Spanish Governor - Captain General of the Philippines
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The Governor-General of the Philippines (
Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Can ...
: ''Gobernador y Capitán General de Filipinas''; Filipino: ''Gobernador-Heneral ng Pilipinas/Kapitan Heneral ng Pilipinas''; Japanese: ) was the title of the
government executive ''Government Executive'' is an American media publication based in Washington, D.C., that covers daily government business for civilians, federal bureaucrats, and military officials. ''Government Executive'' is part of GovExec, which is owned b ...
during the colonial period of the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
, governed by Mexico City and Madrid (1565–1898) and the United States (1898–1946), and briefly by Great Britain (1762–1764) and Japan (1942–1945). They were also the representative of the
executive Executive ( exe., exec., execu.) may refer to: Role or title * Executive, a senior management role in an organization ** Chief executive officer (CEO), one of the highest-ranking corporate officers (executives) or administrators ** Executive di ...
of the ruling power. On November 15, 1935, the
Commonwealth of the Philippines The Commonwealth of the Philippines ( es, Commonwealth de Filipinas or ; tl, Komonwelt ng Pilipinas) was the administrative body that governed the Philippines from 1935 to 1946, aside from a period of exile in the Second World War from 1942 ...
was established as a transitional government to prepare the country for independence from American control. The governor-general was replaced by an elected Filipino " President of the Philippine Commonwealth", as the
chief executive A chief executive officer (CEO), also known as a central executive officer (CEO), chief administrator officer (CAO) or just chief executive (CE), is one of a number of corporate executives charged with the management of an organization especially ...
of the Philippines, taking over many of the duties of the Governor-General. The former American Governor-General then became known as the
High Commissioner to the Philippines The high commissioner to the Philippines was the personal representative of the president of the United States to the Commonwealth of the Philippines during the period 1935–1946. The office was created by the Tydings–McDuffie Act of ...
. From 1565 to 1898, the Philippines was under Spanish rule. From 1565 to 1821, the governor and captain-general was appointed by the
Viceroy of New Spain The following is a list of Viceroys of New Spain. In addition to viceroys, the following lists the highest Spanish governors of the Viceroyalty of New Spain, before the appointment of the first viceroy or when the office of viceroy was vacant. ...
upon recommendation of the
Spanish Cortes The Cortes Generales (; en, Spanish Parliament, lit=General Courts) are the bicameral legislative chambers of Spain, consisting of the Congress of Deputies (the lower house), and the Senate (the upper house). The Congress of Deputies meets i ...
and governed on behalf of the Monarch of Spain to govern the
Captaincy General of the Philippines The Captaincy General of the Philippines ( es, Capitanía General de Filipinas ; tl, Kapitaniya Heneral ng Pilipinas) was an administrative district of the Spanish Empire in Southeast Asia governed by a governor-general as a dependency of the ...
. When there was a vacancy (e.g. death, or during the transitional period between governors), the
Real Audiencia A ''Real Audiencia'' (), or simply an ''Audiencia'' ( ca, Reial Audiència, Audiència Reial, or Audiència), was an appellate court in Spain and its empire. The name of the institution literally translates as Royal Audience. The additional de ...
in Manila appoints a temporary governor from among its members. After Mexico won its independence in 1821, the country was no longer under the Viceroyalty of New Spain (present-day Mexico) and administrative affairs formerly handled by New Spain were transferred to Madrid and placed directly under the Spanish Crown.


Under New Spain (1565–1764)


British occupation of Manila (1761–1764)

