day of mourning after the family of the deceased gives consent. A state funeral will often generate mass publicity from both national and global media outlets.

Africa

Algeria

* Ahmed Ben Bella * Abdelaziz Bouteflika

Angola

* Agostino Neto *

Jose Eduardo dos Santos Jose is the English transliteration of the Hebrew and Aramaic name ''Yose'', which is etymologically linked to ''Yosef'' or Joseph. The name was popular during the Mishnaic and Talmudic periods. * Jose ben Abin * Jose ben Akabya *Jose the Galil ...

Botswana

* Sir Seretse Khama * Ruth Williams Khama *

Gladys Olebile Masire Gladys Molefi Olebile Masire, Lady Masire (30 July 1931 – 17 May 2014) was a Botswana teacher and political figure who served as the longest ruling First Lady of Botswana from 1980 until 1998. Early life and education Gladys Molefi Olebile was ...

* Sir Ketumile Masire

Burundi

* Pierre Nkurunziza

Cameroon

* Marc-Vivien Foe

DR Congo

* Laurent-Desire Kabila

Egypt

* Gamal Abdel Nasser (1 October 1970) * Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (29 July 1980), Shah of Iran who died in exile in Egypt *

Anwar Sadat Muhammad Anwar el-Sadat, (25 December 1918 – 6 October 1981) was an Egyptian politician and military officer who served as the third president of Egypt, from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 ...

(8 October 1981) *

Hosni Mubarak Muhammad Hosni El Sayed Mubarak, (; 4 May 1928 – 25 February 2020) was an Egyptian politician and military officer who served as the fourth president of Egypt from 1981 to 2011. Before he entered politics, Mubarak was a career officer in ...

(26 February 2020)

Ethiopia

* Meles Zenawi * Sylvia Pankhurst * Tilahun Gessesse

Gabon

Edith Lucie Bongo Édith Lucie Bongo Ondimba (March 10, 1964 – March 14, 2009) was the First Lady of Gabon as the wife of President Omar Bongo from 1989 to 2009. Biography Édith Lucie Bongo Ondimba was born March 10, 1964. She was the daughter of Republic of th ...

Omar Bongo El Hadj Omar Bongo Ondimba (born Albert-Bernard Bongo; 30 December 1935 – 8 June 2009) was a Gabonese politician who was the second President of Gabon for 42 years, from 1967 until his death in 2009. Omar Bongo was promoted to key positions as ...

Ghana

Ivory Coast

Kenya

Mzee Jomo Kenyatta Jomo Kenyatta (22 August 1978) was a Kenyan anti- colonial activist and politician who governed Kenya as its Prime Minister from 1963 to 1964 and then as its first President from 1964 to his death in 1978. He was the country's first indigenou ...

* Lucy Kibaki * Wangari Maathai *

Wahome Gakuru Patrick Wahome Gakuru (29 July 1966 – 7 November 2017) was a Kenyan politician who served as the third governor of Nyeri County having been elected in August 2017 on a Jubilee party ticket alongside deputy governor, Mutahi Kahiga. Gakuru stud ...

Joyce Laboso Joyce Cherono Abonyo (née Laboso; 25 November 1960 – 29 July 2019) was a Kenyan politician who served as the second governor of Bomet County from 2017 until her death on 29 July 2019. She was a Member of Parliament representing Sotik constitu ...

* Daniel Arap Moi * Mwai Kibaki

Malawi

Bingu wa Mutharika Bingu wa Mutharika (; born Brightson Webster Ryson Thom; 24 February 1934 – 5 April 2012) was a Malawian politician and economist who was President of Malawi from May 2004 until his death in April 2012. He was also President of the Demo ...

Mozambique

Samora Machel Samora Moisés Machel (29 September 1933 – 19 October 1986) was a Mozambican military commander and political leader. A socialist in the tradition of Marxism–Leninism, he served as the first President of Mozambique from the country's ...

* Afonso Dhlakama

Namibia

* Andimba Toivo ya Toivo

Somalia

* Hassan Abshir Farah *

Nur Hassan Hussein Nur Hassan Hussein ( so, Nuur Xasan Xuseen Cadde, ar, نور حسن حسين‎; 2 February 1938 – 1 April 2020), popularly known as Nur Adde, was a Somali politician, who served as Prime Minister of Somalia from November 2007 to February 2 ...

South Africa

South Sudan

Gordon Muortat Mayen Gordon Muortat Mayen Maborjok (1922–2008) was a South Sudanese veteran politician and an advocate for the rights and freedom of the South Sudanese people. He was the President of the Nile Provisional Government (NPG) which led Anyanya I; Southe ...

* Dr. John Garang de Mabior

Tanzania

* Benjamin Mkapa *

John Magufuli John Pombe Joseph Magufuli (29 October 1959 – 17 March 2021) was the fifth president of Tanzania, serving from 2015 until his death in 2021. He served as Minister of Works, Transport and Communications from 2000 to 2005 and 2010 to 2015 and wa ...

* Julius Nyerere

Tunisia

* Beji Caid Essebsi

Uganda

* Godfrey Binaisa * Mutesa II of Buganda * Milton Obote *

Jacob Oulanyah Jacob L'Okori Oulanyah (23 March 1965 – 20 March 2022) was a Ugandan agricultural economist, lawyer, and politician, who served as the Speaker of the 11th Parliament of Uganda since 2021 until 2022. He was elected to that position on 24 May 2 ...

Zambia

* Levy Mwanawasa * Frederick Chiluba *

Betty Kaunda Beatrice "Betty" Kaunda (née Kaweche Banda; 17 November 1928 – 18 September 2012), was a Zambian educator and inaugural First Lady of Zambia from 1964 to 1991 as the wife of the country's first president, Kenneth Kaunda. She was known as Mama ...

* Michael Sata * Kenneth Kaunda

Zimbabwe

Joshua Nkomo Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo (19 June 1917 – 1 July 1999) was a Zimbabwean revolutionary and Matabeleland politician who served as Vice-President of Zimbabwe from 1990 until his death in 1999. He founded and led the Zimbabwe African People's ...

* Simon Muzenda *

Joseph Msika Joseph Wilfred Msika (6 December 1923 – 4 August 2009), was a Zimbabwean politician who served as Second Vice-President of Zimbabwe from 1999 to 2009.Sydney Kawadza"VP Msika dies", ''The Herald'', 6 August 2009. Early life Msika was born in ...

* John Nkomo * Oliver Mtukudzi * Robert Mugabe

Americas

Argentina

In 1952 Eva Perón died at age 33. She held the title of Spiritual Leader of the Nation of Argentina, granted by the Congress of Argentina. Nearly three million people covered the funeral of Evita in the streets of Buenos Aires. A radio broadcast interrupted the broadcasting schedule, with the announcer reading, "The Press Secretary's Office of the Presidency of the Nation fulfills its very sad duty to inform the people of the Republic that at 20:25 hours Mrs. Eva Perón, Spiritual Leader of the Nation, died." Eva Perón was granted a state funeral and a full Roman Catholic

requiem mass A Requiem or Requiem Mass, also known as Mass for the dead ( la, Missa pro defunctis) or Mass of the dead ( la, Missa defunctorum), is a Mass of the Catholic Church offered for the repose of the soul or souls of one or more deceased persons, ...

.Ortiz. On Saturday 9 August, the body was then transferred to the Congress Building for an additional day to be publicly viewed. The next day, after a final Sunday mass, the coffin was laid atop on a gun carriage pulled by CGT officials. Following next was Juan Perón, his cabinet, Eva's family and friends, the delegates and representatives of the Partido Peronista Femenino, then workers, nurses and students of the Eva Perón Foundation. Her coffin was showered with carnations, orchids, chrysanthemums, wallflowers and roses thrown from the nearby balconies as the procession passed through the streets. Juan Perón died at age 78 on 1 July 1974, after his health progressively deteriorated. His wife and vice president, Isabel Perón, gave the announcement: "''with great sorrow, I must convey to the people of

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest ...

the death of this true apostle of peace and nonviolence.''" After several days of national mourning, in which the body laid in state at the Argentine National Congress for hundreds of thousands of people, the remains were moved to a crypt in the Quinta de Olivos Presidential Palace. On 17 November 1974 the remains of Evita were moved to the crypt on the grounds of the Presidential Palace. While the body was in Congress, over 135,000 people filed past the coffin, while a million Argentines had to bid their farewell to their leader from the outside. Two thousand foreign journalists reported the details of the funeral. Raul Alfonsín died at age 82 on 31 March 2009 after a long battle against lung cancer and. in his last days, broncoaspirativa pneumonia.

's government declared three days of national mourning for the death and his remains were veiled from the early hours of April 1, 2009 in the Blue Room of the National Congress, which was attended also by authorities and politicians of different parties an estimated 80,000 people had to wait in line for five to six hours. Among the political authorities who attended the event were former presidents Carlos Menem,

Eduardo Duhalde Eduardo Alberto Duhalde (; born 5 October 1941) is an Argentine Peronist politician who served as the interim President of Argentina from January 2002 to May 2003. He also served as Vice President and Governor of Buenos Aires in the 1990s. Bo ...

, Fernando De la Rua and Nestor Kirchner, President

Cristina Fernandez Cristina is a female given name, and it is also a surname. Notable people with the name include: Given name * Cristina (daughter of Edward the Exile), 11th-century English princess *Cristina (singer), Cristina Monet-Palaci (1956–2020), American ...

was unable to attend because they were in the G-20 London but sent its condolences. The next day they were taken to a military gun carriage escorted by the Mounted Grenadiers Regiment at

Recoleta Cemetery La Recoleta Cemetery ( es, Cementerio de la Recoleta) is a cemetery located in the Recoleta neighbourhood of Buenos Aires, Argentina. It contains the graves of notable people, including Eva Perón, presidents of Argentina, Nobel Prize winner ...

Buenos Aires Buenos Aires ( or ; ), officially the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires ( es, link=no, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires), is the capital and primate city of Argentina. The city is located on the western shore of the Río de la Plata, on South ...

. The remains of former president rested temporarily in the vault of the fallen in the Revolution of the Park until 16 May were transferred to a single monument in the cemetery in a place built of gray and beige marble, where there is a cross on top and a bright stained glass by entering a glimmer.

's former

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university * President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...

and Secretary General of UNASUR, Néstor Kirchner, died of heart failure on the morning of 27 October 2010 at the Jose Formenti hospital in El Calafate, Santa Cruz Province at the age of 60. Although there was some effort made to revive him, it did not do so His wife,

Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, was present with him when he died. He was also expected to run for president in 2011.

Barbados

A state funeral was held on November 3, 2010, in

Bridgetown Bridgetown ( UN/LOCODE: BB BGI) is the capital and largest city of Barbados. Formerly The Town of Saint Michael, the Greater Bridgetown area is located within the parish of Saint Michael. Bridgetown is sometimes locally referred to as "The ...

for former Barbados Prime Minister David Thompson.

Brazil

State funerals were held for the President-elect of Brazil, Tancredo Neves, who died before taking office. The former Vice President of Brazil, José Alencar, was also buried with a head of state's honor, after his passing due to cancer. Other than heads of state, personalities such as the Formula 1 racing champion Ayrton Senna, dead in 1994 after a crash during a race, and the architect

Oscar Niemeyer Oscar Ribeiro de Almeida Niemeyer Soares Filho (15 December 1907 – 5 December 2012), known as Oscar Niemeyer (), was a Brazilian architect considered to be one of the key figures in the development of modern architecture. Niemeyer was ...

, who died in 2012 at the age of 104, among others.

Canada

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by to ...

, state funerals are public events held to commemorate the memory of present and former governors general, present and former prime ministers, sitting members of the Ministry (the

Privy Council A privy council is a body that advises the head of state of a state, typically, but not always, in the context of a monarchic government. The word "privy" means "private" or "secret"; thus, a privy council was originally a committee of the mo ...

) and other prominent Canadians at the discretion of the Prime Minister. With ceremonial, military, and religious elements incorporated, state funerals are offered and executed by the

Government of Canada The government of Canada (french: gouvernement du Canada) is the body responsible for the federal administration of Canada. A constitutional monarchy, the Crown is the corporation sole, assuming distinct roles: the executive, as the ''Crown-i ...

which provides a dignified manner for the Canadian people to mourn a national public figure. In 2006, the House of Commons voted unanimously, on a motion introduced by the NDP, to hold a state funeral when the last Canadian veteran of the First World War died. However, John Babcock, after becoming the last surviving veteran, stated that he did not feel the need to be honoured in such a way. In August 2011, in a rare circumstance, Prime Minister Stephen Harper offered a state funeral for his political adversary and Leader of the Opposition, Jack Layton. Layton died of cancer three months after his New Democratic Party became the official opposition, for the first time in his party's history. In 2014, former finance minister Jim Flaherty received a state funeral after his death.

Dominica

Crispin Sorhaindo Crispin Anselm Sorhaindo OBE (23 May 1931 – 10 January 2010) was the fourth President of Dominica. He served from 25 October 1993 until 5 October 1998. Early life Sorhaindo was born in 1931 in the village of Vieille Case. He attended the Vieill ...

, former President of Dominica, was given a state funeral on January 18, 2010, in

Roseau Roseau ( Dominican Creole: ''Wozo'') is the capital and largest city of Dominica, with a population of 14,725 as of 2011. It is a small and compact urban settlement, in the Saint George parish and surrounded by the Caribbean Sea, the Roseau R ...

Ecuador

On November 16, 2016, the state funeral of former President of Ecuador Sixto Durán Ballén was held in Quito.

Grenada

On March 16, 2012, a state funeral was held in St. George's for former Grenadian Prime Minister George Ignatius Brizan.

Jamaica

Legendary

reggae Reggae () is a music genre that originated in Jamaica in the late 1960s. The term also denotes the modern popular music of Jamaica and its diaspora. A 1968 single by Toots and the Maytals, " Do the Reggay" was the first popular song to use ...

singer

Bob Marley Robert Nesta Marley (6 February 1945 – 11 May 1981; baptised in 1980 as Berhane Selassie) was a Jamaican singer, musician, and songwriter. Considered one of the pioneers of reggae, his musical career was marked by fusing elements ...

received a state funeral in Jamaica on 21 May 1981, which combined elements of Ethiopian Orthodoxy and Rastafari tradition. On July 18, 2004, a state funeral was held for former Jamaican Prime Minister Hugh Shearer in Kingston. On June 23, 2019, a state funeral was held for former Jamaican Prime Minister

Edward Philip George Seaga Edward Philip George Seaga ( or ; 28 May 1930 – 28 May 2019) was a Jamaican politician. He was the fifth Prime Minister of Jamaica, from 1980 to 1989, and the leader of the Jamaica Labour Party from 1974 to 2005.Kingston. He was the fifth Prime Minister of

Jamaica Jamaica (; ) is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea. Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the Caribbean (after Cuba and Hispaniola). Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, and west of Hispa ...

