Stanisław Salmonowicz (born November 9, 1931 in

Brzesc Brest ( be, Брэст / Берасьце, Bieraście, ; russian: Брест, ; uk, Берестя, Berestia; lt, Brasta; pl, Brześć; yi, בריסק, Brisk), formerly Brest-Litovsk (russian: Брест-Литовск, lit=Lithuanian Br ...

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...

- May 24, 2022 in

Toruń )'' , image_skyline = , image_caption = , image_flag = POL Toruń flag.svg , image_shield = POL Toruń COA.svg , nickname = City of Angels, Gingerbread city, Copernicus Town , pushpin_map = Kuyavian-Pom ...

) is a Polish historian, professor of the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, and a member of the Polish Academy of Learning and History Institute of the

Polish Academy of Sciences The Polish Academy of Sciences ( pl, Polska Akademia Nauk, PAN) is a Polish state-sponsored institution of higher learning. Headquartered in Warsaw, it is responsible for spearheading the development of science across the country by a society of ...

. He specializes in the

history of law Legal history or the history of law is the study of how law has evolved and why it has changed. Legal history is closely connected to the development of civilisations and operates in the wider context of social history. Certain jurists and hist ...

, Polish history from the time of the Polish Enlightenment to

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

, and history of Polish-German relations. He has been described as one of the premier Polish authorities in the field of the history of law.

Biography

Salmonowicz was born on 9 November 1931 in Brzesc nad Bugiem. He got his

doctorate A doctorate (from Latin ''docere'', "to teach"), doctor's degree (from Latin ''doctor'', "teacher"), or doctoral degree is an academic degree awarded by universities and some other educational institutions, derived from the ancient formalism ''l ...

in law in 1959 at the

University of Warsaw The University of Warsaw ( pl, Uniwersytet Warszawski, la, Universitas Varsoviensis) is a public university in Warsaw, Poland. Established in 1816, it is the largest institution of higher learning in the country offering 37 different fields of ...

. His thesis was about a city of

lawyer Krystian Bogumił Steiner (1746–1814). In 1959 he began working at the

Jagiellonian University The Jagiellonian University (Polish: ''Uniwersytet Jagielloński'', UJ) is a public research university in Kraków, Poland. Founded in 1364 by King Casimir III the Great, it is the oldest university in Poland and the 13th oldest university in ...

, where he finished his

habilitation Habilitation is the highest university degree, or the procedure by which it is achieved, in many European countries. The candidate fulfills a university's set criteria of excellence in research, teaching and further education, usually including a ...

in 1966 with a thesis about

criminal law Criminal law is the body of law that relates to crime. It prescribes conduct perceived as threatening, harmful, or otherwise endangering to the property, health, safety, and moral welfare of people inclusive of one's self. Most criminal law i ...

of the

enlightened absolutism Enlightened absolutism (also called enlightened despotism) refers to the conduct and policies of European absolute monarchs during the 18th and early 19th centuries who were influenced by the ideas of the Enlightenment, espousing them to enhance ...

era. From that year he moved to Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, where he served as the

vice dean {{Unreferenced, date=June 2019 A sub-dean is a person who acts as an assistant to a dean either in church circuit as a priest or minister or an academic institution. They are, however, not a vice-dean. A vice-dean is a person who can deputize a de ...

. In 1970 due to his ties to another historian,

Paweł Jasienica Paweł Jasienica was the pen name of Leon Lech Beynar (10 November 1909 – 19 August 1970), a Poles, Polish historian, journalist, essayist and soldier. During World War II, Jasienica (then, Leon Beynar) fought in the Polish Army, and later, ...