After the Spanish defeat at the Battle of Manila in
1762 Events January–March * January 4 – Britain enters the Seven Years' War against Spain and Naples. * January 5 – Empress Elisabeth of Russia dies, and is succeeded by her nephew Peter III. Peter, an admirer of Frederick ...
, the Philippines was shortly governed simultaneously by two Governors-General of the
Spanish Empire The Spanish Empire ( es, link=no, Imperio español), also known as the Hispanic Monarchy ( es, link=no, Monarquía Hispánica) or the Catholic Monarchy ( es, link=no, Monarquía Católica) was a colonial empire governed by Spain and its prede ...
and the
British Empire The British Empire was composed of the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts e ...
.
Great Britain Great Britain is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. With an area of , it is the largest of the British Isles, the largest European island and the ninth-largest island in the world. It ...
shortly occupied
Manila Manila ( , ; fil, Maynila, ), officially the City of Manila ( fil, Lungsod ng Maynila, ), is the capital of the Philippines, and its second-most populous city. It is highly urbanized and, as of 2019, was the world's most densely populated ...
and the naval port of
Cavite Cavite, officially the Province of Cavite ( tl, Lalawigan ng Kabite; Chavacano: ''Provincia de Cavite''), is a province in the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region in Luzon. Located on the southern shores of Manila Bay and southw ...
as part of the
Seven Years' War The Seven Years' War (1756–1763) was a global conflict that involved most of the European Great Powers, and was fought primarily in Europe, the Americas, and Asia-Pacific. Other concurrent conflicts include the French and Indian War (1754 ...
, while the Spanish Governor-General set up a provisional government in Bacolor, Pampanga to continue administering the rest of the archipelago.


Under New Spain (1764–1821)

After the British returned Manila to the Spanish in 1764, the Spanish Governor-General
Francisco Javier de la Torre Francisco Javier de la Torre was the 49th governor-general of the Philippines from 1764 to 1765. Governorship On January 30, 1764, prior to the death of Governor-General Manuel Rojo del Rio y Vieyra, Simón de Anda y Salazar assumed office as the ...
resumed administration of the Philippines under the authority of the
Viceroy of New Spain The following is a list of Viceroys of New Spain. In addition to viceroys, the following lists the highest Spanish governors of the Viceroyalty of New Spain, before the appointment of the first viceroy or when the office of viceroy was vacant. ...
in modern-day
Mexico Mexico (Spanish language, Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a List of sovereign states, country in the southern portion of North America. It is borders of Mexico, bordered to the north by the United States; to the so ...
(
New Spain New Spain, officially the Viceroyalty of New Spain ( es, Virreinato de Nueva España, ), or Kingdom of New Spain, was an integral territorial entity of the Spanish Empire, established by Habsburg Spain during the Spanish colonization of the A ...
) as part of the
Spanish Empire The Spanish Empire ( es, link=no, Imperio español), also known as the Hispanic Monarchy ( es, link=no, Monarquía Hispánica) or the Catholic Monarchy ( es, link=no, Monarquía Católica) was a colonial empire governed by Spain and its prede ...
. The colonies were part of the
First French Empire The First French Empire, officially the French Republic, then the French Empire (; Latin: ) after 1809, also known as Napoleonic France, was the empire ruled by Napoleon Bonaparte, who established French hegemony over much of continental E ...
as part of
Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader wh ...
's invasion and occupation of Spain, until
Joseph Bonaparte it, Giuseppe-Napoleone Buonaparte es, José Napoleón Bonaparte , house = Bonaparte , father = Carlo Buonaparte , mother = Letizia Ramolino , birth_date = 7 January 1768 , birth_place = Corte, Corsica, Republic ...
's abdication on December 11, 1813, following the aftermath of the Battle of Vitoria and the invasion of
France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
through Spain by the Duke of Wellington.


Direct Spanish control (1821–1898)

After the 1821
Mexican War of Independence The Mexican War of Independence ( es, Guerra de Independencia de México, links=no, 16 September 1810 – 27 September 1821) was an armed conflict and political process resulting in Mexico's independence from Spain. It was not a single, co ...
, Mexico became independent and was no longer part of the Spanish Empire. The
Viceroyalty of New Spain New Spain, officially the Viceroyalty of New Spain ( es, Virreinato de Nueva España, ), or Kingdom of New Spain, was an integral territorial entity of the Spanish Empire, established by Habsburg Spain during the Spanish colonization of the Amer ...
ceased to exist. The Philippines, as a result, was directly governed from
Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...
, under the Spanish Crown.


United States Military Government (1898–1902)

The city of Manila was captured by American expeditionary forces on 13 August 1898.David P. Barrows;
The Governor-General of the Philippines under Spain and the United States
'
The American Historical ReviewVol. 21, No. 2
(Jan., 1916), pp. 288-311
PDF
On 14 August 1898, the terms of the Spanish capitulation were signed. From this date, American government in the Philippines begins. General Wesley Merritt, in accordance with the instructions of the United States President, issued a proclamation announcing the establishment of United States military rule. During the transition period, executive authority in all civil affairs in the Philippine government was exercised by the military governor.