, from 1980 to 1989, and the leader of the Jamaica Labour Party from 1974 to 2005.

Mexico

Novelist Carlos Fuentes received a state funeral on May 16, 2012, with his funeral cortege briefly stopping traffic in Mexico City. The ceremony was held in the

Palacio de Bellas Artes The Palacio de Bellas Artes (Palace of Fine Arts) is a prominent cultural center in Mexico City. It has hosted notable events in music, dance, theatre, opera and literature in Mexico and has held important exhibitions of painting, sculpture and p ...

and was attended by President Felipe Calderón. State funerals have also been held for former Mexican presidents. Traditionally, the final funeral services for a former Mexican president is held at either the Mexico City Metropolitan Cathedral or Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe. The services are attended by the former president's family, the current

President of Mexico The president of Mexico ( es, link=no, Presidente de México), officially the president of the United Mexican States ( es, link=no, Presidente de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos), is the head of state and head of government of Mexico. Under the ...

, the

Head of Government of Mexico City The Head of Government ( es, Jefe de Gobierno) wields the executive power in Mexico City. The Head of Government serves a six-year term, running concurrently with that of the President of the Republic. Mexico City, or CDMX, is the seat of nat ...

and their families, foreign heads of state or their representatives (usually a foreign ambassador, vice president,

prime minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is ...

or premier), military officials, Senators and Deputies, and other dignitaries. The principal celebrant of the service is usually the Archbishop of Mexico City, and traditionally the President and the Head of Government of Mexico City both deliver the final eulogies and remarks. On the days leading to a Presidential state funeral, the Mexican flags are at half-mast, and the Olympic cauldron at

Estadio Olimpico Universitario A stadium ( : stadiums or stadia) is a place or venue for (mostly) outdoor sports, concerts, or other events and consists of a field or stage either partly or completely surrounded by a tiered structure designed to allow spectators to stand o ...

is lit until the funeral services have ended, when it is extinguished. The day of the Presidential funeral, if held in

Mexico City Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital and largest city of Mexico, and the most populous city in North America. One of the world's alpha cities, it is located in the Valley o ...

, is usually the national day of mourning; there is no mail to be delivered on that day, all schools and colleges in Mexico City are closed, and all television and motion picture studios in Mexico City, and with them the studios of Televisa,

TV Azteca TV Azteca, S.A.B. de C.V. is a Mexican multimedia conglomerate owned by Grupo Salinas. It is the second-largest mass media company in Mexico after Televisa. It primarily competes with Televisa as well as some local operators. It owns two natio ...

, Imagen Televisión and Multimedios Televisión within the capital and their affiliates across Mexico, alongside those of state-owned Canal Catorce and

Canal del Congreso The Canal de Televisión del Congreso de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos (''Television Channel of the Congress of the United Mexican States''), shortened to Canal del Congreso (''Congress Channel''), is a television channel in Mexico that broadcasts ...

, and public television networks Channel 11, TV UNAM and Educational Television of Mexico, are closed to audiences and tours. All business, including shopping centers and entertainment facilities, in Mexico City are closed for the day; stores and theaters that are part of regional and national retail and theater companies headquartered in Mexico City are also closed nationwide. The most recent Presidential funeral was that of Miguel de la Madrid, which was attended by thousands of dignitaries including President Calderon and Head of Government of the Federal District

Marcelo Ebrard Marcelo Luis Ebrard Casaubón (; born 10 October 1959) is a Mexican politician who is serving as the Secretary of Foreign Affairs of Mexico. Affiliated with the National Regeneration Movement (MORENA) since 2018, he was appointed to lead the f ...

St Lucia

Sir William George Mallet

GCSL The Order of Saint Lucia is an order of chivalry established in 1986 by Elizabeth II. The Order comprises seven classes. In decreasing order of seniority, these are: * ''Grand Cross of the Order of Saint Lucia'' (GCSL) * ''Knight/Dame Commande ...

GCMG CBE (July 24, 1923 – October 20, 2010) received a state funeral on October 28, 2010, in the capital

Castries Castries is the capital and largest city of Saint Lucia, an island country in the Caribbean. The urban area has a population of approximately 20,000, while the eponymous district has a population of 70,000, as at May 2013. The city stretches ...

. Mallet was a politician who held a number of high offices in Saint Lucia, one of the Windward Islands of the Lesser Antilles in the Eastern Caribbean. On June 1, 1996, "Sir George" was appointed to the office of

Governor-General of St Lucia Governor-general (plural ''governors-general''), or governor general (plural ''governors general''), is the title of an office-holder. In the context of governors-general and former British colonies, governors-general are appointed as viceroy t ...

The Bahamas

On September 4, 2000, a state funeral was held in

Nassau Nassau may refer to: Places Bahamas *Nassau, Bahamas, capital city of the Bahamas, on the island of New Providence Canada *Nassau District, renamed Home District, regional division in Upper Canada from 1788 to 1792 *Nassau Street (Winnipeg), ...

for former Bahamian Prime Minister Sir Lynden Pindling. On January 5, 2012, a state funeral was held in Nassau for former Bahamian Governor-General Sir

Clifford Darling Sir Clifford Darling (6 February 1922 – 27 December 2011) was the fifth governor-general of the Bahamas from 2 January 1992 until his retirement on 2 January 1995, where he was succeeded by Sir Orville Turnquest. Life Darling, who was bor ...

United States

Photograph of the caisson bearing the flag-draped casket of President John F

In the

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country Continental United States, primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., ...

, state funerals are held in the nation's capital, Washington, D.C., and involve military spectacle, ceremonial pomp, and religious observance. As the highest possible honor bestowed upon a person

posthumously Posthumous may refer to: * Posthumous award - an award, prize or medal granted after the recipient's death * Posthumous publication Posthumous publication refers to material that is published after the author's death. This can be because the auth ...

, state funerals are an entitlement offered to a sitting or former

President of the United States The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the Federal government of the United States#Executive branch, executive branch of the Federal gove ...

, a President-elect, as well as other people designated by the President. Administered by the

Military District of Washington The United States Army Military District of Washington (MDW) is one of nineteen major commands of the United States Army. Its headquarters are located at Fort Lesley J. McNair in Washington, D.C. The missions of the units in the Military Distr ...

(MDW), state funerals are greatly influenced by

, steeped in

tradition A tradition is a belief or behavior (folk custom) passed down within a group or society with symbolic meaning or special significance with origins in the past. A component of cultural expressions and folklore, common examples include holidays or ...

, and rich in

history History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term comprising past events as well ...

. However, the overall planning as well as the decision to hold a state funeral, is largely determined by the President before his death and the

First Family First Family is an unofficial title for the family of a republic's head of state. A first family usually consists of: the head of state, the first spouse and their children. Related terms The term ''second family'' is often used to refer to ...

. State funerals have been held in Washington D.C. for

William Henry Harrison William Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773April 4, 1841) was an American military officer and politician who served as the ninth president of the United States. Harrison died just 31 days after his inauguration in 1841, and had the shortest pres ...

(1841),

Zachary Taylor Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850) was an American military leader who served as the 12th president of the United States from 1849 until his death in 1850. Taylor was a career officer in the United States Army, rising to th ...

(1850),

Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln ( ; February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American lawyer, politician, and statesman who served as the 16th president of the United States from 1861 until his assassination in 1865. Lincoln led the nation throu ...

(1865), Thaddeus Stevens (1868), James A. Garfield (1881),

William McKinley William McKinley (January 29, 1843September 14, 1901) was the 25th president of the United States, serving from 1897 until his assassination in 1901. As a politician he led a realignment that made his Republican Party largely dominant in t ...

(1901), Warren G. Harding (1923), the Unknown Soldier of

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...

(1921), William Howard Taft (1930), John J. Pershing (1948), the Unknown Soldiers of

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...

and the

Korean War {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Korean War , partof = the Cold War and the Korean conflict , image = Korean War Montage 2.png , image_size = 300px , caption = Clockwise from top:{ ...

(1958), John F. Kennedy (1963),

Douglas MacArthur Douglas MacArthur (26 January 18805 April 1964) was an American military leader who served as General of the Army for the United States, as well as a field marshal to the Philippine Army. He had served with distinction in World War I, was ...

(1964),

Herbert Hoover Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964) was an American politician who served as the 31st president of the United States from 1929 to 1933 and a member of the Republican Party, holding office during the onset of the Gre ...

(1964), Dwight D. Eisenhower (1969), Lyndon B. Johnson (1973), Ronald Reagan (2004), Gerald Ford (2006-2007), George H. W. Bush (2018), and

Ruth Bader Ginsburg Joan Ruth Bader Ginsburg ( ; ; March 15, 1933September 18, 2020) was an American lawyer and jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1993 until her death in 2020. She was nominated by Presiden ...

(2020). The first woman to lie in state in the Capitol was Ruth Bader Ginsburg in 2020.

Asia and Oceania

Australia

In Australia, Commonwealth (federal) state funerals are generally offered to former or deceased governors-general, prime ministers and long-serving members of the

Parliament of Australia The Parliament of Australia (officially the Federal Parliament, also called the Commonwealth Parliament) is the legislative branch of the government of Australia. It consists of three elements: the monarch (represented by the governor- ...

. In rare occasions a Commonwealth state funeral is offered to people outside politics but who made a significant contribution to the nation, for example Sir Douglas Mawson was granted a Commonwealth state funeral in 1958. A Commonwealth state funeral was offered for

Margaret Whitlam Margaret Elaine Whitlam, AO (née Dovey; 19 November 1919 – 17 March 2012) was an Australian social campaigner, author, and athlete. She was the wife of Gough Whitlam, the 21st Prime Minister of Australia from 1972 to 1975, and a represent ...

but the Whitlam family declined. Steve Irwin was offered a state funeral after his death in 2006 but his family declined, opting for a private ceremony. Military state funerals are offered to former senior officers of the Australian Defence Force, for example Field Marshall Sir

Thomas Blamey Field Marshal Sir Thomas Albert Blamey, (24 January 1884 – 27 May 1951) was an Australian general of the First and Second World Wars, and the only Australian to attain the rank of field marshal. Blamey joined the Australian Army as a regul ...

, and sometimes given to governors-general, prime ministers, state governors and state premiers who had previous military service. The Unknown Soldier was given a Commonwealth military state funeral on 11 November 1993 before being interred in the Hall of Memory at the Australian War Memorial. In the early years of the 21st century, military state funerals were offered to the last few

veterans.

New South Wales

State funerals held in NSW are subject to a policy operated since 1966.

Governor A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political ...

s, Chief Justices, premiers, and long-term ministers are generally offered a state funeral. However the premier of NSW can offer such a service for those determined to be distinguished citizens of NSW. For example, soccer player Johnny Warren was given a state funeral in NSW. Where the family of the dead person does not wish to have a state funeral, the offer of a state memorial service will be considered. Some former governors who had previous military service were given military state funerals, for example Rear Admiral Sir

David Martin David or Dave Martin may refer to: Entertainment *David Martin (artist) (1737–1797), Scottish painter and engraver *David Stone Martin (1913–1992), American artist *David Martin (poet) (1915–1997), Hungarian-Australian poet and novelist *Dav ...

and Air Marshal Sir James Rowland. On 27 November 2007,

Bernie Banton Bernard Douglas Banton AM (13 October 1946 – 27 November 2007) was an Australian social justice campaigner. He was the widely recognized face of the legal and political campaign to achieve compensation for the many sufferers of asbestos-relat ...

, a campaigner for asbestos victims who worked for James Hardie, lost his battle with mesothelioma, an

asbestos Asbestos () is a naturally occurring fibrous silicate mineral. There are six types, all of which are composed of long and thin fibrous crystals, each fibre being composed of many microscopic "fibrils" that can be released into the atmosphere b ...

-related disease. His family was offered a state funeral by NSW premier Morris Iemma.

Queensland

Current and former Governors, Premiers, deputy premiers, speakers of the Legislative Assembly, chief justices of the Supreme Court, presidents of the Court of Appeal and current members of the Executive Council are automatically eligible for a state funeral. It is the prerogative of the premier of the day to offer a state funeral to other prominent Queenslanders. A state funeral was offered for TV celebrity Steve Irwin in September 2006, but his family declined the offer.

Victoria

State funerals are generally offered to former governors, premiers and other senior public officials. At the discretion of the premier, a state funeral can be offered to other prominent Victorians; for example, broadcaster Peter Evans (1985), Australian Rules football player

Ted Whitten Edward James Whitten Sr. OAM (27 July 1933 – 17 August 1995) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the Footscray Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL). Born and raised into a working-class family in Footscray, Wh ...

(1995), race-car driver

Peter Brock Peter Geoffrey Brock (26 February 1945 – 8 September 2006), known as "Peter Perfect", "The King of the Mountain", or simply "Brocky", was an Australian motor racing driver. Brock was most often associated with Holden for almost 40 years, ...

(2006), actor Charles 'Bud' Tingwell (2009), Australian Rules football player and charity worker Jim Stynes (2012), Australian Rules football player and media personality

Lou Richards Lewis Thomas Charles "Lou" Richards, (15 March 1923 – 8 May 2017) was an Australian rules footballer who played 250 games for the Collingwood Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL) between 1941 and 1955. He captained the team ...

(2017), and cricketer Shane Warne (2022). A state funeral was also offered to the family of the Seekers' singer Judith Durham (2022), which was accepted.

Olivia Newton-John Dame Olivia Newton-John (26 September 1948 – 8 August 2022) was a British-Australian singer, actress and activist. She was a four-time Grammy Awards, Grammy Award winner whose music career included 15 top-ten singles, including 5 number-one s ...

was offered a state funeral following her death on 8 August 2022. Her family have accepted the offer. Explorers Robert O'Hara Burke and William John Wills received Victoria's first (and Australia's second) state funeral on 21 January 1863.

South Australia

State funerals are generally offered to former Governors, Premiers, Deputy Premiers, Speakers of the House of Assembly, Chief Justices and other senior public officials. Surveyor General Lieutenant Colonel William Light (1786–1839) received South Australia's, and Australia's, first state funeral on 10 October 1839. The funeral procession commenced from his home at Theberton hebarton passed through the Adelaide Park Lands to a service in Holy Trinity Church, North Terrace, Adelaide, and thence to burial in

Light Square Light Square, also known as Wauwi (formerly Wauwe), is one of five public squares in the Adelaide city centre. Located in the centre of the north-western quarter of the Adelaide city centre, its southern boundary is Waymouth Street, while Curri ...