, he was arrested for anti-governmental activism by the

Polish communist Communism in Poland can trace its origins to the late 19th century: the Marxist First Proletariat party was founded in 1882. Rosa Luxemburg (1871–1919) of the Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania (''Socjaldemokracja Królest ...

authorities of the

People's Republic of Poland The Polish People's Republic ( pl, Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa, PRL) was a country in Central Europe that existed from 1947 to 1989 as the predecessor of the modern Republic of Poland. With a population of approximately 37.9 million nea ...

and fired from the university in the next year. In 1972 he began work at the History Institute of the

where he would work until 2003. From 1981 he resumed his work at the University of Toruń. In 1983 he received the rank of special professor (''nadzwyczajny'') and in 1989, the higher rank of the regular professor (''zwyczajny''). He has also served as a guest lecturer at a number of universities outside Poland. He received a medal for "Deeds for City of

" (''Za Zasługi dla Miasta Torunia'') and the

Cross of Freedom and Solidarity The Cross of Freedom and Solidarity (''Krzyż Wolności i Solidarności'') was established on 5 August 2010, to honor members of the democratic opposition in Poland who between the years 1956 and 1989 were killed, seriously wounded or injured, arr ...

in 2012.

Selected works

Salmonowicz has published about 1,200 works, including over 40 books, including a number of textbooks. * '' Krystian Bogumił Steiner: 1746-1814: toruński prawnik i historyk: studium z dziejów nauki prawa doby Oświecenia w Polsce'' (1962) * ''Francja pod jakobińską gwiazdą: szkice z dziejów rewolucji francuskiej'' (1966) * ''Prawo karne oświeconego absolutyzmu: z dziejów kodyfikacji karnych przełomu XVIII-XIX w.'' (1966) * ''Toruńskie Gimnazjum Akademickie w latach 1681-1817. Studium z dziejów nauki i oświaty'' (1973) * ''O reglamentacji obyczajowości mieszczańskiej w Toruniu w XVI - XVIII wieku'' (1976) * ''Obrońcy i miłośnicy języka polskiego w Toruniu XVI-XVIII w.'' (1979) * ''Fryderyk II'' (1981, ) * ''Myśl Oświecenia w Toruniu'' (1982) * ''Toruń w czasach baroku i oświecenia: szkice z dziejów kultury Torunia XVII-XVIII wieku'' (1982, ) * ''Konfederacja warszawska 1573'' (1985, ) * ''Prusy: dzieje państwa i społeczeństwa'' (1987, ) * ''Ludzie i dzieło Sejmu Czteroletniego'' (1988) * ''Sylwetki spod gilotyny'' (1989, ) * ''Ludwik Muzyczka 1900-1977: polityk i żołnierz: przyczynek do dziejów Armii Krajowej'' (1992, ) * ''Od Prus Książęcych do Królestwa Pruskiego: studia z dziejów prusko-pomorskich'' (1992) * ''Szkice toruńskie XVII-XVIII wieku'' (1992, ) * ''Polacy i Niemcy wobec siebie : postawy, opinie, stereotypy (1697-1815): próba zarysu'' (1993) * ''Wokół listu 34'' (1994) * ''Polskie Państwo Podziemne: z dziejów walki cywilnej 1939-45'' (1994, ) * ''Historia ustroju Polski'' (1995, with Ryszard Łaszewski, ) * ''Studia historycznoprawne'' (1995, ) * ''O rzemiośle recenzenta : studia z warsztatu historyka'' (1999, ) * ''Polski wiek XX: studia i szkice'' (2000, ) * ''Z wieku oświecenia: studia z dziejów prawa i polityki XVIII wieku'' (2001, ) * ''Historia ustrojów państw'' (2001, with

Grzegorz Górski Grzegorz (german: Falkenstein) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chełmża, within Toruń County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately north-east of Chełmża and north of Toruń ...

, ) * ''Prusy Królewskie w XVII-XVIII wieku : studia z dziejów kultury'' (2002, ) * ''Niewesołe lata 1939-1989: szkice z Polski dziejów najnowszych'' (2005, ) * ''W staropolskim Toruniu (XVI-XVIII w.): studia i szkice'' (2005, ) * ''Kilka minionych wieków: szkice i studia z historii ustroju Polski'' (2009, ) * ''Studia z historii prawa (XVI-XX wiek)'' (2010, )

References

External links

Homepage at IHPAN

List of publications
{{DEFAULTSORT:Salmonowicz, Stanislaw 1931 births Living people Academic staff of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń Writers from Brest, Belarus People from Polesie Voivodeship Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań Polish male non-fiction writers Members of the Polish Academy of Learning Historians of Poland