Insular Government (1901–1935)

On July 4, 1901, executive authority over the islands was transferred to the president of the
Second Philippine Commission The Taft Commission, also known as the Second Philippine Commission ( Filipino: ''Ikalawang Komisyon ng Pilipinas''), was established by United States President William McKinley on March 16, 1900, following the recommendations of the First Phili ...
who had the title of ''Civil Governor'', a position appointed by the
President of the United States The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the Federal government of the United States#Executive branch, executive branch of the Federal gove ...
and approved by the
United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and po ...
. For the first year, a ''Military Governor'', Adna Chaffee, ruled parts of the country still resisting the American rule, concurrent with Civil Governor, William Howard Taft. Disagreements between the two were not uncommon. The following year, on July 4, 1902, Taft became the sole executive authority. Chaffee remained commander of the Philippine Division until September 30, 1902. After his retirement as Civil Governor, Governor Taft was appointed
Secretary of War The secretary of war was a member of the U.S. president's Cabinet, beginning with George Washington's administration. A similar position, called either "Secretary at War" or "Secretary of War", had been appointed to serve the Congress of the ...
and he secured for his successor the adoption by Congress of the title ''Governor-General of the Philippine Islands'' thereby "reviving the high designation used during the last period of Spanish rule and placing the office on a parity of dignity with that of other colonial empires of first importance". The term "insular" (from ''insula'', the
Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through ...
word for ''island'') refers to U.S. island territories that are not incorporated into either a state or a federal district. All
insular area In the law of the United States, an insular area is a U.S.-associated jurisdiction that is not part of the 50 states or the District of Columbia. This includes fourteen U.S. territories administered under U.S. sovereignty, as well as three so ...
s were under the authority of the U.S. Bureau of Insular Affairs, a division of the
US War Department The United States Department of War, also called the War Department (and occasionally War Office in the early years), was the United States Cabinet department originally responsible for the operation and maintenance of the United States Army, a ...
.


High Commissioner to the Philippines (1935–42 and 1945–46)

On November 15, 1935, the
Commonwealth of the Philippines The Commonwealth of the Philippines ( es, Commonwealth de Filipinas or ; tl, Komonwelt ng Pilipinas) was the administrative body that governed the Philippines from 1935 to 1946, aside from a period of exile in the Second World War from 1942 ...
was inaugurated as a transitional government to prepare the country for independence. The office of President of the Philippine Commonwealth replaced the Governor-General as the country's
chief executive A chief executive officer (CEO), also known as a central executive officer (CEO), chief administrator officer (CAO) or just chief executive (CE), is one of a number of corporate executives charged with the management of an organization especially ...
. The Governor-General became the
High Commissioner of the Philippines The high commissioner to the Philippines was the personal representative of the president of the United States to the Commonwealth of the Philippines during the period 1935–1946. The office was created by the Tydings–McDuffie Act of 19 ...
with
Frank Murphy William Francis Murphy (April 13, 1890July 19, 1949) was an American politician, lawyer and jurist from Michigan. He was a Democrat who was named to the Supreme Court of the United States in 1940 after a political career that included serving ...
, the last governor-general, as the first high commissioner. The High Commissioner exercised no executive power but rather represented the colonial power, the United States Government, in the Philippines. The high commissioner moved from Malacañang Palace to the newly built High Commissioner's Residence, now the Embassy of the United States in Manila. After the Philippine independence on July 4, 1946, the last High Commissioner, Paul McNutt, became the first United States Ambassador to the Philippines.


Japanese military governors (1942–1945)