, with military honours.

Western Australia

The offer of a state funeral is a decision of the Cabinet.

Tasmania

State funerals are generally offered to former Governors, Premiers, Deputy Premiers, Speakers of the

House of Assembly House of Assembly is a name given to the legislature or lower house of a bicameral parliament. In some countries this may be at a subnational level. Historically, in British Crown colonies A Crown colony or royal colony was a colony adm ...

, Chief Justices and other senior public officials.

Australian Capital Territory

The offer of a state funeral is at the discretion of the Chief Minister. People who have received state funerals include former chief minister

Trevor Kaine Trevor Thomas Kaine (17 February 1928 – 3 June 2008), was an Australian politician who served as Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory from 1989 to 1991. Kaine was elected into a multi-member single electorate in the unicameral ...

, Supreme Court judge

Terry Connolly Terence (Terry) Connolly (14 February 1958 – 25 September 2007) was an Australian politician and judge. Early years The son of an Irish bricklayer, Connolly was born in Adelaide and graduated with a Bachelor of Laws and Bachelor of Arts (both ...

and former chairman of the Canberra Commercial Development Authority Jim Pead.

Azerbaijan

A state funeral was held for President

Heydar Aliyev Heydar Alirza oghlu Aliyev ( az, Һејдәр Әлирза оғлу Әлијев, italic=no, Heydər Əlirza oğlu Əliyev, ; , ; 10 May 1923 – 12 December 2003) was a Soviet and Azerbaijani politician who served as the third president of Azer ...

in 2003. Former president

Abulfaz Elchibey Abulfaz Elchibey ( az, Əbülfəz Elçibəy; 24 June 1938, in Nakhchivan – 22 August 2000, in Ankara) was an Azerbaijani political figure and a former Soviet dissident. His real name was Abulfaz Gadirgulu oghlu Aliyev (Azerbaijani: ''Əbülf� ...

was also accorded a state funeral upon his death.

Cambodia

Cambodia held state funerals for the following people: * King Norodom Suramarit (1960) * King Norodom Sihanouk (2012)

Republic of China

According to the Act of State Funeral (1948), state funerals are declared by presidential order after a majority vote in the Legislative Yuan. The national flag shall be flown at half-mast on the day of the state funeral. State funerals (or equivalent) were arranged for the following persons: ;By the Parliament of the Republic of China * Cai E (1917) *

Huang Xing Huang Xing or Huang Hsing (; 25 October 1874 – 31 October 1916) was a Chinese revolutionary leader and politician, and the first commander-in-chief of the Republic of China. As one of the founders of the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Republic o ...

(15 April 1917) *

Sun Yat-sen Sun Yat-sen (; also known by several other names; 12 November 1866 – 12 March 1925)Singtao daily. Saturday edition. 23 October 2010. section A18. Sun Yat-sen Xinhai revolution 100th anniversary edition . was a Chinese politician who serve ...

(1 June 1929) ;By the Canton Military Government * Cheng Biguang (2 March 1918) * Li Zhonglin (1920) * Lin Xiumei (1921) * Wu Tingfang (3 December 1924) *

Liao Zhongkai Liao Zhongkai (April 23, 1877 – August 20, 1925) was a Chinese-American Kuomintang leader and financier. He was the principal architect of the first Kuomintang–Chinese Communist Party (KMT–CCP) United Front in the 1920s. He was assassina ...

(August 1925, 1935) ;By the Nanking Nationalist Government * Tan Yankai (1930) * Lu Shidi (1930) * Li Yuanhong (1935) * Duan Qirui (2 November 1936) * Hu Hanmin (17 June 1936) *

Shao Yuanchong Shao Yuanchong (; 1890 – 14 December 1936) was a founding member of the Xinhai Revolution and a politician of the Republic of China. He served as the vice president of the Legislative Yuan and the mayor of Hangchow and was one of the authors o ...

(9 March 1937) *

Zhu Peide Zhu or ZHU may refer to: *Zhu (surname), common Chinese surnames * Zhu River, or Pearl River, in southern China * Zhu (state), ancient Chinese state, later renamed Zou *House of Zhu, the ruling house of the Ming dynasty in Chinese history * Zhu (s ...

(13 March 1937) * Tang Jiyao (25 December 1937) * Liu Xiang (14 February 1938) * Xie Chi (6 May 1939) *

Lin Sen Lin Sen (; 16 March 1868 – 1 August 1943), courtesy name Tze-chao (子超), sobriquet Chang-jen (長仁), was a Chinese politician who served as Chairman of the National Government of the Republic of China from 1931 until his death. Early li ...

(August 1943) * Cai Yuanpei (10 May 1947) *

Zhang Zizhong Zhang Zizhong (; August 11, 1891 – May 16, 1940) was a general of the Chinese National Revolutionary Army (NRA) during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Born in Linqing, Shandong, he was the highest-ranked officer and the only Army group commander ...

(28 May 1940) *

Tong Linge Tong Linge (; 29 October 1892–28 July 1937) or Tung Ling-ko of Manchu ethnicity was the Deputy Commander of the Chinese 29th Army in 1937 during the Marco Polo Bridge Incident and Battle of Beiping-Tianjin. Formerly a soldier of the Northwest ...

(28 July 1946) * Bo Wenwei, Chen Qimei,

Zhang Ji Zhang Ji may refer to: * Zhang Ji (Han dynasty) (張濟) (died 196), official under the warlord Dong Zhuo * Zhang Zhongjing (150–219), formal name Zhang Ji (張機), Han dynasty physician * Zhang Ji (Derong) (張既) (died 223), general of Cao Wei ...

, Hao Mengling,

Li Jiayu Li Jiayu () (April 25, 1892 – May 21, 1944) was a KMT general from Sichuan who was killed during the Second Sino-Japanese War. A veteran of the Xinhai Revolution and the Second Revolution, he served as a regimental officer in the 6th Brigade ...

, Qin Zhen (19 May 1948) * Dai Jitao (April 1949) ;By the Government of Republic of China (Taiwan) *

Hu Shih Hu Shih (; 17 December 1891 – 24 February 1962), also known as Hu Suh in early references, was a Chinese diplomat, essayist, literary scholar, philosopher, and politician. Hu is widely recognized today as a key contributor to Chinese libera ...

(1962) *

Chen Cheng Chen Cheng (; ; January 4, 1898 – March 5, 1965) was a Chinese political and military leader, and one of the main commanders of the National Revolutionary Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Chinese Civil War. After movi ...

(1965) * Chiang Kai-shek (1975) * Chiang Ching-kuo (1988) * Yen Chia-kan (22 January 1994) * Teresa Teng (28 May 1995) * 8 soldiers who died in the UH-1 tragedy (11 April 2007) * 8 soldiers who died in 2020 ROCAF UH-60M crash, including Shen Yi-ming (14 January 2020) * Lee Teng-hui (7 October 2020)

Hong Kong

British Hong Kong

Prior to 1997, in British Hong Kong,

Edward Youde Sir Edward Youde (; Cantonese: ''Yau Tak''; 19 June 1924 – 5 December 1986) was a British administrator, diplomat and Sinologist. He served as Governor of Hong Kong between 20 May 1982 and his death on 5 December 1986. Early years Youde ...

was given Hong Kong's first state funeral in 1986. The casket was carried by ten guardsmen, draped in the Union Flag, and a 17-gun salute from HMS Tamar (shore station) was fired. The funeral was exceptionally well attended.

Hong Kong post-1997

Since 1997, only three people in Hong Kong have been allowed to have the

flag of the People's Republic of China The National Flag of the People's Republic of China, also known as the Five-star Red Flag, is a Chinese red field with five golden stars charged at the canton. The design features one large star, with four smaller stars in an arc set off to ...

draped on their coffin during their funeral: * Mr.

Ann Tse-kai Ann Tse-kai ( also known as T.K. Ann; 26 June 1912 – 3 June 2000) was a Hong Kong industrialist, legislator and sinologist. He was the author of ''Cracking the Chinese Puzzles'', a textbook on Chinese characters. Ann lived in Hong Kong and ...

(2000)—

Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a List of cities in China, city and Special administrative regions of China, special ...

- former Legislative Council, Executive Council of Hong Kong, Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Basic Law Committee, Hong Kong Affairs Advisor * Wong Ker-lee (2004) - Hong Kong business man, founder of Winco Paper Products * Henry Fok Ying-tung (2006)—

Beijing } Beijing ( ; ; ), Chinese postal romanization, alternatively romanized as Peking ( ), is the Capital city, capital of the China, People's Republic of China. It is the center of power and development of the country. Beijing is the world's Li ...

and

; Hong Kong businessman Funerals using a SAR flag are not deemed state funerals in Hong Kong. The government provides funerals for fallen uniform service members. Flags of the specific service or the SAR flag maybe used on the coffin. Hong Kong Police Band may lead the procession as part the funeral ceremony and escort maybe provided by Hong Kong Police to final resting place at

Gallant Garden Gallant Garden (), in Wo Hop Shek Public Cemetery at Wo Hop Shek, Hong Kong, was established in November 1996 for civil servants who lost their lives on duty. In 2000, permanent earth burial was extended to both civil servants and non-civil serva ...

, a cemetery reserved for civil servants who died on duty.

India

In India, State funerals were initially reserved only for current and former Presidents, Prime Ministers, Union ministers and State Chief Ministers. And the decision to accord a state funeral rested initially with the union government. But laws have been changed such that the state government can now decide who will be given a state funeral, depending on the stature of the deceased. If the union government has decided for a state funeral then following procedures will be applied to all over India, else if the state government has declared a state funeral then it applies only to the state. The government takes into consideration the contribution made by the person to the state in various fields like politics, literature, law, science and arts. The chief minister of the concerned state takes a decision after consultations with other cabinet ministers. Once a decision is taken on the issue, it is conveyed to senior police officials including the deputy commissioner, the police commissioner and the superintendent of police, who have to make all the arrangements for a state funeral. During a State funeral, * A state mourning or National day of mourning is officially declared. * The national flag is flown at half mast as per the Flag Code of India. This decision solely lies with the

President of India The president of India ( IAST: ) is the head of state of the Republic of India. The president is the nominal head of the executive, the first citizen of the country, as well as the commander-in-chief of the Indian Armed Forces. Droupadi Murm ...

, who also decides the period for which flag is to be flown at half mast. * A public holiday is declared. * The deceased person's bier or coffin is draped with the national flag with saffron towards the head of the bier or coffin while lying in state. The flag should not be lowered into the grave or burnt in the pyre. * The deceased is honored with a gun salute when being buried or cremated. State funerals were organized for the following individuals (listed by category roughly according to their standing in the

Indian order of precedence The order of precedence of the Republic of India is a list in which the functionaries, dignitaries and officials are listed for ceremonial purposes and has no legal standing and does not reflect the Indian presidential line of succession or the c ...

): ;Presidents of India (died in office): *

Dr. Zakir Hussain (8 February 1897 – 3 May 1969) known as Dr. Zakir Husain, was an Indian educationist and politician who served as President of India from 13 May 1967 until his death on 3 May 1969. Born into an Afridi Pashtun family in Hyderabad, Husa ...

(1969) * Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed (1977) ;Vice Presidents of India (died in office): * Krishan Kant (2002) ;Prime Ministers of India (died in office): *

Jawaharlal Nehru Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru (; ; ; 14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964) was an Indian Anti-colonial nationalism, anti-colonial nationalist, secular humanist, social democrat— * * * * and author who was a central figure in India du ...

(1964) *

Lal Bahadur Shastri Lal Bahadur Shastri (; 2 October 1904 – 11 January 1966) was an Indian politician and statesman who served as the 2nd Prime Minister of India from 1964 to 1966 and 6th Home Minister of India from 1961 to 1963. He promoted the White Re ...

(1966) *

Indira Gandhi Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (; ''née'' Nehru; 19 November 1917 – 31 October 1984) was an Indian politician and a central figure of the Indian National Congress. She was elected as third prime minister of India in 1966 and was al ...

(1984) ;Former Presidents of India: * Rajendra Prasad (1963) *

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (; 15 October 193127 July 2015) was an Indian aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. He was born and raised in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu and studied phy ...

(2015) *

Pranab Mukherjee Dr. Pranab Mukherjee (11 December 193531 August 2020) was an Indian politician and statesman who served as the 13th president of India from 2012 until 2017. In a political career spanning five decades, Mukherjee was a senior leader in the Indi ...

(2020) ;Former Prime Ministers of India: * Charan Singh (1987) * Rajiv Gandhi (1991) * Morarji Desai (1995) * Gulzarilal Nanda (1998) *

P. V. Narasimha Rao Pamulaparthi Venkata Narasimha Rao (28 June 1921 – 23 December 2004) was an Indian lawyer, statesman and politician who served as the 9th prime minister of India from 1991 to 1996. He is known for introducing various liberal reforms to Indi ...

(2004) * Chandra Shekhar Singh (2007) *

Vishwanath Pratap Singh Vishwanath Pratap Singh (25 June 1931 – 27 November 2008), shortened to V. P. Singh, was an Indian politician who was the 7th Prime Minister of India from 1989 to 1990 and the 41st Raja Bahadur of Manda. He is India's only prime minister t ...

(2008) * Inder Kumar Gujral (2012) * Atal Bihari Vajpayee (2018) ;Cabinet Ministers of India (died in office) * Ananth Kumar (2018) ;Former Cabinet Ministers of India *

Arun Jaitley Arun Jaitley (28 December 1952 – 24 August 2019) was an Indian politician and attorney. A member of the Bharatiya Janata Party, Jaitley served as the Minister of Finance and Corporate Affairs of the Government of India from 2014 to 2019. Jai ...

(2019) ;Chief Ministers of India (died in office): * Gopinath Bordoloi, Chief Minister of

Assam Assam (; ) is a state in northeastern India, south of the eastern Himalayas along the Brahmaputra and Barak River valleys. Assam covers an area of . The state is bordered by Bhutan and Arunachal Pradesh to the north; Nagaland and Manipur ...

(1950) *

Ravishankar Shukla Ravishankar Shukla (2 August 1877 — 31 December 1956) was a leader of the Indian National Congress, Indian independence movement activist, the Premier of the Central Provinces and Berar from 27 April 1946 to 25 January 1950, first Chief Minist ...

, Chief Minister of

Madhya Pradesh Madhya Pradesh (, ; meaning 'central province') is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal, and the largest city is Indore, with Jabalpur, Ujjain, Gwalior, Sagar, and Rewa being the other major cities. Madhya Pradesh is the second ...

