Specific developmental disorders (SDD) was a classification of disorders characterized by delayed development in one specific area or areas.
[Ahuja Vyas: ''Textbook of Postgraduate Psychiatry'' (2 Vols.), 2nd ed. 1999] Specific developmental disorders were contrasted to
pervasive developmental disorder
The diagnostic category pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), as opposed to specific developmental disorders (SDD), is a group of disorders characterized by delays in the development of multiple basic functions including socialization and ...
s
which were characterized by delays in the development of multiple basic functions including
socialization
In sociology, socialization or socialisation (see spelling differences) is the process of internalizing the norms and ideologies of society. Socialization encompasses both learning and teaching and is thus "the means by which social and cul ...
and
communication
Communication (from la, communicare, meaning "to share" or "to be in relation with") is usually defined as the transmission of information. The term may also refer to the message communicated through such transmissions or the field of inqui ...
.
ICD-10 taxonomy
The tenth revision of the
(ICD-10) has four categories of developmental disorders: specific developmental disorders of speech and language, specific developmental disorders of scholastic skills, specific developmental disorder of motor function, and mixed specific developmental disorder.
DSM-III taxonomy
In the third edition of the ''
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
The ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders'' (DSM; latest edition: DSM-5-TR, published in March 2022) is a publication by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) for the classification of mental disorders using a common langu ...
'' (DSM-III),
[Dennis Cantwell & Lorian Baker: ''Developmental Speech and Language Disorders'', 1987, page 4] SDD was opposed to the pervasive developmental disorders (PDD). There were two factors that were considered:
* The specificity of the impairment: in SDD there is one single domain that is affected, whereas in PDD multiple areas of functioning are affected.
[Sir Michael Rutter, Eric A. Taylor: ''Child and Adolescent Psychiatry'', 4th ed. 2005]
* The nature of the impairment: development in SDD is delayed but not otherwise abnormal, whereas in PDD there are behavioral deviations that are not typical for any developmental stage.
In the DSM-IV, specific developmental disorders were no longer grouped together.
[Robert Jean Campbell, III: ''Campbell's Psychiatric Dictionary'', 2003, page 184] Instead they were reclassified as communication disorders, learning disorders, and motor skills disorders.
Comparison and conditions
See also
*
Developmental disability
Developmental disability is a diverse group of chronic conditions, comprising mental or physical impairments that arise before adulthood. Developmental disabilities cause individuals living with them many difficulties in certain areas of life, espe ...
*
Global developmental delay
Global developmental delay is an umbrella term used when children are significantly delayed in their cognitive and physical development. It can be diagnosed when a child is delayed in one or more milestones, categorised into motor skills, speech ...
References
External links
{{Dyslexia and specific developmental disorders
Learning disabilities
Special education
Specific developmental disorders