In December 1941, the
Commonwealth of the Philippines The Commonwealth of the Philippines ( es, Commonwealth de Filipinas or ; tl, Komonwelt ng Pilipinas) was the administrative body that governed the Philippines from 1935 to 1946, aside from a period of exile in the Second World War from 1942 ...
was
invaded An invasion is a military offensive in which large numbers of combatants of one geopolitical entity aggressively enter territory owned by another such entity, generally with the objective of either: conquering; liberating or re-establishing con ...
by
Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the n ...
as part of
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
. The next year, the
Empire of Japan The also known as the Japanese Empire or Imperial Japan, was a historical nation-state and great power that existed from the Meiji Restoration in 1868 until the enactment of the post-World War II 1947 constitution and subsequent form ...
sent a military governor to control the country during wartime, followed by the formal establishment of the
puppet A puppet is an object, often resembling a human, animal or mythical figure, that is animated or manipulated by a person called a puppeteer. The puppeteer uses movements of their hands, arms, or control devices such as rods or strings to move ...
second republic. Cahoon (2000) On September 2, 1945, the position of Governor-General of the Philippines was abolished. The Philippines' independence from the
United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country Continental United States, primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., ...
was proclaimed on July 4, 1946, installing
Manuel Roxas Manuel Acuña Roxas (born Manuel Roxas y Acuña; ; January 1, 1892 – April 15, 1948) was a Filipino lawyer and politician who served as the fifth president of the Philippines, who served from 1946 until his death due to heart attacks in 19 ...
as the fifth
President of the Philippines The president of the Philippines ( fil, Pangulo ng Pilipinas, sometimes referred to as ''Presidente ng Pilipinas'') is the head of state, head of government and chief executive of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of ...
and ushering in the
Third Philippine Republic Third or 3rd may refer to: Numbers * 3rd, the ordinal form of the cardinal number 3 * , a fraction of one third * 1⁄60 of a ''second'', or 1⁄3600 of a ''minute'' Places * 3rd Street (disambiguation) * Third Avenue (disambiguation) * Hig ...
.


Timelines


1750–1800

ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:12 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:60 right:170 left:20 AlignBars = late DateFormat = yyyy Period = from:1750 till:1799 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1750 Colors = id:Vacant value:black id:None value:gray(0.3) id:ESP value:yelloworange legend:Spanish id:GBR value:purple legend:British id:linemark value:gray(0.8) id:linemark2 value:gray(0.9) Legend = columns:1 left:120 top:25 columnwidth:200 BarData = barset:PM PlotData= width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till barset:PM from:1750 till:1750 text:"Archbishop Juan Arrechederra (acting)" color:ESP from:1750 till:1754 text:"Francisco José de Ovando y Solis, 1st Marquis of Ovando" color:ESP from:1754 till:1759 text:"Pedro Manuel de Arandía Santisteban" color:ESP from:1759 till:1761 text:"Miguel Lino de Ezpeleta" color:ESP from:1761 till:1762 text:"Archbishop Manuel Rojo del Río y Vieyra (acting)" color:ESP from:1762 till:1764 text:"Simón de Anda y Salazar (Provisional Government)" color:ESP from:1762 till:1764 text:"Dawsonne Drake" color:GBR from:1764 till:1765 text:"Francisco Javier de la Torre" color:ESP from:1765 till:1770 text:"José Antonio Raón y Gutiérrez" color:ESP from:1770 till:1776 text:"Simón de Anda y Salazar" color:ESP from:1776 till:1778 text:"Pedro de Sarrio" color:ESP from:1778 till:1787 text:"José Basco y Vargas" color:ESP from:1787 till:1788 text:"Pedro de Sarrio" color:ESP from:1788 till:1793 text:"Félix Berenguer de Marquina" color:ESP from:1793 till:1799 text:"Rafael María de Aguilar y Ponce de León" color:ESP