(1956) * Sri Krishna Singh, Chief Minister of

Bihar Bihar (; ) is a state in eastern India. It is the 2nd largest state by population in 2019, 12th largest by area of , and 14th largest by GDP in 2021. Bihar borders Uttar Pradesh to its west, Nepal to the north, the northern part of West ...

(1961) *

Bidhan Chandra Roy Bidhan Chandra Roy (1 July 1882 – 1 July 1962) was an Indian physician, educationist, and statesman who served as Chief Minister of West Bengal from 1948 until his death in 1962. Roy played a key role in the founding of several institutio ...

, Chief Minister of

West Bengal West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabitants within an area of . West Bengal is the fou ...

(1962) * Marotrao Kannamwar, Chief Minister of

Maharastra Maharashtra (; , abbr. MH or Maha) is a state in the western peninsular region of India occupying a substantial portion of the Deccan Plateau. Maharashtra is the second-most populous state in India and the second-most populous country subdivi ...

(1963) *

Balwantrai Mehta Balwantrai Mehta ( – ) was an Indian politician who served as the second Chief Minister of Gujarat state, India. He participated in Indian independence movement and later held various public offices. He is considered as the 'Architect of ''Pa ...

, Chief Minister of

Gujarat Gujarat (, ) is a state along the western coast of India. Its coastline of about is the longest in the country, most of which lies on the Kathiawar peninsula. Gujarat is the fifth-largest Indian state by area, covering some ; and the ninth ...

(1965) * C. N. Annadurai, Chief Minister of

Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu (; , TN) is a state in southern India. It is the tenth largest Indian state by area and the sixth largest by population. Its capital and largest city is Chennai. Tamil Nadu is the home of the Tamil people, whose Tamil language ...

(1969) * Dayanand Bandodkar, Chief Minister of Goa (1973) *

Barkatullah Khan Barkatullah Khan (25 October 1920 – 11 October 1973) was a politician from Indian state of Rajasthan and a leader of Indian National Congress party. He was elected to the state assembly from Tijara in 1972 He was Chief Minister of Raj ...

, Chief Minister of

Rajasthan Rajasthan (; lit. 'Land of Kings') is a state in northern India. It covers or 10.4 per cent of India's total geographical area. It is the largest Indian state by area and the seventh largest by population. It is on India's northwestern ...

(1973) * Sheikh Abdullah, Chief Minister of

Jammu and Kashmir Jammu and Kashmir may refer to: * Kashmir, the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent * Jammu and Kashmir (union territory), a region administered by India as a union territory * Jammu and Kashmir (state), a region administered ...

(1982) * M. G. Ramachandran, Chief Minister of

(1987) *

Chimanbhai Patel Chimanbhai Patel (3 June 1929 – 17 February 1994) was an Indian politician associated with Indian National Congress and Janata Dal, and a former Chief Minister of Gujarat state in India representing both those parties at various times. Patel ...

, Chief Minister of

(1994) * Beant Singh, Chief Minister of

Punjab Punjab (; Punjabi Language, Punjabi: پنجاب ; ਪੰਜਾਬ ; ; also Romanization, romanised as ''Panjāb'' or ''Panj-Āb'') is a geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in South Asia, specifically in the northern part of the I ...

(1995) *

Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy (8 July 1949 – 2 September 2009), popularly known as YSR, was the 14th chief minister of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, serving from 2004 to 2009. Reddy was elected to the 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12 ...

, Chief Minister of Erstwhile

Andhra Pradesh Andhra Pradesh (, abbr. AP) is a state in the south-eastern coastal region of India. It is the seventh-largest state by area covering an area of and tenth-most populous state with 49,386,799 inhabitants. It is bordered by Telangana to the ...

(2009) *

Dorjee Khandu Dorjee Khandu (19 March 1955 – 30 April 2011) was an Indian politician who served as Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh. He was re elected in 2009 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly elections. Personal life ;Early life Dorjee Khandu was b ...

, Chief Minister of

Arunachal Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh (, ) is a state in Northeastern India. It was formed from the erstwhile North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA) region, and became a state on 20 February 1987. It borders the states of Assam and Nagaland to the south. It shares ...

(2011) * Mufti Mohammad Sayeed, Chief Minister of

Jammu and Kashmir (state) Jammu and Kashmir was a region formerly administered by India as a state from 1952 to 2019, constituting the southern and southeastern portion of the larger Kashmir region, which has been the subject of a dispute between India, Pakistan an ...

(2016) *

J. Jayalalithaa Jayaram Jayalalithaa (24 February 1948 – 5 December 2016) was an Indian politician and actress who served as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu for more than fourteen years over six terms between 1991 and 2016. From 9 February 1989 to 5 December 2 ...

, Chief Minister of

(2016) * Manohar Parrikar, Chief Minister of Goa (2019) ;Former Chief Ministers of India: *

P. S. Kumaraswamy Raja Poosapati Sanjeevi Kumaraswamy Raja (8 July 1898 – 16 March 1957) was an Indian politician who served as the last Chief Minister of Madras Presidency from 6 April 1949 to 26 January 1950 and first Chief Minister of Madras State from 26 Janua ...

, Former Chief Minister of

(1957) * Tanguturi Prakasam, Former Chief Minister of

(1957) *

O. P. Ramaswamy Reddiyar Omandur Ramasamy Reddiyar (1 February 1895 – 25 August 1970) was an Indian freedom-fighter and politician of the Indian National Congress. He served as the Premier of Madras Presidency from 23 March 1947 to 6 April 1949. Early life Oma ...

, Former Chief Minister of

(1970) * C. Rajagopalachari, Former Chief Minister of

and last

Governor-General of India The Governor-General of India (1773–1950, from 1858 to 1947 the Viceroy and Governor-General of India, commonly shortened to Viceroy of India) was the representative of the monarch of the United Kingdom and after Indian independence in 1 ...

from 1948 to 1950 (1972) *

K. Kamaraj Kumaraswami Kamaraj (15 July 1903 – 2 October 1975, hinduonnet.com. 15–28 September 2001), popularly known as Kamarajar was an Indian independence activist and politician who served as the Chief Minister of Madras State (Tamil Nadu) ...

, Former Chief Minister of

(1975) * M. Bhaktavatsalam, Former Chief Minister of

(1987) * N. T. Rama Rao, Former Chief Minister of

(1996) *

E. K. Mawlong Evansius Kek Mawlong (1 February 1946 – 18 October 2008) was an Indian politician who served as the Chief Minister of Meghalaya from 8 March 2000, until 8 December 2001. He was the main architect in the formation of the United Democratic Party ...

, Former Chief Minister of

Meghalaya Meghalaya (, or , meaning "abode of clouds"; from Sanskrit , "cloud" + , "abode") is a state in northeastern India. Meghalaya was formed on 21 January 1972 by carving out two districts from the state of Assam: (a) the United Khasi Hills and J ...

(2008) * Jyoti Basu, Former Chief Minister of

(2010) *

M. Karunanidhi Muthuvel Karunanidhi (3 June 1924 – 7 August 2018) was an Indian writer and politician who served as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu for almost two decades over five terms between 1969 and 2011. He was popularly referred to as Kalaignar (Art ...

, Former Chief Minister of

(2018) * N. D. Tiwari, Former Chief Minister of Uttarakhand (2018) *

Madan Lal Khurana Madan Lal Khurana (15 October 1936 – 27 October 2018) was an Indian politician and former Chief Minister of Delhi from 1993 to 1996. He also served as Governor of Rajasthan in 2004. He was the Union Minister of Parliamentary affairs and Tour ...

, Former Chief Minister of

Delhi Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, primarily its western or right bank, Delhi shares borders w ...

(2018) *

Sheila Dikshit Sheila Dikshit () (née Kapoor; 31 March 1938 – 20 July 2019) was an Indian politician. The longest-serving Chief Minister of Delhi, as well as the longest-serving female chief minister of any Indian state, she served for a period of 15 yea ...

, Former Chief Minister of

(2019) * Sushma Swaraj, Former Chief Minister of

(2019) * Jagannath Mishra, Former Chief Minister of

(2019) *

Babulal Gaur Babulal Gaur Yadav (2 June 1929 – 21 August 2019) was an Indian politician from Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) who served as the 16th Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh. He was elected ten times to the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly, twice f ...

, Former Chief Minister of

(2019) *

Tarun Gogoi Tarun Gogoi (11 October 1936 – 23 November 2020) was an Indian politician who served as the Chief Minister of Assam from 2001 to 2016. He was a member of the Indian National Congress and led the party to a record three consecutive electoral v ...

, Former Chief Minister of

(2020) * Kalyan Singh, Former Chief Minister of

Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh (; , 'Northern Province') is a state in northern India. With over 200 million inhabitants, it is the most populated state in India as well as the most populous country subdivision in the world. It was established in 195 ...

(2021) * Mulayam Singh Yadav, Former Chief Minister of

(2022) ;Former Chief Justices of India: * Y.V. Chandrachud (2008) ;Holders of the Bharat Ratna: *

Mother Teresa Mary Teresa Bojaxhiu, MC (; 26 August 1910 – 5 September 1997), better known as Mother Teresa ( sq, Nënë Tereza), was an Indian-Albanian Catholic nun who, in 1950, founded the Missionaries of Charity. Anjezë Gonxhe Bojaxhiu () was ...

(1997) *

Bhimsen Joshi Pandit Bhimsen Gururaj Joshi BR (; ; 4 February 1922 – 24 January 2011), also known by the honorific prefix Pandit, was one of the greatest Indian vocalists from Karnataka, in the Hindustani classical tradition. He is known for the '' kha ...

(2011) *

Lata Mangeshkar Lata Mangeshkar () (born as Hema Mangeshkar; 28 September 1929 – 06 February 2022) was an Indian playback singer and occasional music composer. She is widely considered to have been the greatest and most influential singers in India. Her con ...

(2022) ;Former Ministers of State *

Gurudas Kamat Gurudas Kamat (5 October 1954 – 22 August 2018) was an Indian politician from the Indian National Congress (INC). An advocate by profession, Kamat was a commerce graduate from R.A. Podar College, Mumbai and has a law degree from the Govern ...

(2018) ;Chief of Defence Staff (died in office) *

General A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air forces, space forces, and marines or naval infantry. In some usages the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". O ...

Bipin Rawat (2021) ;Former Chiefs of Staff of the Indian Armed Forces: * Field Marshal

Sam Manekshaw Field Marshal Sam Hormusji Framji Jamshedji Manekshaw (3 April 1914 – 27 June 2008), widely known as Sam Manekshaw and Sam Bahadur ("Sam the Brave"), was the Chief of the Army Staff of the Indian Army during the Indo-Pakistani War of ...

(2008) * Marshal of the Air Force

Arjan Singh Marshal of the Indian Air Force Arjan Singh, DFC (15 April 1919 – 16 September 2017) was a senior air officer of the Indian Air Force. He served as the 3rd Chief of the Air Staff from 1964 to 1969, leading the Air Force through the Indo-Pa ...

(2017) ;Former cabinet ministers in states *

Nandamuri Harikrishna Nandamuri Harikrishna (2 September 1956 – 29 August 2018) was an Indian actor, producer, and politician. He served as the Member of Parliament in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house the Indian Parliament representing the state of Andhra Pradesh ...

(2018) * K. M. Mani (2019) Other personalities who received a state funeral: *

Mahatma Gandhi Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (; ; 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948), popularly known as Mahatma Gandhi, was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist Quote: "... marks Gandhi as a hybrid cosmopolitan figure who transformed ... anti- ...

(1948) *

Sivaji Ganesan Villupuram Chinnaiya Manrayar Ganesamoorthy, better known by his stage name Sivaji Ganesan, (1 October 1928 – 21 July 2001) was an Indian actor and producer. He was active in Tamil cinema during the latter half of the 20th century. Sivaji G ...

(2001) * Dr Raj Kumar (2006) * Gangubai Hangal (2009) * Sathya Sai Baba (2011) * Bal Thackeray (2012) * Sarabjeet Singh (2013) * Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin (2014) *

Javare Gowda Devegowda Javaregowda (6 July 1915 – 30 May 2016), known as De Ja Gou or simply Javaregowda, was an Indian Kannada writer, folklorist, researcher, scholar and academic. He was disciple of authors T.N. Srikantaiah and Kuvempu. His literary c ...

(2016) * Kishori Amonkar (2017) * Shashi Kapoor (2017) *

Sridevi Shree Amma Yanger Ayyappan (13 August 1963 – 24 February 2018), professionally credited with her stage name Sridevi, was an Indian actress who worked in Telugu, Tamil, Hindi, Malayalam, and Kannada language films. Cited as the "First Fem ...

(2018) * Dada J. P. Vaswani (2018) *

Ajit Wadekar Ajit Laxman Wadekar (; 1 April 1941 – 15 August 2018) was an Indian international cricketer who played for the Indian national team between 1966 and 1974. Described as an "aggressive batsman", Wadekar made his first-class debut in 1958, ...

(2018) *

Shivakumara Swami Shivakumara Swami (born Shivanna; 1 April 1907 – 21 January 2019) was an Indian humanitarian, spiritual leader, educator and supercentenarian. He was a Veerashaiva Lingayat religious figure, he joined the Siddaganga Matha in 1930 Karnataka ...

(2019) *

Vishwesha Teertha Sri Vishwesha Tirtharu, officially known as kn, ಶ್ರೀ ಶ್ರೀ ೧೦೮ ಶ್ರೀ ವಿಶ್ವೇಶತೀರ್ಥ ಶ್ರೀಪಾದಂಗಳವರು (27 April 1931 – 29 December 2019), was an Indian Hindu guru, s ...

(2019) * Pandit Jasraj (2020) *

Bannanje Govindacharya Bannanje Govindacharya (3 August 1936 – 13 December 2020) was an Indian philosopher and Sanskrit scholar versed in Veda Bhashya, Upanishad Bhashya, Mahabharata, Puranas and Ramayana. He wrote Bhashyas (commentaries) on Veda Suktas, Upanishads, S ...

(2020) * Roddam Narasimha (2020) * Vivek (2021) *

Milkha Singh Milkha Singh (20 November 1929 18 June 2021), also known as The Flying Sikh, was an Indian track and field sprinter who was introduced to the sport while serving in the Indian Army. He is the only athlete to win gold at 400 metres at the Asi ...

(2021) *

Dilip Kumar Mohammed Yusuf Khan (; 11 December 1922 – 7 July 2021), better known by his stage name Dilip Kumar, was an Indian actor who worked in Hindi cinema. Credited with pioneering method acting in cinema, he dominated the Indian movie scene from ...