1800–1850

ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:12 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:60 right:170 left:20 AlignBars = late DateFormat = mm/dd/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1800 till:12/31/1849 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1800 Colors = id:Vacant value:black id:None value:gray(0.3) id:ESP value:yelloworange legend:Spanish id:linemark value:gray(0.8) id:linemark2 value:gray(0.9) Legend = columns:1 left:120 top:25 columnwidth:200 BarData = barset:PM PlotData= width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till barset:PM from:01/01/1800 till:08/07/1806 text:"Rafael María de Aguilar y Ponce de León" color:ESP from:08/07/1806 till:03/04/1810 text:"Mariano Fernández de Folgueras" color:ESP from:03/04/1810 till:09/14/1813 text:"Manuel Gonzalez de Aguilar" color:ESP from:09/04/1813 till:09/09/1816 text:"José Gardoqui Jaraveitia" color:ESP from:09/09/1816 till:10/30/1822 text:"Mariano Fernández de Folgueras" color:ESP from:10/30/1822 till:10/15/1825 text:"Juan Antonio Martínez" color:ESP from:10/15/1825 till:12/23/1830 text:"Mariano Ricafort Palacín y Abarca" color:ESP from:12/23/1830 till:03/01/1835 text:"Pascual Enrile y Alcedo" color:ESP from:03/01/1835 till:04/23/1835 text:"Gabriel de Torres" color:ESP from:04/23/1835 till:09/08/1835 text:"Joaquín de Crámer" color:ESP from:09/08/1835 till:08/27/1837 text:"Pedro Antonio Salazar Castillo y Varona" color:ESP from:08/27/1837 till:12/29/1838 text:"Andrés García Camba" color:ESP from:12/29/1838 till:02/14/1841 text:"Luis Lardizábal" color:ESP from:02/14/1841 till:06/17/1843 text:"Marcelino de Oraá Lecumberri" color:ESP from:06/17/1843 till:07/16/1844 text:"Francisco de Paula Alcalá de la Torre" color:ESP from:07/16/1844 till:12/26/1849 text:"Narciso Clavería y Zaldua" color:ESP from:12/26/1849 till:12/31/1849 text:"Antonio María Blanco" color:ESP


1850–1898

ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:11 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:60 right:170 left:20 AlignBars = late DateFormat = mm/dd/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1850 till:08/13/1898 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1850 Colors = id:Vacant value:black id:None value:gray(0.3) id:ESP value:yelloworange legend:Spanish id:MIL value:green legend:American_(military) id:linemark value:gray(0.8) id:linemark2 value:gray(0.9) Legend = columns:1 left:120 top:25 columnwidth:200 BarData = barset:PM PlotData= width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till barset:PM from:01/01/1850 till:07/29/1850 text:"Antonio María Blanco" color:ESP from:07/29/1850 till:12/20/1853 text:"Antonio de Urbistondo y Eguía" color:ESP from:12/20/1853 till:02/02/1854 text:"Ramón Montero y Blandino" color:ESP from:02/02/1854 till:10/28/1854 text:"Manuel Pavía y Lacy" color:ESP from:10/28/1854 till:11/20/1854 text:"Ramón Montero y Blandino" color:ESP from:11/20/1854 till:12/05/1856 text:"Manuel Crespo y Cebrían" color:ESP from:12/05/1856 till:03/09/1857 text:"Ramón Montero y Blandino" color:ESP from:03/09/1857 till:01/12/1860 text:"Fernándo Norzagaray y Escudero" color:ESP from:01/12/1860 till:08/29/1860 text:"Ramón María Solano y Llanderal" color:ESP from:08/29/1860 till:02/02/1861 text:"Juan Herrera Dávila" color:ESP from:02/02/1861 till:07/07/1862 text:"José Lemery e Ibarrola Ney y González" color:ESP from:07/07/1862 till:07/09/1862 text:"Salvador Valdés" color:ESP from:07/09/1862 till:03/24/1865 text:"Rafael de Echague y Bermingham" color:ESP from:03/24/1865 till:04/25/1865 text:"Joaquín del Solar e Ibáñez" color:ESP from:04/25/1865 till:07/13/1866 text:"Juan de Lara e Irigoyen" color:ESP from:07/13/1866 till:09/21/1866 text:"José Laureano de Sanz y Posse" color:ESP from:09/21/1866 till:09/27/1866 text:"Juan Antonio Osorio" color:ESP from:09/27/1866 till:10/26/1866 text:"Joaquín del Solar e Ibáñez" color:ESP from:10/26/1866 till:06/07/1869 text:"José de la Gándara y Navarro" color:ESP from:06/07/1869 till:06/23/1869 text:"Manuel Maldonado" color:ESP from:06/23/1869 till:04/04/1871 text:"Cárlos María de la Torre y Nava Cerrada" color:ESP from:04/04/1871 till:01/08/1873 text:"Rafael de Izquierdo y Gutíerrez" color:ESP from:01/08/1873 till:01/24/1873 text:"Manuel MacCrohon" color:ESP from:01/24/1873 till:03/17/1874 text:"Juan Alminos y de Vivar" color:ESP from:03/17/1874 till:06/18/1874 text:"Manuel Blanco Valderrama" color:ESP from:06/18/1874 till:02/28/1877 text:"José Malcampo y Monje" color:ESP from:02/28/1877 till:03/20/1880 text:"Domingo Moriones y Murillo" color:ESP from:03/20/1880 till:04/15/1880 text:"Rafael Rodríguez Arias" color:ESP from:04/15/1880 till:03/10/1883 text:"Fernando Primo de Rivera" color:ESP from:03/10/1883 till:04/07/1883 text:"Emilio Molíns" color:ESP from:04/07/1883 till:04/01/1885 text:"Joaquín Jovellar" color:ESP from:04/01/1885 till:04/04/1885 text:"Emilio Molíns" color:ESP from:04/04/1885 till:04/10/1888 text:"Emilio Terrero y Perinat" color:ESP from:04/25/1888 till:06/04/1888 text:"Antonio Moltó" color:ESP from:06/04/1888 till:06/05/1888 text:"Federico Lobatón" color:ESP from:06/05/1888 till:11/17/1891 text:"Valeriano Weyler" color:ESP from:11/17/1891 till:03/01/1893 text:"Eulogio Despujol" color:ESP from:03/01/1893 till:05/04/1893 text:"Federico Ochando" color:ESP from:05/04/1893 till:12/13/1896 text:"Ramón Blanco" color:ESP from:12/13/1896 till:04/15/1897 text:"Camilo Polavieja" color:ESP from:04/15/1897 till:04/23/1897 text:"José de Lachambre" color:ESP from:04/23/1897 till:04/11/1898 text:"Fernando Primo de Rivera" color:ESP from:04/11/1898 till:07/24/1898 text:"Basilio Augustín" color:ESP from:07/24/1898 till:08/13/1898 text:"Fermín Jáudenes" color:esp