(2021) * Puneeth Rajkumar (2021) * Rahul Bajaj (2022) * Shivkumar Sharma (2022) In the event of death of either the Head of the State or Head of the Government of a foreign country the Indian Mission accredited to that country may fly the national flag at half-mast. In the case of

Pope John Paul II Pope John Paul II ( la, Ioannes Paulus II; it, Giovanni Paolo II; pl, Jan Paweł II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła ; 18 May 19202 April 2005) was the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 until his ...

, India declared a three-day official mourning period.

Indonesia

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Gui ...

, a state funeral is conducted with military protocols and ceremonial process involving the playing of the patriotic song "

Gugur Bunga "Gugur Bunga di Taman Bakti" (''The Fallen Flower in the Garden of Devotion''), better known as "Gugur Bunga", is an Indonesian patriotic song written by Ismail Marzuki in 1945. Written to honor the Indonesian soldiers killed during the Indonesi ...

" and the attendance of high-ranking officials of the government and also ambassadors of foreign countries. A state funeral is conducted when the President, Vice President (in office or former), First Lady, or equivalent has died. A national day of mourning will be announced and the nation will fly the national flag at Half mast. If not requested personally, officially the deceased will be buried at the Kalibata Heroes Cemetery in

Jakarta Jakarta (; , bew, Jakarte), officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta ( id, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta) is the capital city, capital and list of Indonesian cities by population, largest city of Indonesia. Lying on the northwest coa ...

. The state funeral will broadcast nationwide by state or private television stations. A military Guard of Honour tasked to the "State Protocol Escort Battalion" (''Batalyon Pengawal Protokoler Kenegaraan'' "Yonwalprotneg") from the Presidential Security Force will be the primary guard of honour involved in this procession wearing red tasked to become Pallbearers. State funerals has been arranged on the respective dates: * Sudirman (30 January 1950) * The seven victims of the 30 September Movement (5 October 1965) * Sukarno (22 June 1970) * Mohammad Hatta (15 March 1980) *

Hamengkubuwono IX Hamengkubuwono IX or HB IX (12 April 1912 – 2 October 1988) was an Indonesian statesman and royal who was the second vice president of Indonesia, the ninth sultan of Yogyakarta, and the first governor of the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Hamen ...

(8 October 1988) * Tien Suharto (29 April 1996) * Suharto (28 January 2008) * Abdurrahman Wahid (31 December 2009) *

Ani Yudhoyono Kristiani Herrawati Yudhoyono (6 July 1952 – 1 June 2019), more commonly known as Ani Yudhoyono, was an Indonesian political scientist, who was the wife of former Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and First Lady of Indonesia from ...

(1 June 2019) * B. J. Habibie (12 September 2019)

Iran

* Reza Shah (May 1950) * Ali Razmara (9 March 1951) * Hassan-Ali Mansur (27 January 1965) *

Mohammad Ali Rajai Mohammad-Ali Rajai ( fa, محمدعلی رجائی; 15 June 1933 – 30 August 1981) was the second president of Iran from 2 to 30 August 1981 after serving as prime minister under Abolhassan Banisadr. He was also minister of foreign affairs fro ...

and

Mohammad Javad Bahonar Mohammad-Javad Bahonar ( fa, محمدجواد باهنر, 5 September 1933 – 30 August 1981) was a Shia Iranian theologian and politician who served as the Prime Minister of Iran for less than one month in August 1981. Bahonar and other memb ...

(30 August 1981) * Ruhollah Khomeini (5 June 1989) -

funeral A funeral is a ceremony connected with the final disposition of a corpse, such as a burial or cremation, with the attendant observances. Funerary customs comprise the complex of beliefs and practices used by a culture to remember and respect ...

attracted over 3 million people. * Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani (23 October 2014) * Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani (10 January 2017) -

attracted over 2 million people. * Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi (26 December 2018)

Japan

In Japan, before the Second World War, a state funeral was performed when an Imperial edict is issued. Since then, funerals of the Emperor and the other members of the Imperial Family were privately organized, and only certain portions of the funeral involved the state.

Formal state funeral

Okubo Toshimichi , also Okubo, Ohkubo and Ookubo, is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Ōkubo clan **Ōkubo Tadayo (1532–1594), Japanese daimyō of the Sengoku period ** Ōkubo Tadasuke (1537–1613), Japanese daimyō of the Sengoku ...

(1878) * Iwakura Tomomi (1883) * Shimazu Hisamitsu (1887) *

Sanjō Sanetomi Prince was a Japanese Imperial court noble and statesman at the time of the Meiji Restoration. He held many high-ranking offices in the Meiji government. Biography Born in Kyoto, Sanjō was the son of ''Naidaijin'' Sanjō Sanetsumu. He he ...

(1891) * Prince Arisugawa Taruhito (1895) *

Prince Kitashirakawa Yoshihisa of Japan, was the second head of a collateral branch of the Japanese imperial family. He was formerly enshrined in Tainan-Jinja, Taiwan, under the name ''Kitashirakawa no Miya Yoshihisa-shinnō no Mikoto'' as the main and only deity. Biograp ...

(1895) * Mouri Motonori (1896) * Empress Eishō (1897) * Shimazu Tadayoshi (2nd) (1898) *

Prince Komatsu Akihito was a Japanese career officer in the Imperial Japanese Army, who was a member of the Fushimi-no-miya, one of the ''shinnōke'' branches of the Imperial Family of Japan, which were eligible to succeed to the Chrysanthemum Throne. Biography Early ...

(1903) *

Itō Hirobumi was a Japanese politician and statesman who served as the first Prime Minister of Japan. He was also a leading member of the '' genrō'', a group of senior statesmen that dictated Japanese policy during the Meiji era. A London-educated sa ...

(1909) * Emperor Meiji (1912) *

Prince Arisugawa Takehito was the 10th head of a cadet branch of the Japanese imperial family and a career officer in the Imperial Japanese Navy. Early life Prince Takehito was born in Kyoto as a scion of the house, one of the ''shinnōke'' branches of the Imperial ...

(1913) * Ōyama Iwao (1916) * Gojong of Korea (1919) * Yamagata Aritomo (1922) * Prince Fushimi Sadanaru (1923) * Matsukata Masayoshi (1924) * Sunjong of Korea (1926) * Emperor Taishō (1926) * Tōgō Heihachirō (1934) *

Saionji Kinmochi Prince was a Japanese politician and statesman who served as Prime Minister of Japan from 1906 to 1908 and from 1911 to 1912. He was elevated from marquis to prince in 1920. As the last surviving member of Japan's '' genrō,'' he was the most ...

(1940) * Isoroku Yamamoto (1943) * Prince Kan'in Kotohito (1945) * Empress Teimei (1951) * Shigeru Yoshida (1967) * Emperor Shōwa (1989) * Shinzō Abe (2022)

Funeral where the state is involved

Ōkuma Shigenobu Marquess was a Japanese statesman and a prominent member of the Meiji oligarchy. He served as Prime Minister of the Empire of Japan in 1898 and from 1914 to 1916. Ōkuma was also an early advocate of Western science and culture in Japan, ...

(1922) *

Kijūrō Shidehara Baron was a pre– World War II Japanese diplomat and politician. He was Prime Minister of Japan from 1945 to 1946 and a leading proponent of pacifism in Japan before and after World War II. He was the last Japanese Prime Minister who was a me ...

(1951) * Yukio Ozaki (1954) * Tsuneo Matsudaira (1954) * Eisaku Satō (1975) * Masayoshi Ōhira (1980) * Nobusuke Kishi (1987) * Takeo Miki (1988) * Akira Ono (1990) * Takeo Fukuda (1995) *

Keizō Obuchi was a Japanese politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan from 1998 to 2000. Obuchi was elected to the House of Representatives in Gunma Prefecture in 1963, becoming the youngest legislator in Japanese history, and was re-elected to his ...

(2000) * Zenkō Suzuki (2004) * Ryutaro Hashimoto (2006) * Kiichi Miyazawa (2007) *

Takeo Nishioka was a Japanese politician of the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) who served as a member of the House of Councillors in the Diet. A native of Nagasaki and a graduate of Waseda University , mottoeng = Independence of scholarship , establishe ...

(2011) * Yasuhiro Nakasone (2020)

New Zealand

Traditionally, state funerals are reserved for all former Governors-General, as well as Prime Ministers who die in office, such as John Ballance in 1893,

Joseph Ward Sir Joseph George Ward, 1st Baronet, (26 April 1856 – 8 July 1930) was a New Zealand politician who served as the 17th prime minister of New Zealand from 1906 to 1912 and from 1928 to 1930. He was a dominant figure in the Liberal and Un ...

in 1930 and Michael Joseph Savage in 1940.Barry Gustafson, ''From the Cradle to the Grave: A biography of Michael Joseph Savage'', Reed Methuen, Auckland, 1986, p. 271. The funeral of John Ballance occurred in Whanganui after a lying in state in the New Zealand Parliament and a rail journey from Wellington. It was a

Masonic funeral In some masonic jurisdictions, a Masonic Funeral is a rite afforded to Master Masons in good standing with their Lodges. Under extenuating circumstances satisfactory to the Master of their Lodges, Masonic funerals may also be conducted in memory of ...

carried out at the Whanganui cemetery where he was interred. Both funerals of Ward and Savage were held in Sacred Heart Cathedral adjacent to the New Zealand Parliament. In the case of Savage, his body lay in state in the Parliament building, where 50,000 people filed past it, before the

Requiem Mass A Requiem or Requiem Mass, also known as Mass for the dead ( la, Missa pro defunctis) or Mass of the dead ( la, Missa defunctorum), is a Mass of the Catholic Church offered for the repose of the soul or souls of one or more deceased persons, ...

at the cathedral. Others to receive state funerals include Sir Frederic Truby King (1937) who founded the

Plunket Society The Royal New Zealand Plunket Trust provides a range of free services aimed at improving the development, health and wellbeing of children under the age of five within New Zealand, where it is commonly known simply as Plunket. Its mission is "t ...

, the unidentified victims of the Tangiwai rail disaster (1953),

Victoria Cross The Victoria Cross (VC) is the highest and most prestigious award of the British honours system. It is awarded for valour "in the presence of the enemy" to members of the British Armed Forces and may be awarded posthumously. It was previousl ...

recipient

Jack Hinton John Daniel Hinton, VC (17 September 1909 – 28 June 1997) was a New Zealand soldier who served during the Second World War. He was awarded the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry "in the face of the enemy" that can be award ...

(1997), the mountaineer

Sir Edmund Hillary Sir Edmund Percival Hillary (20 July 1919 – 11 January 2008) was a New Zealand mountaineer, explorer, and philanthropist. On 29 May 1953, Hillary and Sherpa mountaineer Tenzing Norgay became the first climbers confirmed to have reached ...

(2008) and the

Unknown Warrior The British grave of the Unknown Warrior (often known as 'The Tomb of the Unknown Warrior') holds an unidentified member of the British armed forces killed on a European battlefield during the First World War.Hanson, Chapters 23 & 24 He was gi ...

whose reinterment (from the Caterpillar Valley Cemetery on the Somme in France) took place on Armistice Day, 11 November 2004 and whose tomb at the

New Zealand National War Memorial The National War Memorial of New Zealand is located next to the Dominion Museum building on Buckle Street, in Wellington, the nation's capital. The war memorial was dedicated in 1932 on Anzac Day (25 April) in commemoration of the First World Wa ...

represents all New Zealand soldiers who died in war. The offer of a state funeral was refused by the family of former Prime Minister

David Lange David Russell Lange ( ; 4 August 1942 – 13 August 2005) was a New Zealand politician who served as the 32nd prime minister of New Zealand from 1984 to 1989. Lange was born and brought up in Otahuhu, the son of a medical doctor. He became ...

North Korea

State funerals are infrequent in

North Korea North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the northern half of the Korean Peninsula and shares borders with China and Russia to the north, at the Yalu (Amnok) and T ...

. Funerals, and who appears on official funeral committees, are considered important cues on power hierarchies of North Korean politics. According to a tradition inherited from the

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...

, the chairperson of the funeral committee of a deceased leader of North Korea is beyond all doubt the next leader. This held true when Kim Il-sung died in 1994 and was succeeded by

Kim Jong-il Kim Jong-il (; ; ; born Yuri Irsenovich Kim;, 16 February 1941 – 17 December 2011) was a North Korean politician who was the second supreme leader of North Korea from 1994 to 2011. He led North Korea from the 1994 death of his father Ki ...

, who in turn was succeeded by

Kim Jong-un Kim Jong-un (; , ; born 8 January 1982) is a North Korean politician who has been Supreme Leader of North Korea since 2011 and the leader of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) since 2012. He is a son of Kim Jong-il, who was North Korea's sec ...

in 2011. * * Jang Kil-bu * Ho Hon (1951) * Hong Won-kil (1976) * Nam Il (1976) *

Choe Yong-gon (army commander) Choe Yong-gon (; 21 June 1900 – 19 September 1976) was the Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army from 1948 to 1950, North Korean defence minister from 1948 to 1957, and the Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Supreme People ...

(1976) * Jang Chol-gu (1982) * Kim Il (1984), whose funeral committee consisted of 69 people. * Rim Chun-chu (1988), whose funeral committee consisted of 57 people. * Choe Tok-sin (1989), whose funeral committee consisted of 23 people. * So Chol (1992) *

Kang Hui-won Kang may refer to: Places * Kang Kalan, Punjab * Kang District, Afghanistan * Kang, Botswana, a village * Kang County, Gansu, China * Kang, Isfahan, Iran, a village * Kang, Kerman, Iran, a village * Kang, Razavi Khorasan, Iran, a village * K ...

(1994) * Death and state funeral of Kim Il-sung (1994), whose funeral committee consisted of 273 people. * O Jin-u (1995), whose funeral committee consisted of 240. * Choe Kwang (1997), whose funeral committee consisted of 85 people. * Kim Kwang-jin (1997) *

Ri Jong-ok Ri Jong-ok (10 January 1916 – 23 September 1999) was a North Korean politician who served as the Premier of North Korea from 1977 to 1984. He was elected to the Presidium at the 6th WPK Congress in 1980. He was appointed as Vice President of ...

(1999), whose funeral committee consisted of 60 people. *

Kim Pyong-sik Kim Pyong-sik () (February 10, 1919 – July 21, 1999) was a North Korean politician who served as Vice President of North Korea and chairman of the Korean Social Democratic Party. History He was born in South Jeolla Province. Kim Pyong-sik work ...

(1999), whose funeral committee consisted of 18 people. *

Jon Mun-sop Jon Mun-sop (November 24, 1919 – December 29, 1998) was a North Korean politician, member of the Supreme People's Assembly, the unicameral parliament of North Korea. Biography Jon was born in Manchuria on November 24, 1919. He took part in th ...