1898–1946

ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:10 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:60 right:170 left:20 AlignBars = late DateFormat = mm/dd/yyyy Period = from:08/13/1898 till:07/04/1946 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1900 Colors = id:ESP value:yelloworange legend:Spanish id:MIL value:green legend:American_(military) id:DEM value:darkblue legend:American_(Democrat) id:REP value:red legend:American_(Republican) id:JPN value:black legend:Japanese id:linemark value:gray(0.8) id:linemark2 value:gray(0.9) Legend = columns:1 left:120 top:25 columnwidth:200 # Suppress axis text BarData = bar:Rizzo bar:Ríos bar:Merritt bar:Otis text: bar:MacArthur text: bar:Chaffee text: bar:Taft text: bar:Wright text: bar:Ide text: bar:Smith text: bar:Forbes text: bar:Gilbert text: bar:Harrison text: bar:Yeater text: bar:Wood text: bar:Gilmore text: bar:Stimson text: bar:Davis text: bar:Butte text: bar:Roosevelt text: bar:Murphy text: bar:Jones text: bar:McNutt text: bar:Sayre text: bar:Homma text: bar:Tanaka text: bar:Karoda text: bar:Yamashita text: PlotData= width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till bar:Rizzo from:08/13/1898 till:09/01/1898 text:"Francisco Rizzo" color:ESP bar:Ríos from:09/01/1898 till:12/10/1898 text:"Diego de los Ríos" color:ESP bar:Merritt from:08/14/1898 till:08/28/1898 text:"Wesley Merritt" color:MIL bar:Otis from:08/28/1898 till:05/05/1900 text:"Otis" color:MIL bar:MacArthur from:05/25/1900 till:07/04/1901 text:"MacArthur" color:MIL bar:Chaffee from:07/04/1901 till:07/04/1902 text:"Chaffee" color:MIL bar:Taft from:07/04/1902 till:12/23/1903 text:"Taft" color:REP bar:Wright from:02/01/1904 till:04/01/1906 text:"Wright" color:REP bar:Ide from:03/30/1906 till:09/01/1906 text:"Ide" color:REP bar:Smith from:09/01/1906 till:11/11/1909 text:"Smith" color:REP bar:Forbes from:11/11/1909 till:09/01/1913 text:"Forbes" color:REP bar:Gilbert from:09/01/1913 till:10/06/1913 text:"Gilbert" color:REP bar:Harrison from:10/06/1913 till:03/05/1921 text:"Harrison" color:DEM bar:Yeater from:03/05/1921 till:10/14/1921 text:"Yeater" color:DEM bar:Wood from:10/14/1921 till:08/07/1927 text:"Wood" color:REP bar:Gilmore from:08/07/1927 till:12/27/1927 text:" " color:REP bar:Stimson from:12/27/1927 till:02/23/1929 text:"Stimson" color:REP bar:Gilmore from:02/23/1929 till:07/08/1929 text:"Gilmore" color:REP bar:Davis from:07/08/1929 till:01/09/1932 text:"Davis" color:REP bar:Butte from:01/09/1932 till:02/29/1932 text:"Butte" color:REP bar:Roosevelt from:02/29/1932 till:07/15/1933 text:"Roosevelt" color:REP bar:Murphy from:07/15/1933 till:12/31/1936 text:"Murphy" color:DEM bar:Jones from:12/31/1936 till:02/27/1937 text:"Jones" color:DEM bar:McNutt from:02/27/1937 till:12/31/1939 text:"McNutt" color:DEM bar:Sayre from:12/31/1939 till:01/03/1942 text:"Sayre" color:DEM bar:Homma from:01/03/1942 till:06/08/1942 text:"Homma" color:JPN bar:Tanaka from:06/08/1942 till:05/28/1943 text:"Tanaka" color:JPN bar:Karoda from:05/28/1943 till:07/26/1944 text:"Kuroda" color:JPN bar:Yamashita from:07/26/1944 till:08/17/1945 text:"Yamashita" color:JPN bar:McNutt from:08/17/1945 till:07/04/1946 text:"McNutt" color:DEM


See also

* Filipino styles and honorifics *
List of sovereign state leaders in the Philippines The types of sovereign state leaders in the Philippines have varied throughout the country's history, from heads of ancient chiefdoms, kingdoms and sultanates in the pre-colonial period, to the leaders of Spanish, American, and Japanese col ...
*
List of recorded datu in the Philippines The datu have ruled over portions of the islands that are now the Philippines before Spanish colonization in the 16th century. This article lists the pre-colonial leaders of individual kingdoms and polities in Philippine history. Etymologyca ...
*
President of the Philippines The president of the Philippines ( fil, Pangulo ng Pilipinas, sometimes referred to as ''Presidente ng Pilipinas'') is the head of state, head of government and chief executive of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of ...
*
List of presidents of the Philippines Under the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines, the president of the Philippines ( fil, pangulo ng Pilipinas) is both the head of state and the head of government, and serves as the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, cou ...
* Audiencia *
List of Viceroys of New Spain The following is a list of Viceroys of New Spain. In addition to viceroys, the following lists the highest Spanish governors of the Viceroyalty of New Spain, before the appointment of the first viceroy or when the office of viceroy was vacant. M ...
*
Spanish Empire The Spanish Empire ( es, link=no, Imperio español), also known as the Hispanic Monarchy ( es, link=no, Monarquía Hispánica) or the Catholic Monarchy ( es, link=no, Monarquía Católica) was a colonial empire governed by Spain and its prede ...
*
History of the Philippines Earliest hominin activity in the Philippine archipelago is dated back to at least 709,000 years ago. '' Homo luzonensis'', a species of archaic humans, was present on the island of Luzon at least 67,000 years ago. The earliest known anatomically ...
* Military History of the Philippines *
United States Territory In the United States, a territory is any extent of region under the sovereign jurisdiction of the federal government of the United States, including all waters (around islands or continental tracts). The United States asserts sovereign rights for ...
*
Governor-General Governor-general (plural ''governors-general''), or governor general (plural ''governors general''), is the title of an office-holder. In the context of governors-general and former British colonies, governors-general are appointed as viceroy t ...
*
Lists of office-holders These are lists of incumbents (individuals holding offices or positions), including heads of states or of subnational entities. A historical discipline, archontology, focuses on the study of past and current office holders. Incumbents may als ...
*
Gobernadorcillo The ''gobernadorcillo'' (, literally "little governor") was a municipal judge or governor in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period, who carried out in a town the combined charges or responsibilities of leadership, economic, and jud ...


Notes


References


Governors of the Philippines
* * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Governor-General Of The Philippines 01 Captaincy General of the Philippines Insular Government of the Philippine Islands * Philippine Heads of State and Government Political office-holders in the Philippines People of American colonial Philippines 1565 establishments in the Philippines