(1999) * Choi Hong-hui (2002), whose funeral committee consisted of 14 people. * Ri Tu-ik (2002) * Yon Hyong-muk (2005), whose funeral committee consisted of 49 people. * Pak Song-chol (2008), whose funeral committee consisted of 65 people. * Hong Song-nam (2009), whose funeral committee consisted of 35 people. * Kim Jung-rin (2010), whose funeral committee consisted of 41 people. * Jo Myong-rok (2010), whose funeral committee consisted of 171 people. * (2011), whose funeral committee consisted of 47 people. * Death and state funeral of Kim Jong-il (2011), whose funeral committee consisted of 232 people. *

Kim Kuk-thae Kim Kuk-thae ( ko, 김국태; 27 August 1924 – 13 December 2013) was an elder apparatchik of the Workers' Party of Korea, the ruling party in North Korea. Kim was born in North Hamgyong Province as the eldest son of Kim Il-sung's trusted g ...

(2013), whose funeral committee consisted of 54 people. *

Jon Pyong-ho Jon Pyong-ho (, 20 March 1926 – 7 July 2014) was a North Korean officer and politician who served as the Chief Secretary of the Korean Workers Party (KWP) Committee of the North Korean Cabinet, and director of the DPRK Cabinet Political Burea ...

(2014), whose funeral committee consisted 89 of people. *

Kim Yang-gon Kim Yang-gon (, 24 April 1942 – 29 December 2015) was a North Korean politician and a senior official of the ruling Workers' Party of Korea. Early career Kim Yang-gon started his political career as a vice-director of the party's Internati ...

(2015), whose funeral committee consisted of 70 people. * Ri Ul-sol (2015), whose funeral committee consisted of 169 people. * Kang Sok-ju (2016), whose funeral committee consisted of 53 people. *

Ryu Mi-yong Ryu Mi-yong (14 February 1921 – 23 November 2016) was the chairwoman of the North Korean Chondoist Chongu Party. She was a standing committee member of the 10th Supreme People's Assembly. She was known as a defector from South Korea to the No ...

(2016), whose funeral committee consisted of 11 people. * Kang Ki-sop (2017) * Kim Yong-chun (2018), whose funeral committee consisted of 149 people. *

Kim Chol-man Kim Chol-man (김철만; 2 November 1920 – 3 December 2018) was a North Korean politician and military official. He was a member of several important committees and organizations, including the 6th Central Military Commission, the 6th Politb ...

(2018), whose funeral committee consisted of 71 people. * Hwang Sun-hui (2020), whose funeral committee consisted of 69 people. * Hyon Chol-hae (2022), whose funeral committee consisted of 184 people.

Pakistan

Pakistan held the state funerals for the following people: *

Muhammad Ali Jinnah Muhammad Ali Jinnah (, ; born Mahomedali Jinnahbhai; 25 December 1876 – 11 September 1948) was a barrister, politician, and the founder of Pakistan. Jinnah served as the leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until the ...

(1948) Father of the Nation * Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq (1988) (Died in Office)

Chief of Army Staff (Pakistan) The Chief of Army Staff ( ur, , Salar afwaj barri pakistan) ( reporting name: COAS), is the most senior officer in the Pakistan Army. It is one of the most powerful positions in Pakistan. This is the senior most appointment in the Pakistan A ...

* Mushaf Ali Mir (2003) (Died in Office) Chief of Air Staff (Pakistan) *

Anwar Shamim Air Chief Marshal Mohammad Anwar Shamim ( ur, ); (1 October 1931 – 4 January 2013) was a senior air officer of the Pakistan Air Force and was the Chief of Air Staff, appointed to the post in 1978 until retiring in 1985. Born in Haripur, B ...

(2013) Chief of Air Staff (Pakistan) * Abdul Sattar Edhi (2016) Edhi Foundation *

Ruth Pfau Ruth Katherina Martha Pfau, FCM (9 September 1929 – 10 August 2017) was a German– Pakistani Catholic Christian religious sister and physician who was a member of the "Society of the Daughters of the Heart of Mary". She emigrated from Germ ...

(2017)

Physician A physician (American English), medical practitioner (Commonwealth English), medical doctor, or simply doctor, is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through th ...

* Asghar Khan (2018) Chief of Air Staff (Pakistan) *

Abdul Qadeer Khan Abdul Qadeer Khan, (; ur, ; 1 April 1936 – 10 October 2021), known as A. Q. Khan, was a Pakistani nuclear physicist and metallurgical engineer. He was a key figure in Pakistan’s nuclear weapons program and is colloquially known as the ...

(2021)

Nuclear physics Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter. Nuclear physics should not be confused with atomic physics, which studies t ...

Philippines

The Philippines held the state funerals for the following people: * Manuel L. Quezon (1944) – 2nd

President of the Philippines The president of the Philippines ( fil, Pangulo ng Pilipinas, sometimes referred to as ''Presidente ng Pilipinas'') is the head of state, head of government and chief executive of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of ...

(1935–44): died in office *

Manuel Roxas Manuel Acuña Roxas (born Manuel Roxas y Acuña; ; January 1, 1892 – April 15, 1948) was a Filipino lawyer and politician who served as the fifth president of the Philippines, who served from 1946 until his death due to heart attacks in 19 ...

(1948) – 5th President of the Philippines (1946–48): died in office *

Elpidio Quirino Elpidio Rivera Quirino (born Elpidio Quirino y Rivera; ; November 16, 1890 – February 29, 1956) was a Filipino lawyer and politician who served as the sixth president of the Philippines from 1948 to 1953. A lawyer by profession, Quirino ente ...

(1956) – 6th President of the Philippines (1948–53) * Ramon Magsaysay (1957) – 7th President of the Philippines (1953–57): died in office * Jose P. Laurel (1959) – 3th President of the Philippines (1943–45) * Sergio Osmeña (1961) – 4th President of the Philippines (1944–46) * Emilio Aguinaldo (1964) – 1st President of the Philippines (1899–1901) * Carlos P. Garcia (1971) – 8th President of the Philippines (1957–61) * Benigno Aquino Jr. (1983) – Senator of the Philippines (1967–72) * Carlos P. Romulo (1985) –

Secretary of Foreign Affairs In many countries, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the government department responsible for the state's diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entit ...

(1968–84) * Diosdado Macapagal (1997) – 9th President of the Philippines (1961–65) * Blas Ople (2003) – Secretary of Foreign Affairs (2002–03): died in office * Jaime Sin (2005) – 30th Archbishop of Manila (1974–2005) * Corazon Aquino (2009) – 11th President of the Philippines (1986–92) *

Perla Santos-Ocampo Perla Dizon Santos Ocampo, MD National Scientist of the Philippines, ONS was a Philippines, Filipina pediatrics, pediatrician. Early life and education Perla Santos-Ocampo was born in Dagupan, Pangasinan on July 25, 1931. She pursued a medical de ...

(2012) – National Scientist of the Philippines *

Jesse Robredo Jesse Manalastas Robredo (born Jesus Manalastas Robredo; ; May 27, 1958 – August 18, 2012) was a Filipino politician who served as Secretary of the Interior and Local Government in the administration of President Benigno Aquino III from 20 ...

(2012) – Secretary of Interior and Local Government (2010–12): died in office *

Miriam Defensor Santiago Miriam Palma Defensor-Santiago (''née'' Defensor; June 15, 1945 – September 29, 2016) was a Filipino scholar, academic, lawyer, judge, author, and stateswoman who served in all three branches of the Philippine government: judicial, executiv ...

(2016) – Senator of the Philippines (1995–2001; 2004–16) * Benigno Aquino III (2021) – 15th President of the Philippines (2010–16) *

Ramon Barba Ramon Cabanos Barba (August 31, 1939 – October 10, 2021) was a Filipino inventor and horticulturist best known for inventing a way to induce more flowers in mango trees using ethrel and potassium nitrate.World Intellectual Property Organizati ...

(2021) – National Scientist of the Philippines * F. Sionil José (2022) – National Artist of the Philippines * Fidel V. Ramos (planned, 2022) – 12th President of the Philippines (1992–98)

Singapore

A state funeral was arranged for the following people on their deathbed on the respective date: * Ahmad Ibrahim (21 August 1962) - Minister of Health and Labour * Yusof Ishak (23 November 1970) - 1st President of Singapore * Benjamin Henry Sheares (12 May 1981) - 2nd President of Singapore * Wee Kim Wee (2 May 2005) - 4th President of Singapore *

S. Rajaratnam Sinnathamby Rajaratnam ( ta, சின்னத்தம்பி ராஜரத்னம்; 25 February 1915 – 22 February 2006), better known as S. Rajaratnam, was a Singaporean politician who served as Deputy Prime Minister of Singapo ...

(25 February 2006) - former Deputy Prime Minister of Singapore * Goh Keng Swee (23 May 2010) - former Deputy Prime Minister of Singapore *

Kwa Geok Choo Kwa Geok Choo (; 21 December 1920 – 2 October 2010) was a Singaporean lawyer. She was the wife of former Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew and the mother of current Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong. She was also the co-founder and partner of l ...

(2 October 2010) - spouse of Lee Kuan Yew * Lee Kuan Yew (23 March 2015) - 1st Prime Minister of Singapore *

S. R. Nathan Sellapan Ramanathan (; 3 July 1924 – 22 August 2016),. often known as S. R. Nathan, was a Singaporean politician who served as the sixth president of Singapore between 1999 and 2011. He was also the longest-serving president in Singapore's hi ...

(22 August 2016) - 6th President of Singapore Another type of funeral in Singapore is a state-assisted funeral. Similar to a state funeral, the deceased may or may not be entitled to a ceremonial gun carriage, though he/she does not lie in state in the

Istana ''Istana'' is an Indonesian and Malay word meaning " palace". Notable Istanas *Istana Alam Shah, the official palace of the Sultan of Selangor *Istana Besar, 19th- and early 20th-century residence of the Sultan of Johor *Istana Bogor, one of the p ...

. Such funerals are accorded to: * Ong Teng Cheong (11 February 2002) - 5th President of Singapore * Lim Kim San (20 July 2006) - former Cabinet Minister * Toh Chin Chye (7 February 2012) - former Deputy Prime Minister * Othman Wok (17 April 2017) - former Cabinet Minister

South Korea

State funerals in South Korea are a mix of the Western and Korean funeral traditions, these are modern adaptations of the rites held in the funerals of Emperors of Korea. * Park Chung-hee (1979) * Choi Kyu-hah (2006) * Roh Moo-hyun (2009) * Kim Dae-jung (2009) * Kim Young-sam (2015) * Roh Tae-woo (2021) * 155 victims died in Seoul Halloween crowd crush (2022)

Thailand

In Thailand, state funerals are mostly analogous to the royal funerals held for the

monarch A monarch is a head of stateWebster's II New College DictionarMonarch Houghton Mifflin. Boston. 2001. p. 707. Life tenure, for life or until abdication, and therefore the head of state of a monarchy. A monarch may exercise the highest authority ...

and members of the Royal Family. Royal ceremonies are also held for the cremation of the supreme patriarch and senior members of the Buddhist clergy. There is no official royal or state ceremony for deceased prime ministers or other senior government officials, but the king may sponsor funerals of such persons by royally attending the funeral, bestowing the use of a ''kot'' (funerary urn), royally bestowing bathing water for the body, and royally sponsoring cremations or burials.

Vietnam

In Vietnam, state funerals are held for former or current General Secretary of Communist Party,

Prime minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is ...

and Chairperson of National Assembly. In addition, the Politburo decided to organize the national funeral for others who have made great contributions and merits to the revolutionary cause of the party, state and people, having a great reputation domestically and internationally. A state funeral was arranged for the following people on their deathbed on the respective date: *

Huỳnh Thúc Kháng Huỳnh Thúc Kháng (chữ Hán: ; 1 October 1876 – 21 April 1947), also known as Cụ Huỳnh (lit: 'Great-grandfather' Huỳnh), was a Vietnamese anti-colonial activist, statesman and journalist, most notably serving as Acting President o ...

(1947) * Hồ Chí Minh (1969) * Nguyễn Lương Bằng (1979) * Tôn Đức Thắng (1980) * Lê Duẩn (1986) * Phạm Hùng (1988) * Trường Chinh (1988) * Lê Đức Thọ (1990) * Nguyễn Hữu Thọ (1996) * Nguyễn Văn Linh (1998) * Lê Quang Đạo (1999) * Phạm Văn Đồng (2000) * Võ Văn Kiệt (2008) * Võ Chí Công (2011) * Võ Nguyên Giáp (2013) *

Phan Văn Khải Phan Văn Khải (; 25 December 1933 – 17 March 2018) was a Vietnamese politician who served as the fifth Prime Minister of Vietnam from 25 September 1997 to 27 June 2006. Life and career Phan Văn Khải was born on 25 December 1933 in Tan ...

(2018) *

Trần Đại Quang Trần Đại Quang (12 October 1956 – 21 September 2018) was a Vietnamese politician and former police general who served as the eighth President of Vietnam from 2 April 2016 until his death in 2018. Trần Đại Quang was elected to the post ...

(2018) * Đỗ Mười (2018) * Lê Đức Anh (2019) *

Lê Khả Phiêu Lê Khả Phiêu (27 December 1931 – 7 August 2020) was a Vietnamese politician who served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam from December 1997 to April 2001.Gainsborough 2010, p. 143 Lê Khả Phiêu served in the Vietn ...

(2020) In Vietnam, in a State Funeral, all national flags at governmental agencies worldwide, including public schools, hospitals, etc., will be tied to the pole by a black ribbon with the length equaling to the length of the flag, and the width equaling to one tenth of the flag, and the flag will be flown at half mast. Finally all entertainment are officially suspended within the days of the State Funeral.

Europe

Belgium

Pompa funebris Albert Ardux - Escalatieres

State funerals in Belgium need three conditions: playing the national anthem, the presence of the King or one of his representatives and the presence of the national flag on the coffin. State funerals were held for all the kings and queens of Belgium, for some royal family members and for former prime ministers.

Belarus

Denmark

On 29 August 1945, two years after the German occupation force in Denmark had dissolved the Danish army and navy, a state funeral was held for 106 killed members of the Danish resistance at their execution site which was thus inaugurated as the memorial cemetery that would later become

Ryvangen Memorial Park Ryvangen Memorial Park ( da, Mindelunden i Ryvangen) is a memorial park in Ryvangen officially inaugurated on 5 May 1950 to commemorate fallen members of the Danish resistance to the Denmark in World War II, German occupation of Denmark during Wo ...

. While flags were flying half-mast throughout Copenhagen 106 hearses drove from the Christiansborg Riding Grounds through the city to Ryvangen, where bishop

Hans Fuglsang-Damgaard Hans Fuglsang-Damgaard (29 July 1890 – 8 July 1979) was a bishop of the diocese of Copenhagen for 25 years including the years of the Nazi Germany, German occupation. Early life and education Hans Fuglsang-Damgaard was born on 29 July 1890 in ...

led the funeral with participation from the royal family, the

government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government i ...

and representatives of the resistance movement.

Czech Republic

A state funeral was held for the former President Václav Havel in 2011. A funeral with state honors was held for singer Karel Gott in 2019.

Finland

In Finland state funerals are primarily reserved for former presidents but the honour has been granted to long-serving prime ministers, speakers of the parliament, and other distinguished citizens as well. In the 1990s the criteria for awarding a state funeral were considerably specified, so as not to diminish the prestige of the affair. 79 people have been awarded the honour of state funeral, among them: * 1921

Juhani Aho Juhani Aho, originally Johannes Brofeldt (11 September 1861 – 8 August 1921), was a Finnish author and journalist. He was nominated for the Nobel prize in literature twelve times. Early life Juhani Aho was born at Lapinlahti in 1861. His p ...

, author, the first person honoured with a state funeral in Finland * 1926 Eino Leino, author and poet * 1947 Vera Hjelt, member of Parliament, pioneer of work safety in Finland * 1951 Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, the Marshal of Finland and the 6th President of Finland * 1952

Miina Sillanpää Miina Sillanpää (originally Vilhelmiina Riktig, born 4 June 1866 – died 3 April 1952) was a Finnish politician. She served as Deputy Minister of Social Affairs in 1926-1927. She was Finland's first female minister and a key figure in the wor ...

, the first female minister in Finland * 1956 Risto Ryti, the 5th President of Finland * 1957

Jean Sibelius Jean Sibelius ( ; ; born Johan Julius Christian Sibelius; 8 December 186520 September 1957) was a Finnish composer of the late Romantic and early-modern periods. He is widely regarded as his country's greatest composer, and his music is often ...

, composer * 1966 Hannes Kolehmainen, the first Finnish Olympic medalist (long-distance running) * 1966

Wäinö Aaltonen Wäinö Valdemar Aaltonen (8 March 1894 – 30 May 1966) was a Finnish artist and sculptor. The Chambers Biographical Dictionary describes him as "one of the leading Finnish sculptors". He was born to a tailor in the village of Karinainen, Finl ...

, sculptor * 1973

Paavo Nurmi Paavo Johannes Nurmi (; 13 June 1897 – 2 October 1973) was a Finnish middle-distance and long-distance runner. He was called the "Flying Finn" or the "Phantom Finn", as he dominated distance running in the 1920s. Nurmi set 22 official worl ...

, the most successful Finnish Olympic medalist (long-distance running) * 1976

Armas Taipale Armas Rudolf Taipale (27 July 1890 – 9 November 1976) was a Finnish athlete. He competed at the 1912 Summer Olympics and won gold medals in two discus throw events, conventional and two-handed, where the total was counted as a sum of best th ...

, Olympic medalist (discus) * 1980

Rafael Paasio Kustaa Rafael Paasio, born Hellström (6 June 1903 – 17 March 1980) was a prominent Finnish politician and editor from Social Democratic Party. He served as Prime Minister of Finland twice. Paasio was born in Uskela and was in contact with the ...

, former Prime Minister and Speaker of the Parliament * 1982 Ville Ritola, Olympic medalist (long-distance running) * 1986 Urho Kekkonen, the 8th President of Finland * 1987

Ella Eronen Ella Eronen (29 January 1900 — 9 October 1987) was a Finnish actor and poetic reciter, and one of the country's leading actresses of the 20th century, especially of the 1930s through to 1950s. She was variously known as ''Diiva'' ('The Diva') ...

, actress * 1989

Tapani Niku Tapani Niku (born ''Karsikas'', 1 April 1895 – 6 April 1989) was a Finnish cross-country skier who competed at the 1924 Winter Olympics. He won a bronze medal in the 18 km event and failed to finish his 50 km event. At the FIS Nordic Wo ...

, Olympic medalist (cross-country skiing) * 1990 Ahti Karjalainen, former Prime Minister * 1992 Väinö Linna, author * 1995 Väinö Valve, general * 2000

Johannes Virolainen Johannes Virolainen (; 31 January 1914 – 11 December 2000) was a Finnish politician and who served as 30th Prime Minister of Finland. Virolainen was born near Viipuri. After the Continuation War Virolainen moved to Lohja, but he remained one ...

, former Prime Minister, Counsellor of State * 2004

Kalevi Sorsa Taisto Kalevi Sorsa (21 December 1930 – 16 January 2004) was a Finnish politician who served as Prime Minister of Finland three times: 1972–1975, 1977–1979 and 1982–1987. At the time of his death he still held the record for most da ...

, former Prime Minister * 2004

Adolf Ehrnrooth Adolf Erik Ehrnrooth (9 February 1905 – 26 February 2004) was a Finnish general who served during the Winter and Continuation wars. He also competed in two equestrian events at the 1948 Summer Olympics. Early life Born in Helsinki, Ehrnroo ...

, General of the Infantry * 2011 Harri Holkeri, former Prime Minister, Counsellor of State * 2017

Mauno Koivisto Mauno Henrik Koivisto (; 25 November 1923 – 12 May 2017) was a Finnish politician who served as the ninth president of Finland from 1982 to 1994. He also served as the country's prime minister twice, from 1968 to 1970 and again from 1979 to ...

, the 9th President of Finland

France

The state funerals (''obsèques nationales'') are awarded by

decree A decree is a legal proclamation, usually issued by a head of state (such as the president of a republic or a monarch), according to certain procedures (usually established in a constitution). It has the force of law. The particular term used ...

of the President of the French Republic to especially eminent Frenchmen and women. It was held for writers

Victor Hugo Victor-Marie Hugo (; 26 February 1802 – 22 May 1885) was a French Romantic writer and politician. During a literary career that spanned more than sixty years, he wrote in a variety of genres and forms. He is considered to be one of the great ...

(1885), Maurice Barrès (1923), Paul Valéry (1945),

Colette Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette (; 28 January 1873 – 3 August 1954), known mononymously as Colette, was a French author and woman of letters. She was also a mime, actress, and journalist. Colette is best known in the English-speaking world for her ...

(1954) and

Aimé Césaire Aimé Fernand David Césaire (; ; 26 June 1913 – 17 April 2008) was a French poet, author, and politician. He was "one of the founders of the Négritude movement in Francophone literature" and coined the word in French. He founded the P ...

(2008), Generals Jacques Leclerc (1947),

Giraud Giraud is a surname. It is a variant of the Proto-Germanic name ''Gerard'', meaning spear-strong. Notable people with this surname * Albert Giraud (1860–1929), Belgian poet * Alexis Giraud-Teulon (1839–1916), French academic, lawyer and trans ...

(1949) et de Lattre de Tassigny (1952) and politicians Georges Coulon (1912), Albert Lebrun (1951), Léon Blum (1951), Édouard Herriot (1957) and Charles Aznavour (2018) An even higher honour is burial in the Panthéon de Paris.

Ireland

Italy

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...

state funerals are granted by law to the Presidents of the constitutional entities, such as the

Presidency A presidency is an administration or the executive, the collective administrative and governmental entity that exists around an office of president of a state or nation. Although often the executive branch of government, and often personified by ...

, the

Parliament In modern politics, and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: representing the electorate, making laws, and overseeing the government via hearings and inquiries. Th ...

, the

Government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government i ...

and the Constitutional Court, even after their terms have expired, and to Ministers who died during their term in office. State Funerals can also be granted, by decree of the

Council of Ministers A council is a group of people who come together to consult, deliberate, or make decisions. A council may function as a legislature, especially at a town, city or county/ shire level, but most legislative bodies at the state/provincial or ...

, to people who gave particular services to the

country A country is a distinct part of the world, such as a state, nation, or other political entity. It may be a sovereign state or make up one part of a larger state. For example, the country of Japan is an independent, sovereign state, whi ...

; to

citizens Citizenship is a "relationship between an individual and a state to which the individual owes allegiance and in turn is entitled to its protection". Each state determines the conditions under which it will recognize persons as its citizens, and ...

that brought honor to the

nation A nation is a community of people formed on the basis of a combination of shared features such as language, history, ethnicity, culture and/or society. A nation is thus the collective identity of a group of people understood as defined by th ...

; or to

who died in the line of duty, or were victims of either

terrorism Terrorism, in its broadest sense, is the use of criminal violence to provoke a state of terror or fear, mostly with the intention to achieve political or religious aims. The term is used in this regard primarily to refer to intentional violen ...

, or

organized crime Organized crime (or organised crime) is a category of transnational, national, or local groupings of highly centralized enterprises run by criminals to engage in illegal activity, most commonly for profit. While organized crime is generally th ...

. The official protocol provides for * the coffin surrounded by six members in high uniform of either the Carabinieri or the same

Armed Force A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct ...

the departed belonged to; * an honor guard to the coffin at the entrance and the exit of the place in which the ceremony is held; * the presence of one representative of the

; * an official commemorative oration; * other honors that can be arranged by the

Prime Minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is ...

. For the funeral of the

or a former President the six members of the Carabinieri, who carry the coffin, belong to the special branch of the Corazzieri. Public mourning, either national or local, is declared following the dispositions of the

's decrees. The flags are flown at half-mast outside of public buildings, while inside they display two black ribbons, with the exceptions provided for military flags, when required by military protocol. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs gives instructions to the Italian embassies and consulates around the world, and can ask the foreign embassies and consulates in

to fly their flags at half-mast. If the departed held a public office, the body can lie in state in the building of the office's institution. In other cases it is followed the will of the family, the traditions of the office or the local customs. The family of the departed chooses the place in which the funeral will take place, in consultations with the

's Department of State Ceremonies. Outside of the cases provided for by the protocol, for example during

natural events Nature, in the broadest sense, is the physical world or universe. "Nature" can refer to the phenomena of the physical world, and also to life in general. The study of nature is a large, if not the only, part of science. Although humans are p ...

that deeply impact the community, solemn funerals can be arranged and the six people who carry the coffins are members of the Civil Protection.

Lithuania

6th Oct, 2018 -

Adolfas Ramanauskas-Vanagas Adolfas Ramanauskas (March 6, 1918 – November 29, 1957), code name Vanagas, was a prominent Lithuanian partisan and one of the leaders of the Lithuanian resistance. Ramanauskas was working as a teacher under the Nazi administration when Lith ...

- leader of Lithuanian resistance. 22nd Nov, 2019 - Zygmunt Sierakowski, Konstanty Kalinowski - leaders of the Polish, Lithuanian and Belarusian national revival and the leader of the January Uprising in lands of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and other 18 partipaciants of revival.

Malta

State Funerals have been held for presidents, prime ministers and archbishops. The last state funeral held for the

President of Malta The president of Malta ( mt, President ta' Malta) is the constitutional head of state of Malta. The President is indirect election, indirectly elected by the House of Representatives of Malta, which appoints the president for a five-year term a ...

was that of Censu Tabone in March 2012. The last state funeral held for the

Prime Minister of Malta The prime minister of Malta ( mt, Prim Ministru ta' Malta) is the head of government, which is the highest official of Malta. The Prime Minister chairs Cabinet meetings, and selects its ministers to serve in their respective portfolios. The P ...

was that of Dom Mintoff in August 2012.

Netherlands

The royal funerals of Prince Claus, Queen Juliana and Prince Bernhard are the only royal funerals that were denoted state funerals; previous royal funerals were considered private affairs. The only non-royal Dutchman who is considered to have received a state funeral was Joannes van Heutsz in 1927.

North Macedonia

Since proclaiming independence in 1991, by law the presidents and prime ministers are entitled to a funeral with state honors, but by a decision of government its possible for other senior officials and distinguished persons with great merit for the state to be buried with state honors. The largest state funeral was held in 2004 for President Boris Trajkovski and the funeral was attended by 47 foreign delegations. Among others that are buried with state honors, are the first prime minister of independent Macedonia Nikola Kljusev and the famous singer Toše Proeski.

Poland

Poland held a state funeral for President of Poland Lech Kaczyński and his wife,

Maria Kaczyńska Maria Helena Kaczyńska (; ; 21 August 1942 – 10 April 2010) was the First Lady of Poland from 2005 to 2010 as the wife of President Lech Kaczyński. She and her husband died in the plane crash in the Russian city of Smolensk. Early and pe ...

, on April 18, 2010, after he and 95 others perished in a plane crash.

Russia

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-ei ...

, during the time of the

(1917-1991), the state funerals of the most senior political and military leaders were staged as massive events with millions of mourners all over the

USSR The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nati ...

. The ceremonies held after the deaths as Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin, Leonid Brezhnev, Yuri Andropov and Konstantin Chernenko all followed the same basic outline. They took place in Moscow, began with a public lying in state of the deceased in the House of the Unions and ended with an interment at the Red Square. The most notable examples of such state funerals during the Soviet period of Russian history are the ceremonies that were held for Lenin and Stalin, and for the death and funeral of Leonid Brezhnev. Dom Soyuzov B-Dmitrovka Moscow

In the second half of the 20th century, whenever a General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union died, the event would first be officially acknowledged by Soviet radio and television. After several days of national mourning, the deceased would be given a state funeral and then buried. Soviet state funerals were often attended by foreign heads of state, heads of government, foreign ministers and other dignitaries from abroad. Following the death of General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev in 1982, there were five days of national mourning. Following the death of General Secretary Yuri Andropov in 1984, a four-day period of nationwide mourning was announced. The state funeral for a deceased General Secretary would be arranged, managed and prepared by a special committee of the Communist Party that would be formed for the occasion. As the funeral committee would normally be chaired by the deceased's successor, the preparations for Soviet state funerals were usually followed with great interest by foreign political scientists trying to gauge power shuffles within the Communist Party. The allocation of responsibilities during the funeral, appointment of pallbearers and positions within the order of precedence observed during the televised funeral ceremonies in Moscow could often be interpreted as a clue for the future position of Politburo members within the Party. When, after Brezhnev's death in 1982, Yuri Andropov was elected chairman of the committee in charge of Brezhnev's funeral, this was seen as a first sign by First World commentators that Andropov might be the most likely candidate for the position of General Secretary. Prior to interment, the body of the deceased General Secretary would lie in state in the Pillar Hall of the House of the Unions which was decorated by numerous red flag (politics), red flags and other communist symbolism, communist symbols. The mourners, which usually would be brought in by the thousands, shuffled up a marble staircase beneath chandeliers draped in black gauze. On the stage at the left side of the Pillar Hall, amid a veritable garden of flowers, a full orchestra in black tailcoats would play classical music. The deceased's embalmed body, dressed in a black suit, white shirt and a tie, would be displayed in an open coffin on a catafalque banked with carnations, red roses and tulips, facing the long queue of mourners. A small guard of honour would be in attendance in the background. At the right side of the hall there would be placed seats for guests of honour, with the front row reserved for the dead leader's family. On the day of the funeral, final ceremonies would be held at the Pillar Hall during which the lid of the coffin would be temporarily closed. The coffin would then be carried out of the House of the Unions and placed on a gun carriage drawn by a military vehicle. A funeral parade would then convey the coffin from the House of the Unions to the Red Square. Two officers led the funeral parade, carrying a large portrait of the deceased, followed by a group of numerous soldiers carrying red floral wreaths. A group of general officers would come next, carrying the late leader's decorations and medals on small red cushions. Behind them, the coffin rested atop a gun carriage. Walking immediately behind were the members of the deceased's family. The Politburo leaders, wearing red armbands, came next and led the last group of official mourners. At Brezhnev's funeral, the escort of official mourners included forty-four persons. As the coffin reached the middle of the Red Square, it would be removed from the carriage and placed on a red-draped bier facing the Lenin Mausoleum, with its lid removed. After a series of funeral speeches, which were delivered by military and political leaders (typically including the deceased's successor as General Secretary, as well as 'ordinary' workers) from the balcony of the Lenin Mausoleum, the coffin would be carried in a procession around the mausoleum to the Kremlin Wall Necropolis just behind it. There, with the most senior mourners looking on, the coffin would be placed on a red-draped bier and the mourners would pay last respects. The coffin's lid would then be closed for the final time and the body lowered into the ground by two men, with handfuls of earth thrown onto the coffin by the senior mourners. The grave would be filled in immediately afterward, while the mourners were still present to watch. Gun salutes would be fired, Siren (noisemaker), sirens sounded around the Kremlin and the National Anthem of the Soviet Union, Soviet national anthem be played. This marked the end of the interment. The senior mourners would then return to the balcony of the Lenin Mausoleum to review a parade on Red Square while the military band would play March (music), quick marches. This concluded the state funeral. With small deviations, the described protocol was roughly the same for the state funerals of Lenin, Stalin, Brezhnev, Yuri Andropov and Konstantin Chernenko. Lenin and Stalin were placed inside the Lenin Mausoleum while the others were interred in individual graves in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis located behind the mausoleum along the actual Moscow Kremlin Wall, Kremlin wall. Stalin's body would lie beside Lenin's in the mausoleum until being moved to the Kremlin Wall Necropolis several years after his death. In April 2007, Russian Federation's first President Boris Yeltsin was buried in state funeral after church ceremony at Novodevichy Cemetery. He was the first Russian leader and head of state in 113 years to be buried in a church ceremony, after Czar, Emperor Alexander III of Russia. His funeral is the template for all state funerals held in Russia today, but with the addition of prayers at the moment of burial by representatives of the Orthodox Church. In November 2010, Russian Federation's Third Prime Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin Was Buried In A State Funeral In A Church Ceremony Novodevichy Cemetery. He Was The Third Prime Minister Of The Russian Federation And Was Considered The Second Longest Prime Minister In The Russian Federation For 6 Years. In June 2015, Russian Federation's Fourth Prime Minister Yevgeny Primakov Was Buried In A State Funeral In A Church Ceremony Novodevichy Cemetery. In April 2022, The Founder Of The Liberal Democratic Party of Russia Vladimir Zhirinovsky Was Buried In A State Funeral In A Church Ceremony Novodevichy Cemetery, He Was The Founder And The Longest Serving Leader of the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia For 29 Years During The Time.

Slovakia

A state funeral was held for the former President Michal Kováč in 2016.

Switzerland

Zentralbibliothek Solothurn Ernst Klöti 2314

In 1960, the funeral procession of Henri Guisan gathered more than 120,000 people in Lausanne.

United Kingdom

A state or ceremonial funeral consists of a military procession where the coffin is borne on a gun carriage from the private resting chapel to Westminster Hall. In a state funeral the Royal Navy State Funeral Gun Carriage, gun carriage is pulled by members of the Royal Navy. In a royal ceremonial funeral, the gun carriage is pulled by horses, as opposed to servicemen. The body usually lies in state in Westminster Hall for three days. This is then followed by a funeral service at Westminster Abbey or St. Paul's Cathedral. Many of the features of a state funeral are shared by other types of funerals—a royal ceremonial funeral (for example, those of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother and Diana, Princess of Wales) often has a lying in state and Westminster Abbey service. The real distinction between a state funeral and a royal ceremonial funeral is that a state funeral requires a motion or vote in Parliament. State funerals are usually reserved for sovereigns, though on rare occasions, they may be granted to distinguished citizens with exceptional contributions to the country. Other members of the royal family, or occasionally politicians, typically receive ceremonial funerals instead. The most recent state funeral was that of Elizabeth II, Queen Elizabeth II in 2022. Prior to this, the most recent was the state funeral of Winston Churchill in 1965. Diana, Princess of Wales the mother of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, William and Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex, Harry received a ceremonial funeral in 1997. Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, Margaret Thatcher, Margaret, Baroness Thatcher and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh also received ceremonial funerals.

Former Yugoslavia

A massive state funeral was held for the late President Josip Broz Tito on 8 May 1980 in Belgrade, the capital city of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, SFR Yugoslavia. It was the largest funeral of a statesman in the 20th century, with 129 delegations from all around the world. Tito's funeral drew many statesmen to Belgrade. Notably absent statesmen from funeral were Jimmy Carter and Fidel Castro. His death came in the moment when Soviet–Afghan War, Soviet invasion of Afghanistan ended American-Soviet détente. Yugoslavia, although a communist state, was non-aligned during the Cold War and fearful that the nation might be invaded like Czechoslovakia and Democratic Republic of Afghanistan, Afghanistan. After learning that Chinese Premier Hua Guofeng would lead the delegation of China, ailing Leonid Brezhnev decided to lead the Soviet delegation. In order to avoid meeting with Leonid Brezhnev and the middle of electoral campaign for the 1980 United States Presidential election, Carter opted to send his mother Lillian Gordy Carter, Lilian Carter and Vice President Walter Mondale as heads of the US delegation. After realizing that leaders of all Warsaw Pact nations would attend the funeral, Carter's decision was criticized by Presidential candidate George H. W. Bush as sign that the United States "inferentially slams Yugoslavs at time that country has pulled away from

". Carter visited Yugoslavia later in June 1980 and made a visit to Tito's grave.Jimmy Carter: "Yugoslavia: Conclusion of State Visit Joint Statement. ", June 29, 1980. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=44655. Helmut Schmidt, Chancellor of West Germany was the most active statesman, meeting with Brezhnev, Erich Honecker and Edward Gierek. British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher sought to rally world leaders in order to harshly condemn the Soviet invasion. While she was in Belgrade, she held talks with Kenneth Kaunda, Schmidt, Francesco Cossiga and Nicolae Ceaușescu. Brezhnev met with Kim Il-sung and Honecker. James Callaghan, President of the British Labour Party explained his presence in Belgrade as an attempt to warm relations between his party and Yugoslav communists, severed more than a decade ago after dissident Milovan Djilas, Milovan Đilas was welcomed by Jennie Lee, Baroness Lee of Asheridge, Jennie Lee, Minister for the Arts under Harold Wilson. Mondale avoided Soviets, ignoring Brezhnev while passing close to him. Soviet and Chinese delegations also avoided each other. Tito was interred on May 8 twice. The first interment was for cameras and dignitaries. The grave was shallow with only a 200 kg replica of the sarcophagus. The second interment was held privately during the night. His coffin was removed and shallow grave was deepened. The coffin was enclosed with a copper mask and interred again into a much deeper grave which was sealed with cement and topped with a 9-ton sarcophagus. Communist officials were afraid that someone might steal the corpse, similarly to what happened to Charlie Chaplin. However, the 9 ton sarcophagus had to be put in place with a crane, which would make funeral unattractive.

Gallery

File:Funeral Cortege of Richard II.jpg, A drawing depicting the funeral cortege of Richard II of England leaving Pontefract Castle, 1468. File:Funeral Elisabeth.jpg, A drawing by William Camden depicting the funeral cortège of Queen Elizabeth I of England, 1603. File:Marie Louise of Orléans, Queen of Spain, lying in state (1689), by Sebastián Muñoz.JPG, A drawing by Sebastián Muñoz depicting the lying in state of Princess Marie Louise of Orléans (1662–1689), Queen Maria Luisa of Spain, 1689. File:Nelson State Funeral.jpg, The coffin of Horatio Nelson in the crossing of Saint Paul's Cathedral during his state funeral, with the dome hung with captured French and Spanish flags, 1806. File:LincolnTrain.jpeg, The funeral train of

departing Washington, D.C., en route to Springfield, Illinois, for interment, 1865. File:Lincoln funeral in New York City.jpg, A drawing depicting Abraham Lincoln, Abraham Lincoln's funeral procession in New York City en route from Washington D.C. to Springfield, Illinois, 1865. File:McGee Funeral.jpg, The funeral procession of Thomas D'Arcy McGee during his state funeral in Ottawa, Canada, 1868. File:Garfield-casket.jpg, James A. Garfield, James A. Garfield's coffin lying in state on the Lincoln Catafalque in the United States Capitol Rotunda, 1881. File:McKinley Capitol casket.jpg, An honor guard carrying the coffin of

up the east steps of the United States Capitol, 1901. File:Funeral of Edward VII -1910 -cropped.JPG, The funeral procession of Edward VII of the United Kingdom in London, 1910. File:General Funston's Death.png, The coffin of General Frederick Funston lying in state inside San Francisco City Hall in San Francisco, 1917. File:Funeral Procession of Liliuokalani - Final Journey.jpg, The funeral procession of Liliuokalani in Honolulu, Hawaii, 1917. File:Coffin of the Unknown Soldier being brought down steps.jpg, A departure ceremony held on the center steps at the United States Capitol Building as honor guards carry the coffin of the Tomb of the Unknowns#The Unknown of World War I, Unknown Soldier of

to limbers and caissons, 1921. File:Enrico Caruso, 1873-1921, funeral at Church San Francisco de Paulo in Naples 3.png, The lying in state of Italian tenor Enrico Caruso at the Church San Francisco de Paulo in Naples, 1921. File:HardingFuneral.jpg, A limbers and caissons carrying the remains of Warren G. Harding at the North Portico entrance of the White House before its procession down Pennsylvania Avenue en route to the United States Capitol Building, 1923. File:Japan-State-Funeral-for-Marshal-Admiral-Isoroku-Yamamoto.png, The funeral procession for Japanese Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto in Tokyo, 1943. File:Franklin Roosevelt funeral procession 1945.jpg, A caisson carrying the remains of Franklin D. Roosevelt proceeds down Pennsylvania Avenue towards the United States Capitol, 1945. File:BenChifely lyinginstate 1951.jpg, The coffin of Ben Chifley, the 16th Prime Minister of Australia, lying in state inside King's Hall, Old Parliament House, Canberra, 1951. File:Mannerheims funeral parade Helsinki.png, A funeral parade of Marshal Mannerheim in Helsinki, Finland, on February 4, 1951. Helsinki Lutheran Cathedral on the background. File:Evita008-funeral.jpg, The funeral procession of former Argentinian First Lady Eva Peron, 1952. File:JFKeastRoomnov23'63.jpg, The remains of John F. Kennedy lying in repose in the East Room of the White House, 1963. File:JFKcapitolNov25'63.jpg, The caparisoned, riderless horse named Black Jack (horse), "Black Jack" during a departure ceremony held at the United States Capitol Building in conjunction with the state funeral of John F. Kennedy, 1963. File:JFK's family leaves Capitol after his funeral, 1963.jpg, Robert F. Kennedy and Ethel Kennedy seen following Jacqueline Kennedy as she leaves the United States Capitol with John F. Kennedy, Jr. and Caroline Kennedy, after viewing the lying in state of John F. Kennedy, 1963. File:Funeral services for Dwight D. Eisenhower, March 1969.jpg, The remains of Dwight D. Eisenhower being carried down the center steps of the east front of the United States Capitol Building by honor guards, 1969. File:Queen Mother Carriage.jpg, The funeral cortège of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother proceeds from the Palace of Westminster to Westminster Abbey, 2002. File:Ronald Reagan casket on caisson during funeral procession.jpg, A caisson carrying the remains of Ronald Reagan down Constitution Avenue en route to the United States Capitol, 2004. File:US Navy 040609-N-5471P-013 Symbolic of a fallen leader who will never ride again, the Caparisoned horse is led down Constitution Ave., following the Caisson carrying the body of former U.S. President Ronald Reagan.jpg, The caparisoned, riderless horse named Sergeant York during the ceremonial funeral procession of Ronald Reagan, with a ceremonial sword attached to the saddle and a pair of the president's boots reversed in the stirrups, 2004. File:Giovanni Paolo II 0013.JPG, The body of

lying in state at Saint Peter's Basilica, 2005. File:Ford-capitol-rotunda.JPEG, The coffin of Gerald Ford lying in state in the rotunda of the United States Capitol during his state funeral, 2006. File:Lech Kaczyński funeral.jpg, The coffin of President of Poland Lech Kaczyński is carried, 2010. File:Exequias de Néstor Kirchner en Casa Rosada 2.jpg, Argentine President Cristina Fernández passing by the coffin of her husband Nestor Kirchner. File:Margaret Thatcher coffin at St. Pauls X8A2604.jpg, Former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Lady Margaret Thatcher's coffin being carried up the steps of St. Pauls Cathedral in the ceremonial funeral. File:Thatchers funeral 5D3 0188.jpg, Margaret Thatcher's coffin being carried on a gun carriage, and escorted by her pallbearers. File:State Funeral for 41st President George H. W. Bush Train Departure Ceremony 181206-A-EV635-500.jpg, A locomotive carrying the remains of George H. W. Bush en route to the College Station, 2018.

References

External links

Royal Windsor Website account, including truth about The Gun Carriage, the horses and the sailors.

The traditions of a British state funeral

"STATE, OFFICIAL, AND SPECIAL MILITARY FUNERALS" by the U.S. Army

(CMH Pub 90–1) published by the United States Army Center of Military History
NSW Policy on State Funerals

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071210221042/http://palaceoffice.gov.to/content/view/137/92/ Royal Funeral of King Tafa'ahau Tupou IV - Royal Palace Office]
Royal Palace Office - Tonga
{{DEFAULTSORT:State Funeral Death customs State funerals, State ritual and ceremonies